Transcript Implementing and Verifying Basic EIGRP for the Enterprise LAN
Implementing and Verifying Basic EIGRP for the Enterprise LAN Architecture
Implementing an EIGRP-Based Solution
© 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
ROUTE v1.0
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EIGRP Deployment
R1# interface FastEthernet0/0 ip address 172.16.1.1 255.255.255.0 !
interface Serial0/0/1 bandwidth 512 ip address 192.168.1.101 255.255.255.224
!
router eigrp 110 network 172.16.1.0 0.0.0.255
network 192.168.1.0
R2# interface FastEthernet0/0 ip address 172.17.2.2 255.255.255.0 !
interface Serial0/0/1 bandwidth 512 ip address 192.168.1.102 255.255.255.224
!
router eigrp 110 network 172.17.2.0 0.0.0.255
network 192.168.1.0
© 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
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Verifying EIGRP Neighbors
R1# show ip eigrp neighbors IP-EIGRP neighbors for process 110 H Address Interface Hold Uptime SRTT RTO Q Seq (sec) (ms) Cnt Num 0 192.168.1.102 Se0/0/1 10 00:07:22 10 2280 0 5 R2# show ip eigrp neighbors IP-EIGRP neighbors for process 110 H Address Interface Hold Uptime SRTT RTO Q Seq (sec) (ms) Cnt Num 0 192.168.1.101
Se0/0/1 10 00:17:02 10 1380 0 5
© 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
ROUTE v1.0
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Verifying EIGRP Neighbors (Cont.)
R1# show ip eigrp neighbors IP-EIGRP neighbors for process 110 H Address Interface Hold Uptime SRTT RTO Q Seq (sec) (ms) Cnt Num 0 192.168.1.102 Se0/0/1 10 00:07:22 10 2280 0 5
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1.
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© 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
Neighbor index Neighbor IP address Interface on which the neighbor is reachable Remaining hold time Neighbor uptime Smooth round-trip time Retransmission timeout Number of packets to send to neighbor Last sequence received ROUTE v1.0
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Verifying EIGRP Neighbors (Cont.)
Total retransmission count Current retry count
R1# show ip eigrp neighbors detail IP-EIGRP neighbors for process 110 H Address Interface Hold Uptime SRTT RTO Q Seq (sec) (ms) Cnt Num 0 192.168.1.102 Se0/0/1 14 00:17:55 0 4500 3 274 Last startup serial 569 Version 12.4/1.0, Retrans: 2, Retries: 2, Waiting for Init Ack UPDATE seq 307 ser 29-569 Sent 8924 Init Sequenced UPDATE seq 310 ser 570-573 Sequenced UPDATE seq 312 ser 574-578 Sequenced
Neighbor version of Cisco IOS Current pending packets © 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
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Verifying EIGRP Routes
EIGRP route type Network AD / Metric Next hop Route age
R1# show ip route eigrp D 172.17.0.0/16 [90/40514560] via 192.168.1.102, 00:07:01, Serial0/0/1 172.16.0.0/16 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks D 172.16.0.0/16 is a summary, 00:05:13, Null0 192.168.1.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks D 192.168.1.0/24 is a summary, 00:05:13, Null0
© 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
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Verifying EIGRP Operation
R1# show ip protocols Routing Protocol is "eigrp 110" Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not set Incoming update filter list for all interfaces is not set Default networks flagged in outgoing updates Default networks accepted from incoming updates EIGRP metric weight K1=1, K2=0, K3=1, K4=0, K5=0 EIGRP maximum hopcount 100 EIGRP maximum metric variance 1 Redistributing: eigrp 110 EIGRP NSF-aware route hold timer is 240s
K values
Maximum path: 4 Routing for Networks: 172.16.1.0/24 192.168.1.0
Load-balancing setting
Routing Information Sources:
Networks being announced
Gateway Distance Last Update (this router) 90 00:09:38 Gateway Distance Last Update 192.168.1.102 90 00:09:40 Distance: internal 90 external 170
EIGRP local AD © 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
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Verifying EIGRP Operation (Cont.)
R1# show ip eigrp interfaces IP-EIGRP interfaces for process 110 Xmit Queue Mean Pacing Time Multicast Pending Interface Peers Un/Reliable SRTT Un/Reliable Flow Timer Routes Fa0/0 0 0/0 0 0/10 0 0 Se0/0/1 1 0/0 10 10/380 424 0
Peer count Route status Next hop
R1# show ip eigrp topology IP-EIGRP Topology Table for AS(110)/ID(192.168.1.101) Codes: P - Passive, A - Active, U - Update, Q - Query, R - Reply, r - reply Status, s - sia Status P 192.168.1.96/27, 1 successors, FD is 40512000 via Connected, Serial0/0/1 P 192.168.1.0/24, 1 successors, FD is 40512000 via Summary (40512000/0), Null0 P 172.16.0.0/16, 1 successors, FD is 28160 via Summary (28160/0), Null0 P 172.16.1.0/24, 1 successors, FD is 28160 via Connected, FastEthernet0/0 P 172.17.0.0/16, 1 successors, FD is 40514560
Feasible distance Advertised distance Outgoing interface
via 192.168.1.102 (40514560/28160), Serial0/0/1
© 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
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Verifying EIGRP Operation (Cont.)
R1# show ip eigrp traffic IP-EIGRP Traffic Statistics for AS 110 Hellos sent/received: 429/192 Updates sent/received: 4/4 Queries sent/received: 1/0 Replies sent/received: 0/1 Acks sent/received: 4/3 SIA-Queries sent/received: 0/0 SIA-Replies sent/received: 0/0 Hello Process ID: 113 PDM Process ID: 73
EIGRP packet counters
Input queue high water mark 1, 0 drops
© 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
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Using Passive Interfaces
EIGRP announces the directly connected network of an interface EIGRP does not try to form neighbor relationships over the interface where only the host is connected – Reduces traffic overhead No peer here
R1# router eigrp 110 passive-interface FastEthernet0/0 network 172.16.1.0 0.0.0.255
network 192.168.1.0
© 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
No peer here
R2# router eigrp 110 passive-interface FastEthernet0/0 network 172.17.2.0 0.0.0.255
network 192.168.1.0
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Using Passive Interfaces (Cont.)
No need to talk to host by EIGRP Disables EIGRP on all interfaces by default Enables EIGRP only on selected interfaces
R1(config)# router eigrp 110 passive-interface default no passive-interface Serial0/0/1 network 172.16.1.0 0.0.0.255
network 192.168.1.0
© 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
ROUTE v1.0
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Verify Operation with Passive Interfaces
R1# sh ip protocols Routing Protocol is "eigrp 110"
Passive Interface(s): FastEthernet0/0
© 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
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Using the ip default network Command with EIGRP
Default routes decrease the size of the routing table Multiple candidates: – 0.0.0.0 is statically set or advertised by the routing protocol – Any EIGRP major network route is flagged as a candidate default with the ip default-network command
EIGRP solution:
Flags network as a default route candidate Multiple default candidates supported – Announced with the Exterior flag © 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
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Using the ip default network Command with EIGRP (Cont.)
Flagging an external network as a default route candidate
R2# router eigrp 110 network 10.0.0.0
ip default-network 172.31.0.0
ip route 172.31.0.0 255.255.0.0 172.31.1.1
© 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
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Verifying Default Network Information
Flagged candidate Flagged candidate
R2# show ip route 0.0.0.0 via Serial0/0/0
C 172.31.1.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0/0/0 C 10.64.0.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0 R1# C show ip route
10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 7 subnets, 2 masks
© 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
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Route Summarization
Improves network scalability – Smaller routing tables – Fewer updates Should follow IP addressing © 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
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EIGRP Automatic Route Summarization
Performed on major network boundaries – Subnetworks are summarized to a single classful (major) network.
– Automatic summarization occurs by default.
Could result in routing issues —disable auto summarization © 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
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EIGRP Manual Route Summarization
Configurable on a per-interface basis in any router within a network.
Summarization results in a route pointing to null0.
– Loop prevention mechanism When the last specific route of the summary goes away, the summary is deleted.
The minimum metric of the specific routes = metric of the summary route.
© 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
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Configuring Route Summarization
Creating a summary route for 172.16.0.0/16
R1(config)# router eigrp 110 network 10.0.0.0
network 172.16.0.0
no auto-summary R2(config)# router eigrp 110 network 10.0.0.0
network 172.16.0.0
no auto-summary
© 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
R3(config)# interface Serial0/0/0 ip address 192.168.4.2 255.255.255.0
ip summary-address eigrp 110 172.16.0.0 255.255.0.0
!
router eigrp 110 network 10.0.0.0
network 192.168.4.0
no auto-summary
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Verifying Route Summarization
R3# show ip route
© 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
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Summary
EIGRP operation can be verified by examining the EIGRP neighbor relationship information and IP routing table for the presence of EIGRP routes.
The
neighbor
command can be used to form the EIGRP neighbor relationship with only specific neighbors using unicast packets.
EIGRP is, by default, enabled on all interfaces included with the
network
command. To prevent unnecessary traffic, interfaces without neighbors should be made passive.
© 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
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Summary (Cont.)
Create and advertise a default route in an EIGRP autonomous system with the
ip default-network network-numbe
r command.
EIGRP performs automatic network-boundary summarization, but administrators can disable automatic summarization and perform manual route summarization on an interface-by-interface basis. Summarizing routes results in smaller routing tables. For manual route summarization, the summary route is advertised only if a more specific entry of the summary route is present in the routing table.
© 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
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© 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
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