Transcript Chapter 15 - The News Media

Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman
Chapter 15
The News Media
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman
Chapter Outline and Learning
Objectives
Roots of the News Media in the United
States
LO 15.1: Trace the historical development
of the news media in the United States.
Current News Media Trends
LO 15.2: Characterize four major trends in
the news media today.
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Chapter Outline and Learning
Objectives
Rules Governing the News Media
LO 15.3: Summarize the ethical standards
and federal regulations that govern the
news media.
How the News Media Cover Politics
LO 15.4: Assess how the news media cover
politics.
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Chapter Outline and Learning
Objectives
Toward Reform: News Media Influence,
News Media Bias, and Public
Confidence
LO 15.5: Evaluate the influence of the news
media on public policy and the impact of
media bias.
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Roots of the News Media in the United
States
LO 15.1: Trace the historical development of the news media in the
United States.
•
•
Where do people get their news?
Mass media includes
–
–
–
–
–
Print sources
Movies
Radio
Television
New Media
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To Learning Objectives
LO 15.1
Print Media
•
•
•
•
Early partisan press
Penny press
Yellow Journalism
Muckraking
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LO 15.1
Radio News
•
•
FDR’s fireside chats
Today
–
–
AM Talk—conservative dominance
Liberals: National Public Radio
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LO 15.1
Television News
•
•
•
Network News
Cable News: CSPAN
Comedy News:
SNL, the Daily
Show, the Colbert
Report
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LO 15.1
New Media
•
•
The Internet
Blogs
–
•
Redstate.org, dailykos.com
Social networking sites
–
Facebook, Twitter
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To Learning Objectives
Today most Americans get their news
from _____.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
LO 15.1
Cable TV
the Internet
Radio
Local TV
Newspapers
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Today most Americans get their news
from _____.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
LO 15.1
Cable TV
the Internet
Radio
Local TV
Newspapers
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Current News Media Trends
LO 15.2: Characterize four major trends in the news media today.
•
Consolidation of
privately-owned media
–
•
Top 10 media chains
account for more than
50% of daily circulation
Concerns
–
–
Market pressures
Control of the flow of
information
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LO 15.2
Narrowcasting
•
Fierce competition to attract viewers
and the rise of cable and satellite
television have led media outlets to
move toward narrowcasting
–
–
–
–
Fox News versus MSNBC
Spanish-language news programs on
stations such as Univision and Telemundo
Black Entertainment Television
Pat Robertson’s Christian Broadcasting
Network
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LO 15.2
Increasing Use of Experts
•
•
•
•
Most journalists not specialize
Increasingly rely on experts
How objective are these experts?
How does party affiliation of the
journalists affect citizens’ news
sources?
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LO 15.2
Citizen Journalists
•
The rise of citizen journalists
–
–
•
•
Internet
Traditional media
Pro: Democratization
Con: Untrained in rules and standards
of journalism
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To Learning Objectives
The top 10 media chains account for
approximately ___% of daily circulated
newspapers.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
LO 15.2
30
10
50
70
90
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The top 10 media chains account for
approximately ___% of daily circulated
newspapers.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
LO 15.2
30
10
50
70
90
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Rules Governing the News Media
LO 15.3: Summarize the ethical standards and federal regulations
that govern the news media.
Journalistic Standards
• Dealing with sources
–
–
•
•
On the record
Off the record
Getting a story right v.
getting a story first
Ombudsmen
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LO 15.3
Journalistic Standards
•
•
•
On or off the record
On background
Deep background
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LO 15.3
Government Regulations
•
•
Prior restraint
Media ownership
–
–
•
Telecommunications Act of 1996
Federal Communications Commission
Content regulations
–
Equal time rule
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To Learning Objectives
The Supreme Court case NY Times v. U.S.
(1971) concerning the publication of the
Pentagon Papers affirmed the principle of
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
LO 15.3
media ownership.
content regulation.
the equal time rule.
prior restraint.
protection of unnamed sources.
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To Learning Objectives
The Supreme Court case NY Times v. U.S.
(1971) concerning the publication of the
Pentagon Papers affirmed the principle of
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
LO 15.3
media ownership.
content regulation.
the equal time rule.
prior restraint.
protection of unnamed sources.
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How the News Media Cover Politics
LO 15.4: Assess how the news media cover politics.
•
How the Press and Public Figures Interact
–
–
•
Covering the Presidency
–
–
•
•
Press releases
Press briefings and press conferences
Receives the most media attention
The press secretary
Covering Congress
Covering the Supreme Court
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The White House Press Secretary:
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
LO 15.4
delivers daily briefings to the press.
answers the phone for the president.
is really more like an administrative assistant.
is elected by the national press core to
represent their interests.
is required to bring coffee and cookies to
meetings the president has.
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To Learning Objectives
The White House Press Secretary:
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
LO 15.4
delivers daily briefings to the press.
answers the phone for the president.
is really more like an administrative assistant.
is elected by the national press core to
represent their interests.
is required to bring coffee and cookies to
meetings the president has.
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman
To Learning Objectives
Toward Reform: News Media Influence,
News Media Bias, and Public Confidence
LO 15.5: Evaluate the influence of the news media on public policy and
the impact of media bias.
News Media Influence on public opinion
• Sway people who lack a strong opinion
• Bring attention to issues removed from daily
lives
• Agenda setting
• Framing
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LO 15.5
News Media Bias
•
Media bias unavoidable--journalists
are human.
–
–
–
•
Media generally thought to be liberal.
Prefer good stories over issue analysis.
Can be charmed by interesting personalities.
Public confidence
–
–
Accepted as an authoritative source
But Pew Research Center Poll: 63 percent
believed the press was often inaccurate
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LO 15.6
The process by which a news organization
defines a political issue and consequently
affects opinion about the issue is called
_________.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
framing
agenda setting
media effects
crossfire
ideological promotion
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To Learning Objectives
LO 15.6
The process by which a news organization
defines a political issue and consequently
affects opinion about the issue is called
_________.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
framing
agenda setting
media effects
crossfire
ideological promotion
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman
To Learning Objectives
Figure 15.1: Where do Americans get their
news?
Back
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Table 15.1: How does party affiliation affect
citizens’ news sources?
Back
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To Learning Objectives