Transcript PPT C1 1.4.3

C1.4.3 Hydrocarbon fuels
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Using Exam pro items to support successful
outcomes
• Learners will be able to test their progress against learning
outcomes using questions from past AQA GCSE examinations
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1. Foundation The Great London Smog of 1952
• Smog is a mixture of smoke and fog. Use the information from
this graph to answer the following questions.
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Questions
1.
Explain why it is thought that sulfur dioxide caused additional
deaths in December 1952
2. After the peak on 10th December the death rate stayed higher
than normal. Why do you think this happened?
3. Can you be certain that sulfur dioxide was the cause of
death?
4. It is important to burn fuels in a good supply of air
Do you agree with this statement. Remember to include the
products of complete and partial combustion in your answer.
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Answers- Key Points
1.
2.
3.
On the 8th December it shows both peaks ( rise in deaths and sulfur dioxide
levels) happening together.
Some people will already have inhaled sulfur dioxide and will be ill as a
result
The lines for rise in deaths and sulfur dioxide levels are well matched but at
the same time the levels of smoke also increased. The smoke could have
caused the extra deaths or made the effect of the sulfur dioxide worse.
4.
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Carbon monoxide is made when the supply of oxygen is low- carbon monoxide is
toxic.
When the supply of air is good then water vapour and carbon dioxide is produced-this
is a greenhouse gas
If the fuel contains sulfur, sulfur dioxide will still be produced however much air is
available. This causes acid rain
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2 Foundation C1 Jan 12, 4
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Mark scheme
Q
Answer
Extra Information
Mark
2
(i)
the amount of ethanol used) increases
from (1970) to 1989
Then it decreases from 1989 ( to
2000)
If no year(s) or incorrect year(s)
indicated then max 1
Correct year(s) only needs to be
indicated to gain full marks
accept values in range 19871992
1
(ii)
Any one from
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1
Brazil had more oilfields
Cost of crude oil had decreased
Cost of ethanol/sugar(cane) had increased
Demand for ethanol/sugar (cane) had
increased
Availability of ethanol/sugar(cane had
decreased
Climate change affects growing sugar cane
Accept availability of land to grow
sugar (cane) had decreased
Total
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3. Higher C1 Jan 12, 6
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Mark scheme- Higher
Q
Answer
i
Any two from
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ii
Extra Information
2
Same volume/amount of acids
Concentration of acids
Temperature
Same surface area/size/mass/amount of calcium
carbonate
Same measuring equipment
Any three from
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Mark
(after about 4 minutes) the sulfuric acid stops
reacting or nitric acid continues to react
(initially) the reaction with sulfuric acid is faster
(the reaction stops) because calcium sulfate is a
solid
(the reaction continues) because calcium nitrate
is soluble/in solution/aqueous
Because the calcium sulfate prevents the sulfuric
acid reacting with the calcium carbonate
(the rate is faster) because sulfuric acid contains
2 hydrogens
Accept more CO2 with nitric
acid at any time after 4 mins
Allow sulfuric acid produces a
solid
Allow nitric acid produces an
(aqueous) solution
Total
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