Transcript Document
PHIL AND SOPHIE PRESENT The Philosophy review quiz show AUTONOMY The freedom of being able to decide for oneself by using one’s own rationality PLATO NOT PLUTO…… ______________ myth of the cave can be found in his work entitled _________________ The Republic WHO STATED…… “Humanity came into being and exists in order to contemplate the principle of the nature of the whole. The Function of wisdom is to gain possession of this very thing….” ? Perctione EPISTEMOLOGY “Literally means, “the study of knowledge” GAIL STENSTAD She argues that men approach knowledge assuming there is only one truth or correct theory. She calls this theoretical thinking. What does she call female thinking? Anarchic DETERMINISM The theory that states, “All things and all human beings are unfree.” PAUL HENRI D’HOLBACH Who wrote in the 18th century: “In whatever manner man is considered, he is connected to universal nature, and submitted to the necessary and immutable laws that she imposes on all beings….He is without his own consent…In short, the actions of man are never free; Harry Browne not Charlie Brown “Everyone is selfish….” was stated by a good friend of mine……. SOCRATES “The unexamined life is not worth living” METAPHYSICS The study of the nature of reality Metaphysics A Hindu word meaning non-violence…… Ahimsa The feminist philosopher ______________, has pointed out that most philosophers use an “adversarial method” of inquiry. JANICE MOULTON She stated that the equation of maleness with superiority goes back at least as far as the Pythagoreans…the denigration of the “feminine” is to feminists….the most salient aspect of the maleness of the philosophical tradition.” GENEVIEVE LLOYD PARMENIDES The ancient Greek philosopher who held that change is an illusion. He believed the universe in reality is a frozen, unchanging object. ZENO HE stated, “a runner cannot move from one point to another. For to do so, he must first get to a point half-way to the half-way point…and so on for an infinite number of spaces.” He therefore stated, no object moves. MATERIALISM The metaphysical position that reality is ultimately composed of matter. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING WAS NOT A MATERIALIST? Hobbes Julien Offroy de La Mettrie Berkeley Laplace Philosophy comes from two Greek words meaning……. Love and wisdom This man came up with “Logotherapy” and was a Great believer in free choice…… Victor Frankl HE thought of reality as a continuum with human beings somewhere in the middle. AUGUSTINE SUBJECTIVE IDEALISM Is the position that the world consists of my own mind and things that are dependent on it. PHENOMENOLOGY Is the study of what appears to consciousness…….. WHICH ONE OF THESE GUYS DOES NOT BELONG? Husserl Why? Heidegger Merleau-Ponty Sartre He was not a phenomenologist but an existentialist. WHICH IS TRUE ABOUT THE LIBERTARIAN VIEW? Human beings are not personally responsible for what they do Freedom and causal determinism are both true Actions by people are not causally determined by previous events and the laws of nature. When I say bracketing you should automatically think of……. HUSSERL “IF NO ONE ASKS ME, I KNOW WHAT TIME IS; IF SOMEONE ASKS AND I WANT TO EXPLAIN IT, I DO NOT KNOW” Augustine IDEALISM “Construes the self as part of a cosmic mind, spirit, idea, or life force.” For the _______________ the self is pure being. For the ________________ the self is whatever we choose to make it. Phenomenologist Existentialist HE BELIEVED……. Quarrels are caused predominantly by A) competition B) diffidence C) glory Hobbes TOMMY HOBBES COMPARED THIS TO… Government When I say “Esse est percipi” you should think of…… BERKELEY Berkeley ESSE EST PERCIPI MEANS “To exist is to be perceived” He was first to present the Ontological Argument in a formal, self-conscious manner. ST. ANSELM Everything is God and God is everything….. PANTHEISM HE OffErED fivE wAys tO prOvE tHE ExistEnCE Of GOD……… AQUINAS AQUINAS’ PROOFS DO NOT INCLUDE AN ARGUMENT FROM….. Motion Causality Conceivability Imperfection Order For Aquinas, positive knowledge of God can be gained by……. ANALOGY HE inferred his existence from his cognitive experience……..hint…not any of these guys…. DESCARTES Many of Conway’s ideas were “borrowed” by ………. LEIBNITZ Knowledge known independently of sense experience is A PRIORI The British Empiricists were Berkeley Locke Hume I say blank slate…..you should automatically think……. Locke A position that only I exist and that everything else is just a creation of my subjective consciousness. SOLIPSISM According to Hume the pain you feel when you hit your thumb is IMPRESSION According to _____________ is the great guide of human life…. CUSTOM OBJECTIVE TRUTH THEORY Correspondence Coherence Pragmatic LOCKE WAS A PROPONENT OF WHICH THEORY Correspondence Coherence Pragmatic THIS GUY IS KNOWN FOR Utilitarianism I SPENT MY LIFE STUDYING THE STAGES OF MORAL DEVELOPMENT…… Kohlberg MARY WOLLSTONECRAFT ___________________ argued that “women who acquiesce to their morally inferior condition are blameworthy”. BUDDHISM STATES PHILOSOPHICAL WISDOM WILL FREE US FROM….. Samsara or the never ending cycle of reincarnation AQUINAS According to __________ a path that requires us to remove certain ideas from our concept of God is called…… Via negativa “I THINK THEREFORE I AM”…… Rene Descartes DESCARTES (UNE AUTRE FOIS) From the fact that he could conceive of the nonexistence ot his body without thereby conceiving of the nonexistence of his mind, _________________ concluded mind and body are distinct entities….. WILLIAM PALEY ______________________ example of finding a watch in the heath is used to illustrate the __________________ argument. The Design Argument ____________ IS THE BELIEF THAT THERE IS ONLY ONE GOD Monotheism COSMOLOGICAL The _________________ argument argues that since an infinite causal chain is impossible, God must be an uncaused cause. PRIMARY According to __________________, a computer has certain qualities whether we perceive it or not, that he called……… WARRANTED, TRUE BELIEF Gettier examples show knowledge is something more than THE GREATEST BEING IMAGINABLE By God, Anselm meant….. HERACLITUS Ancient Greek philosopher who proposed that change is the fundamental reality….. THALES Greek philosopher who believed everything is composed of water……. THALES…..AGAIN…..THUS THE SWIMMING REFERENCE….GET IT? HE is usually considered the first Western philosopher…….. PLATO _____________________ was Socrates disciple…… NIETZSCHE “God is Dead”……….. CONWAY According to __________, since God is purely spiritual, all things created by God have spirit…….. COHERENCE THEORY OF TRUTH Blanshard was a proponent of the ___________________ IMAGINATION, MEMORY For Hobbes, decaying sense can be either _____________________ or ___________________ VOLTAIRE He wrote Candide…….. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS A CONSEQUENTIALIST THEORY? a) Egoism b) Ethical absolutism c) The categorical imperative theory d) The prima facie theory e) The divine command theory ETHICS AND ANTHROPOLOGY The difference between _______________ and _________________ is that the one tries to discover what people should do, while the other is descriptive experimental. HEDONISM According to ____________________, pleasure is the only intrinsic value. According to Kant, nothing is good without qualification except…… A good will EMPIRICISM Is the belief that all knowledge about the world comes from or is based on the senses ACCORDING TO LOCKE, WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING ARE NOT PRIMARY QUALITIES? a) Size b) Shape c) Colour d) Texture e) Weight f) smell A DIVINE MIND (GOD) To explain the regularity in experience, Berkeley posits…….. THE GREAT SKEPTIC…… How do you know you are really here? How do you know my accent is fake? What do mean I look like Elmer Fudd?.... Hume ACCORDING TO HUME THE MIND CONTAINS TWO THINGS….. 1.Ideas 2.Impressions WHAT DO THESE TWO GUYS HAVE IN COMMON WHEN DEALING WITH THE TRUTH? Both proponents of the Pragmatic Theory William James Richard Rorty COHERENCE According to the __________________ theory, truth is a property of a related group of constituent statements. BRAND BLANSHARD According to ______________________ organic bodies have a higher degree of coherence than a junk heap and a stone pile. The self is a bundle of perceptions. A POSTERIORI According to Kant, ___________________ statements are neither necessary nor universal. Kant credited _______________________ with having awakened him from his dogmatic slumbers. YES, THAT IS RIGHT….HIM AGAIN OR SHOULD I SAY HUME AGAIN SYNTHETIC According to Kant, _____________________ statements are ones that give us genuine information about the world around us. ANALYTIC According to Kant, ______________________ statements are ones that can be established by sense experience. MORALITY For Kant, _______________ forces us to assume the existence of God. HEDONISM Epicurus is known for his………. MANNY KANT Is known for his categorical imperative ARISTOTLE According to ___________________virtue is the ability to be reasonable in our actions, emotions and desires. VIRTUE rule According to some female philosophers, female morality is __________________ based and male morality is _______________ based Madman I used a _______________ to say God is Dead. God izt Dead!!! MARY WOLLSTONECRAFT SAID WOMEN ARE TAUGHT TO DESIRE ______________ RATHER THAN RESPECT. Love UTILITARIANISM What kind of “Ethical” theory does an atheist typically develop? SOCRATES Who is often called the “father of philosophy”…….. PANTHEISM AND THEISM Panentheism tries to merge OOPS, SORRY…..JUST SNUCK IN….. CONWAY _____________________ holds that after death God’s justice requires transmigration of spirits. MASTER MORALITY According to Nietzsche, a _____________________ will value strength, intelligence, courage, revenge and power. Who stole this idea for his “power play”? WHO SAID….? Moral development for a woman is marked by progress toward more adequate ways of caring for herself and others. No, but close…..sort of….. Carol Gilligan AQUINAS Who came up with the theory of Double Effect? Do you like my hat……bought it at the Gap. PHENOMENOLOGY OF PERCEPTION WAS WRITTEN BY…. a) Merleau-Ponty b) Kierkegaard c) Sartre d) De Beauvoir He wrote “A Theory of Justice” where he presents a “brilliant argument in suppot of contemporary liberalism” JOHN RAWLS Born in Ninewells, he wrote “A Treatise of Human Nature” Um, no, not who I had in mind Hume The idea that ideas existed in an objective state (known as Objective Idealism) is originally associated with…… No, but close….sort of….. Plato MUSLIMS TRADITIONALLY BELIEVE IN KISMET Kismet means fate. In Philosophy terms that would be called ……….. TIME……… ____________________ stated that it makes sense to think of time as a fixed series of moments. McTaggert French Philosopher, Henri Bergson argued that time is ________________, that it is forever moving from past to present to future….. Subject ive THE FATHER OF COMMUNISM…. nope nope Nope but you have the right family name…. THIS PICTURE SORT OF FITS WITH… a)Berkeley b)Hobbes c)Sartre d)Frankl HE WROTE SUMMA THEOLOGICA AND SUMMA CONTRA GENTILES……. I think we should tell him to put his hat back on….. WHAT HAS THIS GOT TO DO WITH GOD? Design argument and William Paley THIS IS ERNEST NAGEL….HE IS…. An Atheist ANTIREALISM The doctrine that the objects of our senses do not exist independently of our perceptions, beliefs, concepts and language AYER IS THE BIG NAME WHEN SPEAKING OF a. Antirealism b. Pragmatism c. Logical Positivism WHOSE THOUGHTS ON EUTHANASIA ARE THESE? 1. it is against Nature 2. It is against Self Interest mistaken diagnosis chance of cure pessimism- self defeating 3. Practical Effects a. Dr's and RN's are committed to saving lives. They would be corrupted to think that there are occasions when the person (Patient) is better off dead. b. Slippery Slope!!from Self Administered to Other Administered from Voluntary to non-voluntary from for the benefit of the person to the benefit of others, society, humankind J. Gay-Williams HOBBES Who said people are all in a war against all? I want to make this perfectly clear, I have nothing to do with Quaker Oats….. WHO SAID….. “Each of us places in common his person and all his power under the supreme direction of the general will; and as one body we all receive each member as an indivisible part of the whole.” Jean-Jacques Rousseau