Transcript Session-1-PowerPoint-Back-Care-Basics-FINAL

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•
Introductions
Housekeeping items
Washrooms
Refreshment breaks
• Overview of lab style
Discuss
Demonstrate
Do
1
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•
•
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Explains the principles
of good body
mechanics
Demonstrates back
care knowledge and
injury prevention
techniques
Describes guidelines
for footwear, clothing
and safety
Demonstrates assisted
walking using transfer
belt, safely.
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•
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Demonstrates pivot
transfers
Identifies core
strengthening
exercises using center
of gravity principles
Demonstrates position
principles when
assisting students
Discusses ways to
prevent injuries
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Musculoskeletal injuries (MSI) account for
approximately 30% of all lost time injuries to
workers in British Columbia.
(http://www2.worksafebc.com/Topics/Ergonomics/MSIPreventionProcess.asp )
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Patient handling is
the top cause of
injury among
healthcare
workers.
Care workers
who manually
transfer or
reposition
patients are at
significant risk of
musculoskeletal
injuries
Causes of back
injury
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•
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Improper lifting
Poor posture
Overexertion
Slips and falls
Excessive weight
Lack of exercise
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

Education
Identify risk factors:

Understand steps to prevention of injury:
◦ Lifting, reaching, overexertion, pushing, pulling, kneeling,
repetitive movements, unexpected movements of students,
leaning…
◦ Ask for help
◦ Use your professionals (Occupational Therapists-OT,
Physiotherapists-PT, NSS Coordinators-Nurses)
◦ Work Safe BC
(http://www2.worksafebc.com/Topics/Ergonomics/Resource
s-General.asp )
◦ Free PDF files that include:
1.Understanding the Risks of Musculoskeletal Injury
(MSI): An Educational Guide for Workers, on
Sprains, Strains, and Other MSIs BK78
2.Back Talk: An Owner's Manual for Backs BK4
5
Prepare the setting and equipment before
starting any lift or move.
• Encourage student to assist as much as possible!
• Use good posture:
•
– Feet apart (wide base of support) or walking stance.
– Keep back straight, bend with your knees.
– Keep your chin tucked in.
– Elbows slightly bent, at your sides, closest to your
body.
•
Your shoes must have adequate support with
non-slip soles:
– No sandals, no open toe shoes, no heels.
6
Group Discussion
Consider the following questions:
• Jewelry concerns? Risk to student?
Yourself?
• What is appropriate clothing?
• Why is this important in back care?
• What things need to be considered
when dressing for work?
• Are student age and gender factors?
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Disc Protrusion Video
WorkSafeBC
http://www2.worksafebc.com/Publications/
Multimedia/Videos.asp?ReportID=35330
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Pelvic tilt principle Activity
Sitting to Stand
4. Assist person into
sitting position
2. Standing to Sitting
1.
What happens to your
body during this? How
do you sit?
• Think arms, thighs,
shoulders, abdomen,
pelvis, back, knees
Now try both without
using your arms
• What happened?
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3.
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Have your partner
discuss their comfort
level. Where were
their knees? Buttocks?
Shoulders?
Review the body
mechanics of sitting to
stand and stand to sit.
Discuss point of ‘no
return’ when sliding
forward on chair.
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Hold weight close to your body.
Use your legs and thigh muscles, as they
are stronger than arms and trunk.
Avoid twisting of trunk, use pivot or
step motion.
Use momentum, gravity and mechanical
devices.
Use both hands to avoid twisting.
Palm up grip gives stronger movement.
ASK for ASSISTANCE if weight is too
heavy, don’t be intimidated!
Co-ordinate move by saying, “1-2-3 Lift”
(ensure you discuss with partner,
BEFORE move/lift).
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Core Strengthening
Pelvic Floor
Muscles
•
Kegel exercises
strengthen the
pelvic floor
Warm-up exercises
•
Abdominal Wall


Strengthen the
oblique's (side
abdominal muscles)
Upper and lower
abdominal exercise
Quadriceps/Back


Wall squats with
good back posture
Leg lifts and arm
raises
Not warming up
before stretching
leaves your back
susceptible to injuries.
Warm muscles are
more flexible than
cold muscles and are
less likely to tear.
Balancing Exercises
•
also help to
strengthen the core
muscles (back. abs,
hips and buttocks),
which are used in
balancing.
http://www.bigbackpain.com/back_exercises.ht
ml#backstrengtheningexercises
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Used When:
• Student is able to bear weight.
• Rehabilitation therapist (OT, PT) has
determined student is safe to transfer.
• EA can safely manage pivot, after considering
height and weight of self and height and weight
of student.
• Student is able to participate in transfer.
*NOTE: This is a pivot, not a LIFT of the
student, if the student requires lifting then
alternative mechanical device is required*
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 Discuss
principle of pivot transfer
 DEMONSTRATE
 BREAK INTO GROUPS OF TWO
 PRACTICE
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1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
EA ensures safety of area
EA explains transfer to
student
EA ensures brakes are on (if
Face student with hips and
knees slightly bent
10. Unlock safety belt (if used)
11. Block student’s knees and
feet if required
wheelchair or mobile chair)
12. Lean student forward from
Position chair parallel to
the hips
toilet (or alternate chair)
13. Grasp transfer belt with
both hands at students
Remove footrests (if applicable)
waist
Position transfer belt
14. Count 1-2-3 STAND.
securely
15. Pivot student towards
Position students arms
destination, slowly
around EA’s waist (not your 16. Lean student’s shoulders
neck area)
slightly forward while
lowering hips to the chair
Ensure students feet are on
or toilet.
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floor
9.
Used When:
 Student can take steps.
 Student requires assistance for safety.
 Rehabilitation therapist (PT, OT) has
assessed and approved the safety of
assisted walking.
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DEMONSTRATE
 BREAK INTO GROUPS OF TWO
 PRACTICE ASSISTED WALKING
 PRACTICE SLIDE TO GROUND (FALL)

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1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Ensure area is free of
obstacles
Ensure enough space
for two people
Apply transfer belt
securely to student
Ensure student’s feet
are firmly on floor
Ensure student is aware
of movements and is
ready
Grasp transfer belt at
waist
Count 1-2-3 STAND
8. Assist student to
standing position
9. Maintain firm grasp on
transfer belt at back
and side position
10. Slowly walk with
student, EA is slightly
behind supporting self
in walking stance (one
foot forward) to ensure
good center of gravity
7.
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Points to remember during assisted walking:
• Ensure a good center of balance for EA at all
times.
• DO NOT ATTEMPT TO CATCH A FALLING
STUDENT!
• If you can:
– Place your body behind the student, place your arms
around their torso, pull them closer to your center.
– Widen your base of support by placing one foot
behind the other.
– Allow the student to slide down your body toward the
floor.
– As they slide down, gently lower them to the floor.
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•
ABC’s
– Alignment = Good posture
• Proper alignment is necessary to ensure no excess
strain on joints and muscles.
– Balance
• Holding your center of gravity, close to your base of
support.
• Moving your feet further apart, increases your base.
– Coordinated body movement
• using your weight to help with movement. (often
the momentum, rocking that gets you going!)
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REMEMBER
It is up to you to identify the risk factors
and request help to prevent risk to YOU
and YOUR student
Don’t be afraid to ask for help!
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