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5. Major “Invertebrate” Phyla
a. Porifera: Sponges
b. Cnidaria: Corals, Hydra, Anemones, Jellyfish
Protostomes - Lophotrochozoans
5. Major “Invertebrate” Phyla
a. Porifera: Sponges
b. Cnidaria: Corals, Hydra, Anemones, Jellyfish
Protostomes - Lophotrochozoans
5. Major “Invertebrate” Phyla
a. Porifera: Sponges
b. Cnidaria: Corals, Hydra, Anemones, Jellyfish
c. Platyhelminthes: Flatworms
5. Major “Invertebrate” Phyla
a. Porifera: Sponges
b. Cnidaria: Corals, Hydra, Anemones, Jellyfish
c. Platyhelminthes: Flatworms
Cephalization:
eyespots and auricles
Gastrovascular cavity
convoluted gut
Ameobocytes
5. Major “Invertebrate” Phyla
a. Porifera: Sponges
b. Cnidaria: Corals, Hydra, Anemones, Jellyfish
c. Platyhelminthes: Flatworms
Parasitic forms:
Flukes
Asexual reproduction – population increase!
5. Major “Invertebrate” Phyla
a. Porifera: Sponges
b. Cnidaria: Corals, Hydra, Anemones, Jellyfish
c. Platyhelminthes: Flatworms
Parasitic forms:
Tapeworm
5. Major “Invertebrate” Phyla
a. Porifera: Sponges
b. Cnidaria: Corals, Hydra, Anemones, Jellyfish
c. Platyhelminthes: Flatworms
d. Annelida: Segmented worms
Oligochaete (‘earth’) worms
Polychaete worms
Leeches
5. Major “Invertebrate” Phyla
a. Porifera: Sponges
b. Cnidaria: Corals, Hydra, Anemones, Jellyfish
c. Platyhelminthes: Flatworms
d. Annelida: Segmented worms
Body cavity (coelom)
Hydrostatic ‘skeleton’
Complete gut (‘tract’)
Cephalization
Segmentation
5. Major “Invertebrate” Phyla
a. Porifera: Sponges
b. Cnidaria: Corals, Hydra, Anemones, Jellyfish
c. Platyhelminthes: Flatworms
d. Annelida: Segmented worms
e. Mollusca: Chitons, snails, bivalves, cephalopods
5. Major “Invertebrate” Phyla
a. Porifera: Sponges
b. Cnidaria: Corals, Hydra, Anemones, Jellyfish
c. Platyhelminthes: Flatworms
d. Annelida: Segmented worms
e. Mollusca: Chitons, snails, bivalves, cephalopods
5. Major “Invertebrate” Phyla
a. Porifera: Sponges
b. Cnidaria: Corals, Hydra, Anemones, Jellyfish
c. Platyhelminthes: Flatworms
d. Annelida: Segmented worms
e. Mollusca: Chitons, snails, bivalves, cephalopods
Earliest mollusc, from the
Burgess shale, dating to
560 mya, just before the
Cambrian Radiation. It is
a soft-bodied mollusc
5. Major “Invertebrate” Phyla
a. Porifera: Sponges
b. Cnidaria: Corals, Hydra, Anemones, Jellyfish
c. Platyhelminthes: Flatworms
d. Annelida: Segmented worms
e. Mollusca: Chitons, snails, bivalves, cephalopods
The ancestral state is segmentation
as in the chitons. In the rest of the
group there is reduction of
sementation.
5. Major “Invertebrate” Phyla
a. Porifera: Sponges
b. Cnidaria: Corals, Hydra, Anemones, Jellyfish
c. Platyhelminthes: Flatworms
d. Annelida: Segmented worms
e. Mollusca: Chitons, snails, bivalves, cephalopods
The ancestral state is segmentation, as
in the chitons. In the rest of the group
there is reduction of segmentation.
5. Major “Invertebrate” Phyla
a. Porifera: Sponges
b. Cnidaria: Corals, Hydra, Anemones, Jellyfish
c. Platyhelminthes: Flatworms
d. Annelida: Segmented worms
e. Mollusca: Chitons, snails, bivalves, cephalopods
The pretty nudibranchs!!
5. Major “Invertebrate” Phyla
a. Porifera: Sponges
b. Cnidaria: Corals, Hydra, Anemones, Jellyfish
c. Platyhelminthes: Flatworms
d. Annelida: Segmented worms
e. Mollusca: Chitons, snails, bivalves, cephalopods
In sessile bivalves, there has been
‘decephalization’ – loss of head
5. Major “Invertebrate” Phyla
a. Porifera: Sponges
b. Cnidaria: Corals, Hydra, Anemones, Jellyfish
c. Platyhelminthes: Flatworms
d. Annelida: Segmented worms
e. Mollusca: Chitons, snails, bivalves, cephalopods
In sessile bivalves, there has been
‘decephalization’ – loss of head
Scallop eyes
5. Major “Invertebrate” Phyla
a. Porifera: Sponges
b. Cnidaria: Corals, Hydra, Anemones, Jellyfish
c. Platyhelminthes: Flatworms
d. Annelida: Segmented worms
e. Mollusca: Chitons, snails, bivalves, cephalopods
In cephalopods, the shell is reduced from external to internal bony to internal
cartilaginous to gone
Folded front to back