Transcript 內生變數

International Labor Mobility
 International Labor Movement
• Suppose that workers are able to move between the
two countries.
– Home workers would like to move to Foreign until the
marginal product of labor is the same in the two
countries.
– This movement will reduce the Home labor force and thus
raise the real wage in Home.
– This movement will increase the Foreign labor force and
reduce the real wage in Foreign.
Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc.
Slide 7-1
學習經濟模型五步驟
模型目的。
內生變數：決定模型兩軸。
內生變數
行為法則：畫出模型曲線。
均衡：決定均衡之內生變數。
外生衝擊
• 判斷是否為外生變數改變？
• 判斷此外生變數之改變將影響哪些行為法則？
• 判斷此外生變數之改變造成行為法則何種影響？
Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc.
Slide 7-2
International Labor Mobility
MPL*
MPL
O
Home
employment
Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc.
Foreign
O*
employment
Slide 7-3
學習經濟模型五步驟
模型目的。
內生變數：決定模型兩軸。
行為法則：畫出模型曲線。
行為法則
均衡：決定均衡之內生變數。
外生衝擊
• 判斷是否為外生變數改變？
• 判斷此外生變數之改變將影響哪些行為法則？
• 判斷此外生變數之改變造成行為法則何種影響？
Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc.
Slide 7-4
International Labor Mobility
Figure 7-3: Causes and Effects of International Labor Mobility
MPL
MPL*
Marginal product
of labor
W*
P
B
C
W
P
MPL
MPL*
O
Home
employment
Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc.
L1
Foreign
O*
employment
Total world labor force
Slide 7-5
International Labor Mobility
Figure 7-3: Causes and Effects of International Labor Mobility
MPL
MPL*
Marginal product
of labor
F’s rents
H’s rents
B
C
MPL
H’s wages
F’s wages
MPL*
O
Home
employment
Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc.
L1
Foreign
O*
employment
Total world labor force
Slide 7-6
學習經濟模型五步驟
模型目的。
內生變數：決定模型兩軸。
行為法則：畫出模型曲線。
均衡：決定均衡之內生變數。
均衡
外生衝擊
• 判斷是否為外生變數改變？
• 判斷此外生變數之改變將影響哪些行為法則？
• 判斷此外生變數之改變造成行為法則何種影響？
Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc.
Slide 7-7
International Labor Mobility
Figure 7-3: Causes and Effects of International Labor Mobility
MPL
MPL*
Marginal product
of labor
B
A
C
MPL
MPL*
O
Home
employment
L2
L1
Foreign
O*
employment
Migration of labor
from Home to Foreign
Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc.
Total world labor force
Slide 7-8
International Labor Mobility
Figure 7-3: Causes and Effects of International Labor Mobility
MPL
MPL*
Marginal product
of labor
F’s rents
H’s rents
A
B
C
MPL
H’s wages
F’s wages
MPL*
O
Home
employment
L2
L1
Foreign
O*
employment
Migration of labor
from Home to Foreign
Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc.
Total world labor force
Slide 7-9
International Labor Mobility
 The redistribution of the world’s labor force:
• Leads to a convergence of real wage rates
• Increases the world’s output as a whole
– F’s output rises , while H’s falls.
• Leaves some groups worse off
– This movement will reduce the Home labor force and
thus raise the real wage in Home.
– This movement will increase the Foreign labor force
and reduce the real wage in Foreign.
– Landowners in F benefit, but landowners in H are made
worse off.
Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc.
Slide 7-10