Transcript display - Edge - Rochester Institute of Technology

Sensory Awareness Trail
Project 06209
Tony Wong
Luke Hogan
Rich Adams
Chiedu Monu
Tim Mugwanya
Mission Statement
• To provide sensory stimulation by
implementing various sights and sounds
that incorporate physical presence of the
environment.
• Sponsor: Everybody Rides Program
located in Newark, NY
Background
• Everybody Rides is a non-profit therapeutic
•
horseback riding program that serves over 400
riders with developmental disabilities annually.
Uses Hippotherapy, or therapy on horseback.
A physical therapist and riding instructor work as
a team to provide exercises which positively
impact the rider's physical limitations.
Stakeholders
• People with Developmental Disabilities
• Employees and Volunteers of the
Everybody Rides program
• Maintenance Personnel
• Physical Therapists
Market
• Primary Market – Riders, trainers, and other
employees of the Everybody Rides Program.
• Secondary Market – Other therapeutic horseback
riding programs and sensory trails.
Needs Assessment
–
–
–
–
–
–
Stimulate the motor skills of participants.
Incorporate sensory stimulus for all participants
especially those who are visually-impaired.
Help participants understand their surroundings and
its features.
Projects shall require little maintenance and should
be easily accessible to maintenance crews.
All projects shall be safe for all ages and abilities.
The project component shall not cause a
disturbance to all users including humans as well as
horses on the trail.
Needs Assessment (cont.)
–
–
–
–
–
–
Any required electrical energy shall be generated on
site using a renewable power source.
All project components shall be weatherproof.
Constructed stations shall not be easily accessible to
small animals.
Project components shall not obstruct the preexisting trail.
Anything built shall look as natural as possible.
Develop a plan of unfinished projects for future
design groups to undertake.
Design Requirements
Mechanical
–
–
–
–
All projects require maintenance less than 3 times annually.
Electronics are enclosed in no less than one layer of weatherproofing.
All electronic enclosures are screwed shut.
All wood is pressure treated and/or sealed with water repellant.
Electrical
– No more than 300 mA on any circuits.
– All power sources must be renewable/rechargeable.
Aesthetics
– All installed objects are off of the beaten path in locations agreed upon
by Everybody Rides.
– All projects’ external parts are colors or materials found in nature.
Design Requirements (cont.)
Activity
– 1/3 of devices installed stimulate the motor skills of participants either
by using the device itself or by doing as it instructs.
– 100% of devices installed stimulate the sense of hearing when used
properly.
– If all devices are used on the trail:
• Sense of smell is stimulated at least once.
• Sense of touch is stimulated at least once.
• Sense of sight is stimulated beyond the normal level on the trail at least
–
Safety
–
–
–
–
once.
At least 4 narrative boxes highlight different aspects of the trail.
Any edges on devices are no sharper than anything found in nature.
Load bearing projects have a factor of safety of 2 or higher.
No device uses flashing lights.
Decibel levels of all installed devices, when used as instructed, do not
exceed 85.
– All open containers intended for storage (baskets, buckets, etc.) have
openings of 12” diameter or greater.
General
– Plan includes top 4 ideas not installed on the trail as agreed upon by
everybody rides.
QFD
QFD
Top Ranking Design Requirements
1.
Electronics are enclosed in no less than one layer of weather proofing
2.
Decibel levels are no more than 85
3.
No devices use flashing lights
4.
Load bearing objects have factor of safety of 2 or higher
5.
All wood is pressure treated and/or sealed with water repellant
Assessment of Existing Designs
CUSTOMER REQUIREMENTS
Everybody
Rides
SASOL Sensory
Trail
Blue Marsh
Lakes
Sensory Trail At Earth
Center
Alabama Sensory
Trail
1.
Develop plan for future groups
5
0
0
0
0
2.
Stimulate Motor Skills
5
5
3
3
7
3.
Incorporate Sensory Stimulus
7
7
7
7
5
4.
Help understand surroundings
3
10
7
3
3
5.
Require little maintenance
5
7
10
7
7
6.
All projects should be safe
10
7
7
7
7
7.
Projects should not cause
disturbance
7
7
7
5
7
8.
All energy renewable
7
0
1
0
0
9.
Weatherproof
7
7
10
10
5
10.
Not easily accessible to animals
5
0
1
3
5
11.
Not obstruct pre-existing trail
5
10
10
0
3
12.
Look natural
7
10
5
0
7
73
70
68
45
56
SUMMATIONS
List of Ideas
Name
Operation
Electrical box that informs uses about nature via
speakers
1
Narrative Audio Boxes
2
Talking Animal Silhouettes
3
Solar-powered fountain
4
Bridge
5
Bamboo Chimes
6
Squirrel Bird Station
Device mounted to a tree where users pull a rope
to move a squirrel up a track
7
Woodpecker
Wooden bird mounted to a tree where users pull a
rope to make it rock and hit the tree
8
Pine cone buckets
9
Hand-Powered Animals
Electrical Box that is used with animal silhouettes
to inform uses about different animals
Self powered fountain water fountain
Bridge that crosses stream to allow access to part
of the trail
Large chime where users strike bamboo to
produce sounds
Wicker baskets mounted on trees for users to
transport pine cones in and out of
Crank is moved by users to make animals hop up
and down
A wheel that users can turn to cause water to
splash
10
Water-wheel
11
Trotting Wheels
12
Map
Map at beginning of trail to allow users to know
where things are
13
Nature Scent Station
Station where air pump is hit to cause a smell to
be released
14
Squirting Fish
15
Ramp / Footprint Identifier
16
Feeling Boxes
Large wheel that is spun to cause noises of horse
hoofs
Fish are mounted on a post where users can make
water come out of their mouths
A ramp to climb where, at the top, a concrete
animal footprint identifier can be found
Boxes that contain different objects to touch like
fur or rocks
Feasibility
5 = most feasible, 1 = least feasible
Technical Feasibility
Group
Experience
Reference
Material
Tools
Average
Ranking
Pine Cone Buckets
5
5
5
5.00
Solar Powered Fountain
4
5
5
4.67
Feeling Boxes
4
4
5
4.33
Woodpecker
3
4
5
4.00
Squirrel Chase
3
4
5
4.00
Map
3
4
5
4.00
Bridge
2
5
5
4.00
Nature Scent Station
4
3
5
4.00
Hand Powered Animals
3
3
5
3.67
Bamboo Chimes
3
3
5
3.67
Water Wheel
2
3
5
3.33
Ramp to Footprint
2
3
5
3.33
Trotting Wheel
2
3
5
3.33
Squirting Fish
1
3
5
3.00
Talking Animal Silhouettes
1
3
3
2.33
Narrative Audio Boxes
1
3
3
2.33
Feasibility
5 = most feasible, 1 = least feasible
Schedule Feasibility (hours)
Analysis
Research
Installation
and
Construction
Solar Powered
Fountain
0.0
0.5
2.5
1.0
0.5
4.5
5
Pine Cone Buckets
0.5
1.0
2.5
1.0
0.0
5.0
5
Feeling Boxes
0.5
1.0
3.0
1.0
0.0
5.5
5
Squirrel Chase
3.0
3.0
5.0
1.0
0.5
12.5
4
Woodpecker
5.0
2.0
5.0
1.0
0.5
13.5
4
Hand Powered Animals
4.0
3.0
6.0
1.5
0.5
15.0
4
Squirting Fish
5.0
1.0
20.0
1.0
0.5
27.5
4
Nature Scent Station
5.0
1.0
20.0
1.0
0.5
27.5
4
Map
2.0
2.0
60.0
2.0
0.0
66.0
3
Bamboo Chimes
6.0
5.0
60.0
1.0
0.5
72.5
3
Ramp to Footprint
10.0
3.0
60.0
3.0
0.5
76.5
3
Water Wheel
10.0
3.0
60.0
3.0
1.0
77.0
3
Trotting Wheel
20.0
3.0
60.0
3.0
1.0
87.0
3
Bridge
100.0
50.0
100.0
20.0
1.0
271.0
2
Narrative Audio Box
100.0
100.0
60.0
100.0
2.0
362.0
1
Talking Animal
Silhouettes
100.0
100.0
65.0
100.0
2.0
367.0
1
Setbacks
Testing
Total
Hours
Ranking
Preference List
Concept
Preference
Narrative Audio Boxes
1
Talking Animal Silhouettes
2
Solar Powered Fountain
3
Bridge
4
Bamboo Chimes
5
Squirrel Chase
6
Woodpecker
7
Pine Cone Buckets
8
Hand Powered Animals
9
Water Wheel
10
Trotting Wheels
11
Map
12
Nature Scent Station
13
Squirting Fish
14
Ramp to Footprint
15
Feeling Boxes
16
Feasibility
5 = most feasible, 1 = least feasible
Economical Feasibility
Total Dollars
Ranking
Woodpecker
$12.92
5
Pine Cone Bucket
$19.94
5
Mechanical Animals
$32.02
4
Squirrel-Bird
$37.52
4
Solar Powered Fountain
$39.97
4
Bamboo Chimes
$224.72
2
Talking Animal Silhouettes
$386.18
1
Narrative Audio Boxes
$660.48
1
Bridge
$665.82
1
Selected Projects
Concept
Preference
Narrative Audio Boxes
1
Talking Animal Silhouettes
2
Solar Powered Fountain
3
Bridge
4
Bamboo Chimes
5
Pine Cone Buckets
8
Narrative Audio Boxes
• Operation: The hand-crank
powered speakers will highlight
exceptional nature specimens.
Needs Assessment
Playback Button
Narrative Audio
Boxes
Motor Skills
√
Stimulate Senses
√
Education of Surrounding
√
Little Maintenance
√
Safety
√
No Disturbances
√
Renewable Energy
√
Weatherproof
√
Animal Accessibility
√
No Obstructions
√
Natural Look
√
Speaker
Hand-crank
Generator Handle
Animal Silhouettes Station
• Operation: Informative audio clips
combine with animal silhouettes to
create a matching game
Needs Assessment
Animal Silhouette
Station
Motor Skills
√
Stimulate Senses
√
Education of
Surrounding
√
Little Maintenance
√
Safety
√
No Disturbances
√
Renewable Energy
√
Weatherproof
√
Animal Accessibility
√
No Obstructions
√
Natural Look
√
Audio Circuit Block Diagram
Input
Generator
Output
Rectifier/Regulator
Charge Circuit
Record/Playback Module
Amplifier
• 5V Regulator
(LM340/LM7800C)
• 2-Watt speaker with
8-ohm impedance
Operating Specifications
Hand-Crank Generator
ROUT (Ohms)
Power Amplifier
VOUT (V)
IOUT (A)
POUT (W)
10
3.63
0.36
1.3068
500
4.86
0.152
0.73872
1.00E+03
5.054
5.05E-03
0.02552
Standby
Current (A)
Output
Voltage (V)
Output
Current (A)
Output
Power (W)
0.03
5
0.3
1.5
Charging Circuit Challenge
• Rechargeable Battery
-Advantage: Very
Reliable and
convenient.
-Disadvantage: In
case of battery
leakage, internal
materials may be
hazardous to
environment.
• Capacitor
-Advantage: Stores
voltage over long
periods of time.
-Disadvantage:
Discharges very
rapidly on its own.
Recording Module
• One button is pushed down
•
Parameter
Typical
Max
Unit
Operation Voltage
5
6
V
Operation Current (no
load)
recording/playback
25
Standby Current
5
mA
10
uA
•
•
to record the message. The
LED turns on during this
time.
The other button just has to
be momentarily pressed to
replay the message.
All you have to add is the
speaker and 5V power.
Duration of Playback: 20 sec
Bamboo
Chimes
•
Operation: a giant bamboo chime,
that is struck by riders and walkers of
the trail, to create a melodic sound.
Needs Assessment
Bamboo Chime
Station
Motor Skills
√
Stimulate Senses
√
Education of Surrounding
Little Maintenance
√
Safety
√
No Disturbances
√
Renewable Energy
Weatherproof
√
Animal Accessibility
√
No Obstructions
√
Natural Look
√
Bamboo Chimes
Installation
• 4 ft. Frost Depth
• Anchored by Concrete
Bamboo Chimes
2” x 4”
FS: 69.6
FS: 19.3
Trail Bridge
• Operation: Horseback and walking
clients will be able to safely cross this
bridge where a creek intersects the
trail
Needs Assessment
Bridge
Motor Skills
Stimulate Senses
√
Education of
Surrounding
Little Maintenance
√
Safety
√
No Disturbances
√
Renewable Energy
Weatherproof
√
Animal
Accessibility
No Obstructions
√
Natural Look
√
Trail Bridge
PROPERTIES
Specific Gravity
@ 12%
(M1)
@ 20.9%
(M2)
0.4
0.3965
• Properties of Eastern
Modulus of
Rupture
8900 psi
8774 psi
•
Modulus of
Elasticity
1200 ksi
1177 ksi
Max Crushing
Strength
(Parallel)
5410 psi
5324 psi
Compression
Perpendicular
at
Proportional
Limit
650 psi
642 psi
Shear Strength
Parallel to
Grain
1060 psi
1051 psi
•
•
•
Hemlock
Relative Humidity ↑
Properties ↓
Worst Case Humidity:
88% in September
(www.weather.com)
Moisture Content: 21%
(from chart in The Wood
Handbook)
Properties were adjusted:
C 

P2  P1 1 

 100
 ( M 2 M 1)
Values at 12% obtained from the Wood Handbook
Column Buckling Analysis
Slender Ratio of Short Column
L 40
Sr  
 6.67  11
b
6
RESULTS:
Critical Load = 186940.3 lbs
Critical Stress = 5192.8 psi
Equivalent Length for fixed-fixed support
L
Le 
2
Critical Stress

4
f cr  Fc 1 
4
 27

 Le

 r
Fc 

E 
4

b
;r 

12

Critical Load
Pcr  f cr  A
Top & Bottom Beam
Top Beam
Bottom Beam
Top Beam
Safety Factors
Bridge Part
Bottom Beam
von mises
sigma Y
shear stress
Top Beam
55.89
55.53
29.90
Bottom Beam
27.51
31.56
7.32
Cross Plank & Ramp
Cross Plank
Ramp
Center Loading of Cross Plank
Safety Factors
Left Loading of Cross Plank
shear
stress
Bridge Part
von mises
sigma Y
Center
10.62
9.26
6.06
Left
6.09
9.26
2.47
Worst Shearing Stress Cases
Ramp( upper load, closer to middle)
Ramp (middle loading)
FS: 1.47
FS: 1.28
Ramp (toward bottom)
FS: 1.49
Stress Analysis for Bridge
max von mises
stress
max sigma Y
stress
max shear
stress
F.S. (von mises)
F.S. (sigma
Y)
F.S (shear
stress)
Top Beam
157
-158
-35.14
55.89
55.53
29.90
Bottom Beam
319
-278
-143.48
27.51
31.56
7.32
Cross Plank with Center
loading
826
-947.2
173.42
10.62
9.26
6.06
Cross Plank with loading on
left
1440
-947.2
426.1
6.09
9.26
2.47
Ramp( right load)
1759
-2013
511.5
4.99
4.36
2.05
Ramp( right load, closer to
center)
1770
-2019
-715.56
4.96
4.35
1.47
Ramp( center)
1764
-2016
-822.25
4.97
4.35
1.28
Ramp (toward left)
1752
-2008
-703.4
5.01
4.37
1.49
Ramp (left with entire leg
constrained)
1734
-1990
328.43
5.06
4.41
3.20
Ramp (leftmost loading with
leg fixed)
1737
-1993
335.2
5.05
4.40
3.13
Unit: psi
Unit: psi
Unit: psi
Bridge Component
Load Analysis of Bridge Joints
Bridge Component
Top Beam
horizontal reaction
force
vertical reaction
force
Total Reaction
Force
F.S of
Joint
0.00
85.33
85.33
9.96
Bottom Beam
292.99
243.09
380.70
2.23
Cross Plank with Center
loading
-226.18
191.33
296.25
2.87
Cross Plank with loading on
left
-225.97
346.17
413.40
2.06
Ramp( right load)
-291.97
164.63
335.19
2.54
Ramp( right load, closer to
center)
-317.19
126.53
341.50
2.49
Ramp( center)
266.67
29.60
268.31
3.17
Ramp (left with entire leg
constrained)
-1.59
36.23
36.26
23.44
Ramp (leftmost loading with
leg fixed)
0.00
21.68
21.68
39.22
Maximum
Allowable
workload of
Angled Bracket
850
lb
Solar-Powered Fountain and Pine Cone Bucket
Pugh
Needs
Assessment
Cost: $39.97
Solar-Powered
Fountain
Pine Cone
Buckets
4.1 Project Plan
0
0
4.2 Motor Skills
0
+
4.3 Stimulate
Senses
+
+
4.4 Education of
Surrounding
0
0
4.5 Little
Maintenance
+
+
4.6 Safety
+
+
4.7 No
Disturbances
+
+
4.8 Renewable
Energy
+
0
4.9 Weatherproof
+
+
4.10 Animal
Accessibility
+
+
4.11 No
Obstructions
+
+
4.12 Natural Look
+
+
Total
9
9
Cost: $39.88
Total Cost
Estimated Cost
Narrative Audio Boxes
$660.48
Talking Animal Silhouettes
$386.18
Bamboo Chimes
$224.72
Solar Powered Fountain
$39.97
Pine Cone Buckets
$39.88
Total
$1,351.23
Surplus
$648.77
Future Ideas Packet:
Squirrel Chase
Pull Rope Down
•Mounted to Tree
or Post
•User Pulls Rope
to Move Squirrel
Squirrel Moves Up
Future Ideas Packet:
Woodpecker
•Mounted to Tree
or Post
•User Pulls Rope,
Bird Pivots to Hit
Wood
Pull Rope Down
Bird Rocks
Forward
Future Ideas Packet:
Hand Powered Animals
•Mounted to
Post
•User Turns
Handle, Animals
Bob Up and
Down
Rotate Handle
Future Ideas Packet:
Water Wheel
•Mounted to Post
at Waters Edge
•User Turns
Handle, Causes
Wheel Spin and
Splash Water
Bevel Gears
Future Agenda
• Order Parts by Week 4
• Construct Stations by Week 8
• Test Stations Weeks 8-10
• Develop Ideas Packet Weeks 8-10
Acknowledgements
Dr. Elizabeth DeBartolo – Professor of Mechanical Engineering at the
Rochester Institute of Technology
Dr. Daniel Phillips – Professor of Electrical Engineering at the Rochester
Institute of Technology
Bob Brewer – Chief Engineer and Department Manager, NTID ITV at the
Rochester Institute of Technology
Jeana Sansocie – Student of Industrial and Systems Engineering at the
Rochester Institute of Technology
Sue Epstein – Program Director and Volunteer Coordinator for Everybody
Rides in Newark, NY
Lisa Williams – Riding Instructor for Everybody Rides in Newark, NY
Jo Anderson – Riding Instructor for Everybody Rides in Newark, NY
Ron Mamroe – Barn Manager for Everybody Rides in Newark, NY
Mark DeCracker – Recreational Therapist for Everybody Rides in Newark,
NY
Bob Whitbeck – Recreational Therapist for Everybody Rides in Newark, NY
This material is based upon work supported by the national Science
Foundation under Award No. BES-0527358
Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in
this material are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the
views of the National Science Foundation.