Transcript 003_Microprocessor

Microprocessor
Ihsan Naskah
[email protected]
Istilah-istilah Processor
• Clock Speed: Frekwensi kerja prosesor, dalam satuan
MHz (MegaHertz).
• Bus Width: Lebar jalur bus data
• Bus Speed: Kecepatan transfer data pada bus system
• FSB: Front Side Bus, bus data yang menghubungkan
processor Memory Utama
• BSB: Back Side Bus, bus data yang menghubungkan
processor dengan L2-Cache
• L1-Cache: Cache Memory yang tergabung dalam
processor
• L2-Cache: Cache Memory yang berada di luar
processor
L3-Cache
• Kini semakin banyak processor keluaran
terakhir yang memasukkan L2-Cache
menjadi cache internal setelah L1-Cache
(kini ada dua bagian cache internal L1 dan
L2)
• Maka Cache yang berada diluar processor
kini disebut sebagai Cache Level 3 (L3Cache)
Istilah-istilah Processor
• MIPS: Million Instruction Per-Second (satu juta
instruksi perdetik)
• MMX: MultiMedia eXtension, kode program
tambahan pada processor untuk optimasi
multimedia
• ECC: Error Correction Code, Kode khusus untuk
mengoreksi kesalahan
• SIMD: Single Instruction Multiple Data,
mengerjakan sejumlah data sejenis dengan satu
instruksi
• SSE2: Streaming SIMD Extended
Istilah Kemasan Processor
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
PGA: Pin Grid Array
BGA: Ball Grid Array
PPGA: Plastic Pin Grid Array
SPGA: Staggered Pin Grid Array
DCPGA: Dual Cavity Pin Grid Array
FC-PGA: Flip-Chip Pin Grid Array
Micro-PGA: Micro Pin Grid Array
uFCPGA: Micro Flip Chip Pin Grid Array
TCP: Tape Carrier Package
SEPP: Single Edge Processor Package
SECC: Single Edge Contact Cartridge
FC-PGA
SECC
FC-PGA
PPGA
Vendor Processor
• Intel http://www.intel.com
• AMD (Advanced Micro Device)
http://www.amd.com
• IBM http://www.ibm.com
• Ciryx http://www.ciryx.com
Processor Intel
• 8080
– Clock speed: 2 MHz
– 0.64 MIPS
– Bus Width: 8 bits
– Addressable Memory: 64 Kbytes
– 4.500 transistor (6 microns)
– Digunakan sebagai komponen utama pada
PC (Personal Computer) pertama, 1974.
Processor Intel
• 8086
– Clock speed: 5 MHz (0.66 MIPS), dan
10 MHz (0.75 MIPS)
– Bus width: 16 bits
– Addressable memory: 1 Megabyte
– 29.000 transistor (3 microns)
– 10 kali lebih cepat dari pada 8080, dan
disebut dengan PC-XT (eXtended
Technology)
Processor Intel
• 8088
– Clock speed: 5 MHz (0.33 MIPS), dan
8 MHz (0.75 MIPS)
– Internal Architecture 16 bits
– Exernal bus width: 8 bits
– 29.000 transistor (3 microns)
– Digunakan sebagai processor standard untuk
IBM-PC dan kompatibelnya
Processor Intel
• 80286
– Clock speed: 6 Mhz (0.9 MIPS), 10 MHz (1.5
MIPS), dan 12 MHz (2.66 MIPS)
– Bus width: 16 bits
– Addressabe Memory 16 Megabytes
– 134.000 transistor (1.5 micron)
– Disebut sebagai PC-AT (Advanced
Technology)
Processor Intel
• Intel386 SX
– Clock speed: 16 MHz (2.5 MIPS), 20 MHz
(2.5 MIPS), 25 MHz (2.7 MIPS), dan 33 MHz
(2.9 MIPS)
– Internal Architecture: 32 bits
– External bus width: 16 bits
– Addressable memory: 16 Megabytes
– 275.000 transistor (1.5 micron)
Processor Intel
• Intel386 DX
– Clock speed: 16 MHz (6 MIPS), 20 MHz (7
MIPS), 25 MHz (8.5 MIPS), dan 33 MHz (11.4
MIPS)
– Bus width: 32 bits
– Addressable Memory: 4 Gigabytes
– 275.000 transistor (1.5 micron)
– Math-co-processor optional
Processor Intel
• Intel386 SL
– Clock Speed: 20 MHz (4,21 MIPS), 20 MHz
(5,3 MIPS)
– Internal Architecture: 32 bits
– External Bus width: 16 bits
– Addressable Memory: 4 Gigabytes
– 855.000 transistor (1 micron)
– Didisain untuk komputer portable
Processor Intel
• Intel486 SX
– Clock Speed 16 MHz (13 MIPS), 20 MHz
(16,5 MIPS), 25 MHz (20 MIPS), 33 MHz (27
MIPS)
– Bus width: 32 bits
– Addressable Memory: 4 Gigabytes
– 1.185.000 transistor (1 micron)
– Tanpa Math coprocesor
Processor Intel
• Intel486 DX
– Clock Speed 15 MHz (20 MIPS), 33 MHz (27
MIPS), 50 MHz (41 MIPS)
– Bus width: 32 bits
– Addressable Memory: 4 Gigabytes
– 1.200.000 transistor (1 micron)
– Math coprocesor terintegrasi
Processor Intel
• Intel486 DX2
– Clock Speed: 50 MHz (41 MIPS), 66 MHz (54
MIPS)
– Bus width: 32 bits
– Addressable Memory: 4 Gigabytes
– 1.200.000 transistor (1 micron)
– Math coprocesor terintegrasi
– Menggunakan teknologi “Speed doubler”
dimana processor bekerja dalam 2 kali
kecepatan bus
Processor Intel
• Intel486 SL
– Clock Speed 20 MHz (15,4 MIPS), 25 MHz
(19 MIPS), 33 MHz (27 MIPS)
– Bus width: 32 bits
– Addressable Memory: 64 Megabytes
– 1.400.000 transistor (1 micron)
– Tanpa Math coprocesor
– Didisain untuk portable (notebook)
Processor Intel
• Pentium 60 & 66
– Clock Speed 60 MHz (100 MIPS), 66 MHz
(112 MIPS)
– Bus width: 64 bits external data bus, 32 nits
address bus
– Addressable Memory: 4 Gigabytes
– 3.100.000 transistor (0,8 micron)
– 273 pin (PGA)
Processor Intel
• Pentium 90, 100, 120
– Clock Speed 90 MHz (149.8 MIPS), 100 MHz
(166,3 MIPS), 120 MHz (203 MIPS)
– Bus width: 64 bits external data bus, 32 bits
address bus
– Addressable Memory: 4 Gigabytes
– 3.200.000 transistor (0,6 micron)
– 296 pin (PGA)
Processor Intel
• Pentium 133, 150, 166, 200
– Clock Speed 133 MHz (218,9 MIPS), 150
MHz, 166 MHz, 200 MHz
– Bus width: 64 bits external data bus, 32 bits
address bus
– Addressable Memory: 4 Gigabytes
– 3.300.000 transistor (0,35 micron)
– 296 pin (PGA)
Processor Intel
• Pentium 166, 200, 233 with MMX
– Clock Speed 200 MHz, 233 MHz
– Bus width: 64 bits external data bus, 32 bits
address bus
– Addressable Memory: 4 Gigabytes
– 4.500.000 transistor (0,35 micron)
– 296 pin (PPGA)
Processor Intel
• Pentium Pro 150, 166, 180, 200
– Clock Speed 150 MHz, 166 MHz, 180 MHz,
200 MHz
– Integrated 256K - 512K L1-Cache
– Bus width: 64 bits to L1-Cache
– Addressable Memory: 64 Gigabytes
– 5.500.000 transistor (0,35 micron)
– 387 pin (DCPGA)
Processor Intel
• Intel Celeron
– Clock Speed 266 MHz, 300 MHz
– Bus width: 64 bits system bus
– Bus speed: 66 Mhz
– Addressable Memory: 4 Gigabytes
– 7.500.000 transistor (0,25 micron)
– 242 pin (SEPP)
Processor Intel
• Intel Celeron 333
– Clock Speed 333 MHz
– Bus width: 64 bits system bus
– Bus speed: 66 Mhz
– Addressable Memory: 4 Gigabytes
– 19.000.000 transistor (0,25 micron)
– 242 pin (SEPP)
Processor Intel
• Intel Celeron
– Clock Speed: 366 MHz, 400 MHz, 433 MHz,
466 MHz, 500 Mhz, 533 MHz
– Bus width: 64 bits system bus
– Bus speed: 66 Mhz
– Addressable Memory: 4 Gigabytes
– 19.000.000 transistor (0,25 micron)
– 370 pin (PPGA), 242 pin (SEPP)
Processor Intel
• Intel Celeron
– Clock Speed: 566 MHz, 600 MHz, 633 MHz,
667 MHz, 700 Mhz, 733 MHz, 1 GHz, 1.1
GHz
– 128 KB L1-Cache
– Bus speed: 100 Mhz
– Addressable Memory: 4 Gigabytes
– 19.000.000 transistor (0,25 micron)
– FCPGA
Processor Intel
• Pentium II
– Clock Speed: 333 MHz, 350 MHz, 400 MHz
450 MHz
– 512 KB L1-Cache dengan ECC
– Bus speed: 100 Mhz
– Addressable Memory: 64 Gigabytes
– 7.500.000 transistor (0,25 micron)
– 242 pin (SEC)
Processor Intel
• Pentium II Xeon
– Clock Speed: 400 MHz 450 MHz
– 512 KB, 1 MB, dan 2 MB L1-Cache
– Bus speed: 100 Mhz
– Addressable Memory: 64 Gigabytes
– 7.500.000 transistor (0,25 micron)
– 242 pin (SEC)
– Didisain untuk server
Processor Intel
• Pentium !!!
– Clock Speed: 450 MHz, 500 MHz, 533 MHz,
550 MHz, 600 MHz, 650 MHz, 667 MHz, 700
MHz, 733 MHz, 866/850 MHz, 933 MHz, 1.0
GHz
– 256 KB L1-Cache
– Bus speed: 100 Mhz dan 133 MHz
– Addressable Memory: 64 Gigabytes
– 28.000.000 transistor (0,18 micron)
– FCPGA
Processor Intel
• Pentium 4
– Clock Speed:
• 533MHz system bus: 2.80 GHz, 2.66 GHz, 2.53 GHz,
2.40B GHz, 2.26 GHz
• 400MHz system bus: 2.60 GHz, 2.50 GHz, 2.40 GHz,
2.20 GHz, 2A GHz, 2 GHz, 1.90 GHz, 1.80 GHz, 1.70
GHz
– Hyper Pipelining
– Rapid execution engine
– Streaming SIMD Extentions 2
– Enhanced floating point/multimedia
• http://www4.tomshardware.com/cpu/00q4/001120/index.html