Transcript Nursing Care Everything an LPN/LVN Needs to Know and Do

Medical
Terminology
A Word-Building Approach
Jane Rice, RN, CMA-C
Chapter 1
Fundamental Word Structure
Medical Terminology, 6e
By Jane Rice
Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall
Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
Understanding Fundamental
Word Structure
• Medical Terminology is the study of terms that are used
in the art and science of medicine.
Medical Terminology, 6e
By Jane Rice
Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall
Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
Fundamentals of Word Structure
• The fundamental elements in medical terminology are
the component parts used to build medical words.
• The component parts used in this text are P for prefix,
R for root, CF for combining form, and S for suffix.
Medical Terminology, 6e
By Jane Rice
Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall
Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
Prefix
• Prefix means to fix before or to fix to the beginning of a
word.
• A prefix may be a syllable or a group of syllables placed
at the beginning of a word to alter or modify the
meaning of the word or to create a new word.
Medical Terminology, 6e
By Jane Rice
Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall
Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
Word Root
• A root is a word or word element from which other words
are formed.
• It is the foundation of the word and conveys the central
meaning of the word.
Medical Terminology, 6e
By Jane Rice
Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall
Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
Combining Form
• Combining Form is a word root to which a vowel has
been added to join the root to a second root or to a
suffix.
• The vowel “o” is the most common vowel used to make
combining forms.
Medical Terminology, 6e
By Jane Rice
Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall
Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
Suffix
• Suffix means to fasten on, beneath, or under.
• A suffix may be a syllable or group of syllables united
with or placed at the end of a word, to alter or modify
the meaning of the word, or to create a new word.
Medical Terminology, 6e
By Jane Rice
Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall
Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
Principles of Component Parts
• Most of the terms for the body's organs originated from
Latin words, whereas terms describing diseases that
affect these organs originated from the Greek.
• Many prefixes and suffixes have more than a single
definition, so one must learn to use the definition that
best describes the term.
Medical Terminology, 6e
By Jane Rice
Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall
Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
Identifying Medical Words
• Learn to distinguish between and select the
appropriate component parts for the meaning of
words.
Medical Terminology, 6e
By Jane Rice
Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall
Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
Spelling
• Medical words of Greek origin are often difficult to spell
because many begin with a silent letter or have a silent
letter within the word.
• Spelling of all medical words is extremely important
because the addition or omission of a single letter may
change the meaning of the word.
Medical Terminology, 6e
By Jane Rice
Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall
Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
Spelling
• The following guidelines are provided to help with the
identification and spelling of medical words:
– If the suffix begins with a vowel, drop the combining vowel from
the combining form and add the suffix.
– If the suffix begins with a consonant, keep the combining vowel
and add the suffix to the combining form.
– Keep the combining vowel between two or more roots in a term.
Medical Terminology, 6e
By Jane Rice
Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall
Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
Medical Terminology, 6e
By Jane Rice
Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall
Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
Medical Terminology, 6e
By Jane Rice
Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall
Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
Medical Terminology, 6e
By Jane Rice
Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall
Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
Medical Terminology, 6e
By Jane Rice
Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall
Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
Forming Plural Endings
• To change the singular endings to plural endings,
substitute the plural endings as follows:
a as in bursa
to ae as in bursae
ax as in thorax
to aces as in thoraces or es as
in thoraxes
en as in foramen
to ina as in foramina
is as in crisis
to es as in crises
Medical Terminology, 6e
By Jane Rice
Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall
Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
Forming Plural Endings
• To change the singular endings to plural endings,
substitute the plural endings as follows:
is as in iris
to ides as in irides
is as in femoris
to a as in femora
ix as in appendix
to ices as in appendices
nx as in phalanx
to ges as in phalanges
Medical Terminology, 6e
By Jane Rice
Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall
Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
Forming Plural Endings
• To change the singular endings to plural endings,
substitute the plural endings as follows:
on as in spermatozoon
to a as in spermatozoa
um as in ovum
to a as in ova
us as in nucleus
to i as in nuclei
y as in artery
to i and add es as in arteries
Medical Terminology, 6e
By Jane Rice
Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall
Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
Using Abbreviations
• An abbreviation is a process of shortening a word or
phrase into appropriate letters.
• It is used as a form of communication in writing and
documenting data.
Medical Terminology, 6e
By Jane Rice
Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall
Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
Pronunciation
• A single accent mark (') is called a primary accent. It is
used with a syllable that has the strongest stress.
• A double accent mark (") is called a secondary accent
and is given to syllables that are stressed less than
primary syllables.
Medical Terminology, 6e
By Jane Rice
Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall
Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
Pronunciation
• Diacritics are marks placed over or under vowels to
indicate the long or short sound of the vowel.
– Macron ( ¯ ) – the long sound of the vowel.
– Breve ( ŭ ) – the short sound of the vowel.
– Schwa ( ə ) – indicates the uncolored, central vowel sound of
most unstressed syllables.
Medical Terminology, 6e
By Jane Rice
Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall
Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
Building Your Medical
Vocabulary
• Medical Words and Definitions with Word Parts
• These terms (shown in black in the Building Your Medical
Vocabulary feature) can be analyzed and defined by
dividing them into component parts.
1. Prefixes (P)
2. Roots (R)
3. Combining Forms (CF)
4. Suffixes (S)
Medical Terminology, 6e
By Jane Rice
Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall
Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
Building Your Medical
Vocabulary
• Medical Words and Definitions without Word Parts
• These terms (shown in pink in the Building Your Medical
Vocabulary feature) are not usually analyzed and defined
by dividing them into component parts.
Medical Terminology, 6e
By Jane Rice
Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall
Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
Medical Terminology, 6e
By Jane Rice
Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall
Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
Medical Terminology, 6e
By Jane Rice
Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall
Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
Medical Terminology, 6e
By Jane Rice
Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall
Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
Medical Terminology, 6e
By Jane Rice
Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall
Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
Medical Terminology, 6e
By Jane Rice
Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall
Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
Medical Terminology, 6e
By Jane Rice
Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall
Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
Process of being stuck together is known as:
A. abate
B. abscess
C. adhesion
D. afferent
Medical Terminology, 6e
By Jane Rice
Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall
Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
Process of being stuck together is known as:
A. abate
B. abscess
C. adhesion
D. afferent
Medical Terminology, 6e
By Jane Rice
Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall
Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
A word element from which other words are
formed is called:
A. combining vowel
B. prefix
C. suffix
D. word root
Medical Terminology, 6e
By Jane Rice
Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall
Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
A word element from which other words are
formed is called:
A. combining vowel
B. prefix
C. suffix
D. word root
Medical Terminology, 6e
By Jane Rice
Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall
Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
Excision means the process of cutting out.
The prefix ex- means:
A. out
B. to cut
C. process
D. in
Medical Terminology, 6e
By Jane Rice
Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall
Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
Excision means the process of cutting out.
The prefix ex- means:
A. out
B. to cut
C. process
D. in
Medical Terminology, 6e
By Jane Rice
Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall
Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
The spreading process of cancer from one
area of the body to another area is known as:
A. abnormal
B. efferent
C. malignant
D. neopathy
Medical Terminology, 6e
By Jane Rice
Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall
Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
The spreading process of cancer from one
area of the body to another area is known as:
A. abnormal
B. efferent
C. malignant
D. neopathy
Medical Terminology, 6e
By Jane Rice
Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall
Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
Which branch of medicine is concerned with
diseases of the kidney?
A. Family Practice
B. Internal Medicine
C. Nephrology
D. Neurology
Medical Terminology, 6e
By Jane Rice
Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall
Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
Which branch of medicine is concerned with
diseases of the kidney?
A. Family Practice
B. Internal Medicine
C. Nephrology
D. Neurology
Medical Terminology, 6e
By Jane Rice
Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall
Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
Abate means to increase.
A. True
B. False
Medical Terminology, 6e
By Jane Rice
Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall
Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
Abate means to increase.
A. True
B. False
Medical Terminology, 6e
By Jane Rice
Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall
Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
The term for new disease is neopathy.
A. True
B. False
Medical Terminology, 6e
By Jane Rice
Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall
Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
The term for new disease is neopathy.
A. True
B. False
Medical Terminology, 6e
By Jane Rice
Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall
Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
A lack of color is called palmar.
A. True
B. False
Medical Terminology, 6e
By Jane Rice
Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall
Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
A lack of color is called palmar.
A. True
B. False
Medical Terminology, 6e
By Jane Rice
Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall
Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
The abbreviation for diagnosis is Dx.
A. True
B. False
Medical Terminology, 6e
By Jane Rice
Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall
Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
The abbreviation for diagnosis is Dx.
A. True
B. False
Medical Terminology, 6e
By Jane Rice
Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall
Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
An endocrinologist specializes in treating
diseases of an allergic nature.
A. True
B. False
Medical Terminology, 6e
By Jane Rice
Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall
Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
An endocrinologist specializes in treating
diseases of an allergic nature.
A. True
B. False
Medical Terminology, 6e
By Jane Rice
Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall
Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
The term prefix means to fix before or to fix to
the end of a word.
A. True
B. False
Medical Terminology, 6e
By Jane Rice
Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall
Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
The term prefix means to fix before or to fix to
the end of a word.
A. True
B. False
Medical Terminology, 6e
By Jane Rice
Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall
Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
Cachexia refers to a localized collection of
pus.
A. True
B. False
Medical Terminology, 6e
By Jane Rice
Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall
Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
Cachexia refers to a localized collection of
pus.
A. True
B. False
Medical Terminology, 6e
By Jane Rice
Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall
Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
Widespread occurrence of an infectious
disease is called an epidemic.
A. True
B. False
Medical Terminology, 6e
By Jane Rice
Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall
Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
Widespread occurrence of an infectious
disease is called an epidemic.
A. True
B. False
Medical Terminology, 6e
By Jane Rice
Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall
Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
The branch of medicine concerned with
diseases of the lungs is pulmonary medicine.
A. True
B. False
Medical Terminology, 6e
By Jane Rice
Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall
Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
The branch of medicine concerned with
diseases of the lungs is pulmonary medicine.
A. True
B. False
Medical Terminology, 6e
By Jane Rice
Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall
Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
A trauma surgeon would be responsible for
medical repair of traumatic injuries.
A. True
B. False
Medical Terminology, 6e
By Jane Rice
Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall
Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
A trauma surgeon would be responsible for
medical repair of traumatic injuries.
A. True
B. False
Medical Terminology, 6e
By Jane Rice
Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall
Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
Chapter 1 Scenario
You are currently working in a doctor’s office.
Most of the people your doctor sees are
overweight and are seeking help from your
doctor.
Medical Terminology, 6e
By Jane Rice
Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall
Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
What type of physician do you work for?
A. anesthesiologist
B. bariatrician
C. family practitioner
D. gastroenterologist
Medical Terminology, 6e
By Jane Rice
Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall
Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
What type of physician do you work for?
A. anesthesiologist
B. bariatrician
C. family practitioner
D. gastroenterologist
Medical Terminology, 6e
By Jane Rice
Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall
Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
What is not a primary concern of bariatrics?
A. controlling obesity
B. preventing obesity
C. stopping obesity
D. treatment of obesity
Medical Terminology, 6e
By Jane Rice
Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall
Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
What is not a primary concern of bariatrics?
A. controlling obesity
B. preventing obesity
C. stopping obesity
D. treatment of obesity
Medical Terminology, 6e
By Jane Rice
Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall
Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
The word root bar means
A. a bar
B. bar shaped
C. treatment
D. weight/pressure
Medical Terminology, 6e
By Jane Rice
Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall
Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
The word root bar means
A. a bar
B. bar shaped
C. treatment
D. weight/pressure
Medical Terminology, 6e
By Jane Rice
Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall
Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
In the word bariatrician, -ician is which word
part?
A. combining form
B. prefix
C. suffix
D. word root
Medical Terminology, 6e
By Jane Rice
Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall
Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
In the word bariatrician, -ician is which word
part?
A. combining form
B. prefix
C. suffix
D. word root
Medical Terminology, 6e
By Jane Rice
Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall
Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
In the word bariatrics, the word root iatr
means:
A. physician
B. one who
C. weight/pressure
D. treatment
Medical Terminology, 6e
By Jane Rice
Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall
Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
In the word bariatrics, the word root iatr
means:
A. physician
B. one who
C. weight/pressure
D. treatment
Medical Terminology, 6e
By Jane Rice
Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Pearson Prentice Hall
Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458