Transcript Drvaya, Guna and Paryaya

Dravya Guna Paryay
Not an expert.
Intent :
Share thoughts,
Seek perspective &
Improve thought process.
So, please forgive any errors.
Universe
Why do we need to know …..
Who am I ?
What is life / how it starts ?
- forms : microscopic to largest known.
What is universe ? How big it is ?
Are we alone in this universe?
- search on other planets, solar systems, galaxies.
Curiosity is human nature ..
.. makes progress possible !
Universe : Jain Perspective
Six Dravyas (basic elements) + their Paryays (forms).
Why do we need to know …..
10th of 12 Reflections.
Reflecting on universe makes one understand the true
nature of reality, eternity of substances & transient forms.
Loka-Svarupa-Bhavana
Jiva & Ajiva Tatvas
Eternal nature of Soul & other matters (dravya) and
their properties (guna), and transient nature of their
forms / modes (paryayas).
- differentiation : a steps towards separation.
Intellectual & Spiritual progress
Logical & analytical explanation of universal dynamics.
Very closely relates religion and science.
Universe : Structural View
Alokakash
(space)
Jiva
7
(Soul)
Urdhva-Loka
(Swargas)
Pudgal
(Matter)
Madhya-Loka
(Humans)
Akash
(Space)
Dharma
(Medium of Motion)
Adharma
7
(Medium of Rest)
Kal
(Time)
7
All Six ‘Dravya’s in ‘Lokakash’
Adho-Loka
(Narakas)
‘Dravya’
(element, substance, ‘padarth’, ‘sat’) :
 Mass of inseparable attributes ‘Guna’
 Eternal in nature
 Always existed & will exist.
 6 fundamental types
 Infinite in numbers
 An element:
A pure substance consisting of one type of (atom) smallest particle,
distinguished by its property.
‘Guna’
(Properties, qualities, attributes):
 Properties, that exist in all parts* of a substance in all
its forms, modifications (‘paryay’s).
 1 Pradesh = 1 spatial units = space occupied by smallest indivisible
particle called paramanu.
 Infinite qualities in each substances
 Inseparable from its own Dravya.
 Samanya Guna (Common Qualities)
 Qualities that exist in all types of Dravyas.
 Vishesh Guna (Special Qualities)
 Qualities that do not exist in all but found only in its own type of Dravya.
‘Paryay’
(Form / Mode / Transient Status):
 Each quality undergo continuous change.
Every moment, old form goes out of existence & new emerges.
 Every emerging new form is called ‘Paryay’
 Transient in nature. Life of paryay = 1 moment.
 Infinite qualities, so infinite ‘Paryays’ emerge every
moment in each ‘Dravya’
Six ‘Dravya’s :
Jiva
Pudgal
Dharma
Adharma
Akash
Kal
(Soul)
(Matter)
(Medium of
Motion)
(Medium of
Rest)
(Space)
(Time)
Ajiva (Achetan / Non living)
(Chetan)
Qty :
Infinite
Size :
Innumerable
‘Pradesh’
Infinite
One
One
One
Innumerable
Innumerable
Innumerable
Innumerable
Infinite
One
Panch Asti-Kaya
Type :
Invisible
(Arupi)
Rupi
(Visible)
Invisible
(Arupi)
Invisible
(Arupi)
Forms
Pure /
Impure
Pure /
Impure
Pure
Pure
Transformation
Infinite = ‘Anant’
Innumerable = ‘Asankhyat’
Invisible
(Arupi)
Pure
Invisible
(Arupi)
Pure
Six ‘Dravya’s
Jiva
Pudgal
Dharma
Adharma
Akash
Kal
(Soul)
(Matter)
(Medium of
Motion)
(Medium of
Rest)
(Space)
(Time)
Samanya Gunas (Common Qualities / Attributes)
 Dyavyatva
: Changeability (form / modification of its paryay changes every moment)
 Vastutva
: Functionality (performs its own specific functions)
 Astiatva
: Existence or Is-ness (Substance is never destroyed or can never be created)
 Pradeshatva
: Shape formation attribute (always exist in some shape or form)
 Agurulaghutva
: Constancy of Individuality (one do not change into other. Gunas in-seperable)
 Prameyatva
: Know-ability or knowableness (always subject of some kind of knowledge)
Six ‘Dravya’s
Dravya, Kshetra, Kal, Bhav
Jiva
Pudgal
Dharma
Adharma
Akash
Kal
(Soul)
(Matter)
(Medium of
Motion)
(Medium of
Rest)
(Space)
(Time)
Test
(Rasa)
Conduct
(Charitra)
Smell
(Gandha)
Bliss
(Sukha)
Color
(Varna)
 Agility (Kriyavati Shakti)
Function - causation
Perception
(Darshan)
Accommodation - causation
Touch
(Sparsha)
Rest - causation
Knowledge
(Gyan)
Motion - causation
Vishesh Gunas (Special Qualities / Attributes)
Utpada – Vyaya - Dhruva
All dravyas of this universe are eternal but continuously undergo countless changes.
Dravya (Substance)
Each Substance
Guna (Qualities)
Has infinite Qualities
Permanent in nature
Dhruva
Paryay (Transformation)
Each undergoing change in status – each moment
Transient in nature
Utpada
Vyaya
New Form
Emerges
Old Form
Ceases
• Swabhav Paryay
(of permanent/pure characteristics)
• Vibhav Paryay
(of transient/impure characteristics)
Jiva Dravya - Soul
Special Qualities (Vishesh Guna) :
- Knowledge
- Perception
- Conduct
- Bliss
- Agility
Samsari
(Impure)
- Souls w/karmic bondage ‘co-exist’
- Possess body (Pudgal)
- Audarik, Karman, Tejas body
- Affected by ‘karmic dynamics’
- Cycle of birth & death
- Limited ‘Special Qualities’ of soul.
Vibhav Paryay
(Gyan)
(Darshan)
(Charitra)
(Sukha)
(Kriyavati Shakti)
Siddhas
(Pure)
- Liberated Souls
- Infinite Knowledge (Keval Gnan)
- Infinite / Pure Perception (Anant Darshan)
- Infinite / Pure Conduct (Anant Charitra)
- Infinite Bliss (Anant Sukha)
- Infinite Energy (Anant Virya)
Swabhav Paryay
Ajiva Dravya – Matter
Matter (Pudgal)
Smallest Particle : Atom (Parmänu)
Clusters (Skandha)
- Ahar Vargana (Physical Body)
- Mano vargana (Mind)
- Bhasha vargana (Speech)
- Tejas Vargana (Tejas body)
- Karman Vargana (Karmic body)
- …..
Special Qualities (Vishesh Gunas) :
- Touch
- Test
- Smell
- Color
- Agility
(Sparsha)
(Rasa)
(Gandha)
(Varna)
(Kriyavati Shakti)
Jiva Dravya (Soul)
Special Qualities (Vishesh Guna) :
Samsari (Impure)
- Knowledge
- Perception
- Conduct
- Souls w/karmic bondage ‘co-exist’
- Limited ‘Special Qualities’ of soul.
(Gyan)
(Darshan)
(Charitra)
 Knowledge (Gyan) is limited ..
 Paroksha : acquired through max 5 senses (Mati) & Shrut Gyan.
 ‘Paryay’ drushti. ‘Jiva’ as ‘Dravya’ : Hard to conceptualize & experience .
Perception
Vibhav Paryay
Knowledge
Conduct
Jiva Dravya (Soul)
Samsari (Impure)
Qualities (Guna) :
Mode (Vibhav Paryays)
High in Purity..
- Knowledge (Gyan)
- Mati Gyan : through senses.
- Mati Gyan
- Shrut Gyan : analytical, comprehended. - Shrut Gyan (Samyak)
- Perception / Faith
(Darshan / Shraddha)
- False views (Thought process)
- False believes (Mithyatwa)
- Right views
- Right Faith (Samyak)
- Conduct
- Kashayas (Krodh, Man, Maya Lobh)
- Pramad (Laxity) etc
- Diluted Kashaya &
Pramad
(Charitra)
Perception
Knowledge
Conduct
Paryay & Dravya
The knowledge, the knower and the known are the three elements of knowledge.
 The Knower
(Gnata)
 The Known
(Geya)
 The knowledge (Gyan)
- The person who learnt
- The matter about which the information is obtained and
- What knower acquires through process of knowing.
 5 Senses & Mati Gyan
- Touch
- Test
- Smell
- Color
- Sound
(Sparsha)
(Rasa)
(Gandha)
(Varna)
(Dhvani)
- Skin / body
- Tung
- Nose
- Eyes
- Ears
1
2
3
4
5 sense Jivas
 Shrut Gyan
 This knowledge is acquired through reading, listening and interpretation.
Non-One-Sidedness (ANEKANTAVAD)
EXISTENCE
NON-EXISTENCE
4
1
2
7
5
3
6
INEXPRESSIBILITY
The Seven Fold Predication of the Real
Paryay & Dravya
1. Gold ornaments (ring / bangle) & Gold
- Sellers perspective / buyers perspective
Paryay & Dravya
2. Water / Clouds / Snow / Steam
- What is constant … what is changing…?
H2 O
Water
Modes
Reality = Substance + Quality + Modes
Always regains original properties in Pure form.
Paryay & Dravya
3. Oxygen in air …. helps fire.
And, in water …. ?
Is property of Oxygen changing ?
Always regains original properties in Pure form.
Paryay & Dravya
4. Carbon forms :
Diamond v/s
Graphite
Hardest material.
One of the softest
materials.
Ultimate abrasive.
A very good lubricant.
An excellent
insulator
electrical.
A conductor of
electricity.
Best thermal
conductor
Used for thermal
insulation.
Highly transparent.
Opaque.
Always regains original properties in Pure form.
Jiva Dravya (Soul)
- Infinite Knowledge (Keval Gnan)
- Purest Perception (Anant Darshan)
- Infinite / Pure Conduct (Anant Charitra)
- Infinite Bliss (Anant Sukha)
- Infinite Energy (Anant Virya)
Right
Perception
Right
Knowledge
Special Qualities (Vishesh Guna) :
Swabhav Paryays
Right
Conduct
1st step :
Samyaktwa
Spiritual Growth
= moving towards…
Mithyatwa
/ Vibhav
Paryays
 Improve Shrut Gyan
 Understand & apply Anekantvad and Nayas.
 Know & Believe through Experience.
 Correct the Perception & believes.
Always regains original properties in Pure form.
Michchhami Dukkadam !