Key Stakeholders In Humanitarian Assistance
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Transcript Key Stakeholders In Humanitarian Assistance
Key Stakeholders In
Humanitarian Assistance
• Humanitarian Assistance refers the
assistance given to a group of people
during/affected by calamity or disaster.
• Emergencies have become more complex
and therefore skills to respond have also
become more complex.
Key Stakeholders cont..
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Major Humanitarian agencies:
ICRC
IFRC
MSF
Oxfam
Save the Children
Tearfund and many others in recent years
Key Stakeholders cont..
• Responsibilities of Humanitarian Agencies
is to provide:
• Shelter
• Food
• Water
• Health services
• Psychological/emotional needs
Key Stakeholders cont..
• The Humanitarian Charter governs the
Roles and responsibilities of Humanitarian
Assistance. The Charter is based on the
principles and provisions.
• The Humanitarian Charter governs the
Roles and responsibilities of Humanitarian
Assistance.
Key Stakeholders cont..
• The Charter is based on the principles and
provisions of:
• The International Humanitarian Law
• Refugee Law
• The code of conduct for the ICRC and the
Red Crescent Movement and the NGOs in
Disaster Relief
Key Stakeholders cont..
• The Charter describes the core principles that
govern humanitarian action and asserts the right to
populations to protection and assistance.
• It defines the legal responsibilities of states and
parties to guarantee the right to assistance and
protection
• When states are unable to respond, they are
obliged to allow interventions of humanitarian
organizations.
Key Stakeholders cont..
• Minimum Standards (SPHERE PROJECT)
• Provide guidelines on how to respond to the
needs of the affected in order to achieve
impact.
• Limitations of the Humanitarian Charter
and Minimum Standards:
• Political and security factors outside the
control of the humanitarian agencies
Key Stakeholders cont..
• The extent to which the agencies have access to
the affected population
• The availability of sufficient financial, human and
material resources is essential
• The cooperation of the authorities in charge, and
whether they can operate in conditions of
reasonable security.
• The Charter is a set of general principles and do
not attempt to deal with the whole spectrum
humanitarian concerns.
Principles of the humanitarian
Charter
1. The right of life with dignity reflected in:
• The right to an adequate standard of living
• Freedom from cruel, inhuman or degrading
treatment or punishment
• Not with holding or frustrating the provision
of life-saving assistance
Principles of the humanitarian
Charter
2. Non-combatants are entitled to immunity from
attack.
3. The principle of re-foulement. No refugee shall be
sent back to a country which is or his life or
freedom would be threatened
ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES
Those affected are entitled to protection and
assistance
Recognition and support the protection and
assistance mandates of the ICRC and UNHCR
under the control of the human agencies.
The SPHERE Project
• The minimum standards are based on
agencies experiences of providing
humanitarian assistance
• The achievement of the standards depends
on a large range of factors, many which
may be outside the control of the agencies.
The Sphere Project
• Started in 1997, born out of the of the
inconsistencies in disaster response and lack of
accountability
• Developed by the Steering Committee for Human
Response and InterAction. Red Crescent Networks
represent many hundreds of agencies committed to
improving in quality and accountability of
disaster response.
• SPHERE minimum standards have been
universally tested in various set ups.
The Sphere Project cont..
• Sphere is a consolidation of standards to enable
the agencies undertake their work in a more
professional, responsible and and accountable
manner
• Based on the Humanitarian Charter
• It covers:
_ water supply and sanitation,
- nutrition
– Food Aid, shelter and site planning
– Health services
The Sphere Project cont..
• The project is:
1. A Process: It gives guidelines on how to
implement assistance.
It gives the minimum levels to be attained in
each area of assistance
The key indicators that show that standards have
been attained.
2. Handbook: it provides guidance notes to include
practical guidance
3. Commitment: Reflects a legal and moral
commitment to adhere the standards
Minimum Standards in Nutrition
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Initial Assessment of nutritional situation
Response based on the causes of malnutrition
Monitoring and Evaluation
Community participation
General nutritional support for the population
Nutritional support to those suffering from
malnutrition
• Human resource capacity building and training
• Competence of staff
• Use of local capacity and skills