Transcript SHAKESPEARE R _ J 2015

Today’s standard*Analyze works of literature for what is
suggested about the historical period in which
they were written.
Objective- Gather information to
better understand Shakespeare and
his work Romeo & Juliet.
Parker Presents
William
Shakespeare
Life of William Shakespeare
Elizabethan Period 1558-1603
Family
 Born around April 23, 1564
in Stratford–on–Avon
 3rd of 8 children
 Family was well off
 Most quoted, other than
the Bible
Life of William Shakespeare
The Dirt !
 Married Anne Hathaway
at 18 - she was 26!
 Three children
 Absentee father
Stratford-on-Avon
Stratford-on-Avon
London During Shakespeare’s Days
No running water or
electricity
Poverty
London During Shakespeare’s Days
Bathing considered dangerous
 Childhood diseases
 Children often died young
 Small Pox & Bubonic Plague
killed thousands

London During Shakespeare’s Days
No running water
 Chamber Pots
 Open Sewers
 Crowded
London During Shakespeare’s Days
Clothes
 One set used all year long,
rarely washed
 Underclothing slept in,
rarely changed
 Clothes handed down from
rich to poor
Theater in London
The Theater
 First public theater
 Demolished in
1599
Theater in London
Theater in London
The Globe
 Penny admission
 Hard to believe? Think
about admission to the
movie theater in the ‘50s
Theater in London
Actors
All men
 Female parts played by young boys
 No actual kissing or hugging on stage

Audience
2000-3000 people from all walks of life
 Rich audience sat in covered galleries around
stage
 Most stood in the pit around platform stage –
“groundlings”

The groundling
Poor audience
member
 Stood around stage in
“the pit”
 Threw rotten
vegetables at bad
performances

The Plays
 Tragedy
Ends in the death
of one or more of
the main
characters
 Most of
Shakespeare’s
tragedies involved
historical
individuals or
events.

Tragic Endings

Most tragic heroes are partly to blame for their
own fates and end up dying as a result.
All of Shakespeare’s tragedies have
a tragic hero.
Tragic Heroes

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All of Shakespeare’s tragedies have a tragic hero.
Often makes more than one bad judgment
Usually recognizes his mistakes
We feel sympathy for him.
The hero is often a man of high rank, such as a
king or prince.
Will die
Line References
The play’s title is
written in italics
The scene is in
small Roman
numerals
Romeo & Juliet, II. i. 35
The act is written in
capital Roman numerals
The line
number is
written as a
normal number
New Words
In Shakespeare’s time . . .
There
were no dictionaries.
There
were no spelling rules.
Shakespeare
created over 2,000 words.
Wordplay, bawdy jokes, and lofty language
appealed to Elizabethan audiences.
Shakespeare’s Words
Hint
eyeball
majestic
generous
fashionable
laughable
gloomy
undress
Romeo and Juliet
Think & Write
When family differences stand between two
people, it can be destructive
because_______________.
Skills for this Unit:
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Understand globe theater
Summarize and paraphrase complex text
Analyze characters (protagonist/antagonist,
flat/round, static/dynamic, stock)
Analyze conflicts (internal/external),
Analyze stage directions, dialogue and
dramatic speeches (monologue, soliloquy,
aside)
Analyze theme
What are we about to read?

This play is a tragedy-it traces the downfall of
the main character, often called the tragic
hero.
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Tragic hero-admired character, but has a
major flaw that causes his downfall.
Overall Structure
Called a “five act play”
 Act 1-Introduction
 Act 2- Rising Action
 Act 3-Climax
 Act 4-Falling Action
 Act 5- Resolution

Romeo and Juliet: Background
The Elizabethan audience expected a drama to unfold in five
predictable segments.
• Act III
Rising action
• Act II
• Act I
Introduction
Crisis, or turning point
• Act IV
Falling
action
• Act V
Climactic moment, resolution
Globe Theater
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The Globe- most famous theater in the history
of English stage, for many more of
Shakespeare’s plays were performed there.
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It was a round theater with a central stage
open to the sky.
Summarize and Paraphrase: What’s
the difference?

Summarize-briefly stating the idea of a text in
a few sentences.

Paraphrase-summarize a text LINE by LINE.
Analyze Characters
Dynamic-a character changes and grows
 Static- a character remains the same
 Flat-one dimensional; has only one or two
qualities
 Round-multi-dimensional; has many qualities
 Stock character-a stereotypical character
(villian, mean librarian, etc.)

Remember a character can be flat and static.
Most flat, static characters are also
stereotypical, or stock characters.
 A character can be dynamic and round at the
same time.
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Analyze Conflicts
Internal- man vs. self (Example: Should I
cheat?)
 External- man vs. man
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Dialogue
Dialogue= conversation between characters.
Prose dialogue is written in quotation marks.
 In drama, it generally follows the name of the
speaker- seen below

BENVOLIO. My noble uncle, do you know the
cause?
 MONTAGUE. I neither know.
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Stage Directions
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Notes in a play that describe how the
work should be performed, or stagedsuch as scenes, lighting, sound effects and
character actions.
Usually set in italics and are sometimes
set off in brackets or parentheses.
Example:
•
Scene iii. Friar Lawrence’s cell [Enter FRIAR
LAWRENCE alone, with a basket.]
Stage Directions

Sally: Good Morning, teacher.
Teacher: Good Morning, Sally.
Sally: What do you want us to do this
morning?
Teacher: I want you to get out your
homework.
Sally: Great.
Same skit with stage directions included.
Sally: (loudly) Good Morning, teacher.
Teacher: (acting irritated) Good Morning,
Sally.
Sally: (laughs rudely) What do you want us
to do this morning?
Teacher: (sternly) I want you to get out your
homework.
Sally: (sarcastically) Great.
And again.
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Sally: (cheerfully) Good Morning, teacher.
Teacher: (smiles) Good Morning, Sally.
Sally: (sweetly) What do you want us to
do this morning?
Teacher: (energetically) I want you to get
out your homework.
Sally: (excitedly) Great.
Dramatic Speeches
Monologue- a long, uninterrupted speech
delivered to other characters on stage.
 Soliloquy- (solo) a speech in which a
character, alone on stage, reveals private
thoughts that the audience is allowed to
overhear.
 Aside-a brief remark a character makes to the
audience rather than to the other characters.
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Now use your guided notes paper- AGAIN.
Romeo & Juliet!!
Romeo and Juliet: Introduction
Verona, Italy
Feud between Capulets and Montagues
The Montagues and the
Capulets hate each other.
Romeo and Juliet: Introduction
Is there such a thing as love at first sight?
Romeo Montague sneaks
into a Capulet party.
He and Juliet Capulet can’t
take their eyes off each
other.
That’s before the well
known romantic exchange
on her balcony.
Romeo and Juliet: Introduction
Neither family is pleased with their
interest in each other.
But the couple has a friend in the local priest—
if only Friar Laurence can coax the families
toward peace.
Romeo and Juliet: Introduction
But meanwhile, the feud between the families
is getting worse
and even leads
to revenge and
death.
Romeo and Juliet: Background
• In Romeo and Juliet a prologue in sonnet
(type of poem) form summarizes the play for
the audience
Prologue- introduction before the first act.
• Most lines in the play, like the lines of a sonnet, are in
iambic pentameter—ten syllables of a steady
unaccented/accented pattern.
•Creates a beat/rhythm when read.
Romeo and Juliet question
During the 1300s in Verona, Italy— in the
setting for Romeo and Juliet—it was customary
for a father to arrange a suitable marriage for
his daughter.
Prologue activity
Do 1-5 thoroughly for homework.
Stage Directions Exit Questions
1&2
Choose the correct description for the following words in
parenthesis:
(Reciting)
(whistling)
(at the gate)
A They establish the setting and foreshadow upcoming conflict.
B They contribute to the characterization and relationship
between the actors.
C They indicate how the lines should be spoken and describe
offstage activity.
D They describe what the stage looks like and how the actors
should speak and move.
What would be gained if the drama were
performed instead of read?
A The emotions of the characters would be
more apparent.
B The characters would be more essential to
the plot.
C The plot would come to a conclusion more
quickly.
D The foreshadowing would be more effective.
2015 STOP HERE
Literature book page 808
Sampson:
Gregory:
Abram:
Benvolio:
Tybalt:
Officer:
Capulet:
Lady Capulet:
Montague:
Lady Montague:
Prince:
Romeo:
Juliet:
ACT I
Nurse:
Mercutio:
Servingman 1:
Servingman 2:
Servingman 3:
Romeo and Juliet Exit ticket
Who is fighting in the beginning of
Act I?
What does Aside mean?
Are you confused about the play?
Write your question here on your paper.