由Robert A Reiser的文章看IDT的定义及媒体应用与教育领域的影响因素

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Transcript 由Robert A Reiser的文章看IDT的定义及媒体应用与教育领域的影响因素

由 Robert A Reiser的文章看
IDT的定义
及媒体应用与教育领域的影响因素
(徐 影)
A History of Instructional Design and Technology Part
1:A History of Instructional Media
Robert A Reiser
《Educational Technology Research and Development 》,
《教育技术研究与发展》 AECT出版发行,2001年,
P53—64
观点的变化
在《Educational Technology research and
Development 》上
 1987年
history of the field of instructional
technology (教学技术领域的历史)

2001年 《a history of instructional design
and technology》(教学设计与技术的历史)
观点与定义
The field of instructional design and
technology encompasses the analysis of
learning and performance problems, and the
design, development ,implementation, evaluation
and management of instructional and noninstructional processes and resources intended
to improve learning and performance in a
variety of settings, particularly educational
instructions and the workplace.
观点与定义
1、分析,设计,开发,执行,评价,管理
2、学习与绩效问题
3、教学和非教学的过程和资源
4、为了提高学习和绩效
5、在多种环境下(尤其是教育机构和工厂
educational institutions and workplace)
即:Instructional media
noninstructional solutions to some performance
problems
为什么用“instructional design
and technology”
1、易使人误解。many efforts to clearly define the broad
meaning of the IT(Reiser&Ely,1997), most individuals outside
of the profession,and many inside it,associate IT with the term
instructional
media
(computers,videos,CD-ROMs,etc).
2、ID与IM是独立发展的。This(history of ID and IM) is
a natural separation because,from
a
historical
perspective,most of the practices related to instructional media
have occurred independent of developments associated with
ID.
HISTORY OF INSTRUCTIONAL
MEDIA(教学媒体的历史)
1910s, School Museums came into existence
 1914---1923, visual instruction movement;
 1920s---1930s,the audiovisual instructional
movement and instructional radio
 World War Ⅱ,AV devices in military services ,
industry
 Post-World War Ⅱdevelopments and media
research——媒体对比研究

HISTORY OF INSTRUCTIONAL
MEDIA
During the early 1950s,theories of communication
 1950s, instructional television
 shifting terminology
audiovisual instruction
ET(IT),AECT, journal
 From 1950s to 1995, computers
 Recent developments, (internet, digital media ,the
use of instructional media in a variety of settings )

1、不管我们对媒体应用的热情如何,直到近来
在商业和工业中的影响仍然很小。
2、在商业工业和高等教育环境中computers and
internet教学和绩效支持角色
3、下一个十年,computers,internet and other
digital media 和以前的媒体相比,将在教学实践
中带来更大的变化
4、在学校或其他教学环境下,媒体带来的实际
影响要比(media enthusiasts)预期的更慢、范围
更小.
启示
技术近视(例证:爱迪生预测电影的革命,麦
克卢汉说电视会取代教师,现在Internet……)
 并不是所有的媒体都会在教育领域得到广
泛应用,这受很多因素的影响。

影响因素

机遇与需求 (例证:VBI早在技术1960—70
年代就已实现,可是并没有)

理论的引导 (如,)
使用习惯
(如,美国的视特灵实验交互电
视而最终并没广泛应用,调查显示人们只需要
线性的看电视,很少使用交互)
技术的成熟
经济条件的制约


