Transcript History of Photography

History of photography
1826
• Frenchman Nice’phore Nie’pce produces first
permanent photograph of a view from nature.
Uses the photosensitivity of bitumen of Judea.
1829
• Frenchman Jacques Louis Mande Daguerre
and Nicephore Niepce sign partnership
agreement to work on perfecting
photography.
1839
• January: Englishman William Henry Fox Talbot
presents to the Royal Society of London a
paper on photogenic drawing, permanent
camera obscura images made with
photosensitive silver salt on paper.
1839
• August: Noted French scientist Francois Arago,
with Daguerre, announces the details of the
first commercially practical photographic
process, the daguerreotype, before a joint
session of the French Academies of Science
and Fine Arts. A sharp mirror- like image on a
silver copper plate, the daguerreotype exploits
a photosensitive latent image that is
developed with mercury. The direct positive
images start a craze of popular interest.
1841
• Talbot parents the calotype, a negativepositive process on paper that employs the
latent image develop by gallic acid.
1839
• March: American Samuel F.B Morse, in Paris to
promote his telegraph, meets with Daguerre
and returns to New York to teach the process.
Among his pupils is noted Photographer
Matthew Brady.
1850
• English Frederick Scott Archer coats glass
plates with sticky wet collodion with silver
salts.
1850
• Frenchman Louis- Desire Blanquart-Evrard
makes positive photograpic prints on paper
coated with albumen (egg whites).
1851
• From 1851-1854, ambrotypes are introduced
in Europe and U.S and used in the 1850’s.
these wet collodion images are direct positive
by blackening the back of the glass plate and
like daguerreotypes are carried in plastic
cases. Replaced with wet collodion negative
and positive paper prints that dominate
photography next 25years.
1854
• July 12: George Eastman is born in Waterville,
New York.
1860
• February 27,1860: Matthew Brady takes a
photographic portrait of Abraham Lincoln in
New York.
1861
• In London, James Clark Maxwell demonstrates
a projected color photographic image, using
three different color filters.
1871
• Englishman Richard L. Maddox discloses the
gelatin dry-plate process for photography.
Commercial exploitation begins in 1878
1873
• John Wesley Hyatt trademarks the name
“celluloid” in U.S and great Britain.
1877
• August: American Eadweard Muybridge
develops a fast shutter that aids him in making
photographs of objects in motion.
1877
• George Eastman prepares to travel to Santo
Domingo to speculate on land. To document
his findings he begins study of photography.
1878
• Among numerous English photographers,
Charles Bennett improves gelatin dry plate
photography, increasing the photosensitive of
the silver salted gelatin emulsion (hence
photographs take less exposure time).
Eastman sees the report in the “British
journal of photography.”
1880
• April: George Eastman patents “a method and
apparatus for coating plates for use in
photography.”
• April: George Eastman sets up a photographic
dry-plate production shop in Rochester.
1881
• January: Henry Strong begins to invest in the
Eastman Dry Plate company, becoming
president. George Eastman is treasurer.
1881
• September 5: George Eastman resigns from
his position at the Rochester Savings bank.
Etienne- Jules Marey invents a repeating
camera that records multiple images on the
same plate.
1885
• May 5: George Eastman and William Walker
receive patent for the Eastman- Walker Roll
Holder, a device that advances film for
cameras to which it it attached. Soon
afterwards , Eastman Walker to England head
to his London office.