Transcript Composting & Vermicomposting - Sustainable Sanitation and Water

Composting & Vermicomposting
Martin Wafler, seecon international gmbh
Composting & Vermicomposting
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Composting & Vermicomposting
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Contents
1. Composting
2. Vermicomposting
3. Applicability
4. Advantages and disadvantages
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Composting
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1. Composting
Why composting?
• about 70 % of municipal waste is normally organic
• organic waste can cause problems of smell, leachate, gas, and stray
animals in landfills
• recycling at source is most economic and environment friendly method
of waste management
• simple methods available
• compost is valuable resource for farmers
• composting at source keeps inorganic waste clean and makes it easier
for recycling
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1. Composting
Concept
• process of decomposition of organic
waste by micro-organism
• natural process (be made faster and
more effective by mixing various types
of waste and adjusting moisture,
temperature and aeration)
• contains NPK and other plant nutrients
including micro-organisms
steps of composting:
• prepaeration (converting waste into
raw material)
• production of compost
• marketing
Source: adapted from ENPHO
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1. Composting
Preparation
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waste collection
sorting into organic and inorganic
reduce size if necessary
adjust moisture content
starters/additives
adjust C:N ratio
Source: adapted from ENPHO
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1. Composting
C/N-ratio in various substrates
Source: adapted from ENPHO
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1. Composting
Compost preparation
• place prepared waste in piles, windrows, chamber or bins
• turn the compost regularly or arrange other ways to aerate the waste
• regularly monitor temperature & moisture
Source: adapted from ENPHO
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1. Composting
Temperature during composting process
Source: adapted from ENPHO
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1. Composting
Finishing & Marketing
• screening & packaging
• marketing strategy
◦ product
- quality
- packaging
◦ price
- main distributor
- Consumer
◦ place
- distribution network
◦ promotion
- mass communication
- interpersonal communication
Source: adapted from ENPHO
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1. Composting
Home composting options
Source: adapted from ENPHO
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1. Composting
Composting at community & municipal level
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1. Composting
Important points to remember
• separate waste at source. Glass in the waste can
result in injuries
• ensure proper C/N-ratio & chop waste in small pieces
• ensure proper amount of water and air to avoid smell
• prepare and implement proper marketing strategy
(most compost projects fail because of poor
marketing)
• regularly monitor composting process
Source: adapted from ENPHO
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Vermicomposting
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2. Vermicomposting
Concept
Source: http://www.yelmworms.com/_images/vermicomposting.gif
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2. Vermicomposting
How to do at home
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prepare vessel or bin
add 2 inches (5 cm) of bedding materials
add worms
cut waste into small pieces and put in the bin
keep bin covered with a moist cloth
put bin away from direct sunlight
regularly check moisture
harvest vermicompost every 3 to 4 months
store harvested compost for 2-3 weeks and then
remove the young worms
Source: adapted from ENPHO
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3. Applicability
Composting & vermicomposting
• at source management of wet organic waste at household, community,
and/or city level
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4. Advantages and disadvantages
Composting
Advantages:
Disadvantages:
•recycling at source
•waste segregation required
•economic and environment
friendly waste management
•simple methods available
•compost is valuable resource for
gardeners/farmers
Vermicomposting
Advantages:
Disadvantages:
•see above
•maintain proper environmental
conditions for worms
•selling of worms
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