Transcript World Cotton Production and Yield - Agricultural Council of Arkansas

UA Conventional Cotton Varieties
Fred Bourland
• Interest in conventional cotton has increased due to:
• Glyphosate resistant weeds (pigweed)
• New budworm insecticides (Coragen, Belt)
• Desire to reduce technology fee
No well-adapted conventional varieties were available.
Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station released
• ‘UA48’ in 2010
• ‘UA103’ and ‘UA222’ in 2011
Yield and fiber quality of UA48
4 locations and 4 years (2007-10) of Strain Tests in Ark.
(UA 48, patent and PVP pending)
Variety
UA 48
DP 393
SG 105
LSD0.10
Lint yield,
lb/a
Quality
score
Length,
in.
Micronaire
Uniformity
index (%)
Strength,
g/tex
1166
1087
1095
ns
88
57
49
4
1.29
1.18
1.16
0.01
4.86
4.69
4.83
ns
87.0
84.8
85.1
0.5
35.5
32.2
30.6
0.8
2-year (2009-10) mean lint yield of DP 393
over all locations was 10th out of 32 varieties
in Ark. Cotton Variety Test; UA48 was 24 lb/a
less than DP 393.
UA48
ArkansasSilk
Yield component variables for UA48
4 locations and 4 years (2007-10) of Strain Tests in Ark.
(UA 48, patent and PVP pending)
Variety
UA 48
DP 393
SG 105
LSD0.10
Lint fraction,
%
Seed index,
g/100 seed
Lint index,
g/100 seed
Seed per ac,
x 106
Fibers per
seed
37.8
40.8
39.5
0.8
12.3
10.4
10.9
0.2
7.6
7.4
7.3
0.2
6.680
6.705
6.776
ns
13977
15827
15335
511
Other characteristics
•
•
•
•
•
•
Earliest maturing variety in 2009 and 2010 Ark. Cotton Variety Test.
Leaf pubescence classed as “smooth-leaf”, equal to DP 393.
Stem pubescence and bract trichomes lower (smoother) than DP 393.
Resistant to bacterial blight and Fusarium wilt.
Tolerant to Verticillium wilt (highest relative yields at AR site with high wilt).
Relatively high “dirty flowers” in tarnished plant bug test.
*Based on these results and other performance data, AAES made agreement
with West Gaines Delinting to increase seed in 2010.
2010 Seed Increase of UA48
• About 70 acre field near Whiteface, TX.
• Very good production year for west Texas.
• Lint yield = 2.2 bales/acre
• Little or no field deterioration of seed.
• Processed by West Gaines Delinting Company
2010 Seed Increase of UA48
Resulting seed quality:
• High warm germination, 80-90%
• High tetrazolium test, over 90%
• Low cold test germination, 35-45%
Cotton Seed
Quality Curve
Hot water test – UA48 seed from 2010 TX increase
Treatment,
min. in 65C HW
Germ%
48 hr. @ 30C
Germ%
62 hr. @ 30C
Germ%
108 hr. @ 30C
0 min.
60
78
90
5 min.
58
77
85
15 min.
50
71
82
25 min.
51
75
79
35 min.
48
67
49
45 min.
35
47
48
Attempts to break “hard dormancy”:
• 85C for 2 minutes
• Freezer for 1 and 2 weeks
• Soak 15 and 30 minutes then dry
• Tumble in metal mixer for 4 and 8 hours
Germ. of dormant and non-dormant seed lots
All seed produced 2010 in west TX
Variety
Dormant
lot
Nondormant lot
Germ% at 30C after 2 days
Dormant
lot
Nondormant lot
Germ% at 30C after 7 days
AM 1532 B2RF
59
91
94
99
NG 4111 RF
50
97
79
98
NG 2051 B2RF
55
83
88
98
NG 4010 B2RF
68
96
98
99
NB 4012 B2RF
57
96
94
100
UA48
53
.
86
.
.
93
.
97
57
93
90
98
AM 1550 B2RF ,VT
Mean
“Hard Dormancy” in Cottonseed
Occurs rarely, and is not variety specific.
Specific cause and way to break it are unknown.
Easily detected: high warm germ and TZ percentages,
but low cool test results.
Dormant lots should be stored and retested until
dormancy breaks – usually a few weeks BUT can
persist for as long as 2 to 3 years.
Best to only sell seed from non-dormant lots/fields –
WAS NOT an option for 2010 produced UA48 seed.
2011 UA48 stands
UA48, 2011 Ark.
Variety Test, Keiser
UA48, 2011 Manila
production field
UA48, 2011 Ark.
Variety Test, Keiser
UA48, 2011 Manila
production field
Yields (lb/a) of UA48 in Arkansas
Arkansas Strain Tests
Variety
All loc.
Keiser
Judd Hill
Marianna
Rohwer
2011 seedcotton:
UA 48 (TX seed)
DP 393
% DP393
96 plots
2534
2687
94
24 plots
1781*
2475
72
24 plots
2760
2575
107
24 plots
2808
3108
90
24 plots
2787
2591
108
384 plots
1116
1087
103
ns
96 plots
984
1059
93
56
96 plots
1320
1136
116
46
96 plots
1095
1132
97
ns
96 plots
1063
1019
104
ns
2007-10 lint:
UA 48 (AR/AZ)
DP 393
% DP393
LSD0.10
*2011 seedcotton yield at Keiser with Ark produced seed: DP393 = 2522, UA48 = 2802
Arkansas Cotton Variety Test
Variety
All loc.
Keiser
2011 lint:
UA 48 (TX seed)
Mean (24 entries)
12 plots
1119
1304
4 plots
987
1273
Judd Hill
Marianna
Rohwer
Glyphosate
Drift?
4 plots
1090
1329
4 plots
1280
1264
Yields of UA48 in 2011 Production Fields,
Planted using 2010 TX grown seed
(Hearsay yields)
Location
Miss. Co., farm 1
Miss. Co., farm 1 – non-irrig.
Miss. Co., farm 2
St. Francis County
Lonoke County, farm 1
Lonoke County, farm 2
Monroe County
Ashley County
Mississippi (state)
Lint yield
lb/a
Comparison to
other varieties
780
394
950
968
1000
750
1200
900
Similar
Much less
Minus 100 lb
n/a
Minus 100 lb
Minus 150 lb
n/a
n/a
1200-1500
n/a
2011 Verification Field of
UA48 in Phillips County
Yield = 600+ lb/a
Suspected glyphosate
drift
Performance of UA103
4 locations and 4 years (2005-08) of Strain Tests in Ark.
(UA 103, patent pending)
Variety
UA 103
DP 393
SG 105
LSD0.10
Variety
UA 103
DP 393
SG 105
LSD0.10
Lint yield,
lb/a
Quality
Score
Length,
in.
Micronaire
Uniformity
index (%)
Strength,
g/tex
1254
1330
1282
ns
76
62
58
3
1.20
1.17
1.16
0.01
4.5
4.8
4.8
0.2
84.8
84.7
84.8
ns
31.5
31.7
30.1
0.8
Lint fraction,
%
Seed index,
g/100 seed
Lint index,
g/100 seed
Seed per ac,
x 106
Fibers per
seed
40.3
41.1
39.9
0.9
11.5
10.4
10.8
0.4
8.0
7.5
7.1
0.7
7.104
8.089
8.115
0.575
17658
16205
15393
746
UA103 is a smooth leaf, very early maturing
okra-leaf variety. Best yields at Judd Hill
and Rohwer, AR and in south TX.
Performance of UA222
4 locations and 4 years (2008-10) of Strain Tests in Ark.
(UA 222, patent pending)
Variety
UA 222
DP 393
SG 105
LSD0.10
Variety
UA 222
DP 393
SG 105
LSD0.10
Lint yield,
lb/a
Quality
Score
Length,
in.
Micronaire
Uniformity
index (%)
Strength,
g/tex
1127
1033
1003
93
75
61
54
5
1.23
1.19
1.17
0.01
4.4
4.6
4.8
0.1
85.2
84.7
84.0
0.4
31.9
32.1
30.3
0.8
Lint fraction,
%
Seed index,
g/100 seed
Lint index,
g/100 seed
Seed per ac,
x 106
Fibers per
seed
40.4
40.3
39.5
0.8
11.0
10.6
11.0
0.4
7.7
7.3
7.3
0.4
6.672
6.416
6.244
ns
16657
15777
15342
690
UA222 is a moderately hairy leaf, early maturing
variety. Appears to be very widely adapted.
UA Conventional Cotton Varieties Current Status
• UA48
• Licensed to Americot (AM UA48)
• 200 acre seed increase in 2011
• Conventional seed (non-dormant) will be available in 2012
• Introgression of transgenes initiated by Americot
• UA103
• Licensed to Seed Source Genetics (SSG UA103)
• 10 acre seed increase at Keiser in 2011
• No plans for transgenic versions of UA103
• UA222
• Conventional licensed to Seed Source Genetics (SSG UA222)
• 20 acre seed increase at Keiser in 2011
• Transgenic option for UA222 in Cotton States program.