Transcript Year 10 lesson inverted U theory

Year 10 GCSE PE
Lesson 6
Arousel in sport
Inverted U Theory and Drive Theory
Aim & Objectives
• To develop further your knowledge and
understanding of the importance of
motivation in sport.
• Be able to explain what arousal in sport and
the purpose of the Inverted U theory.
Starter.
1.Define the term motivation
2. There are two types of
motivation what are they?
Answers to Starter
.
Question 1 Definition Level A
‘Motive – The desire to fulfil a need’ (Cox, 1988)
‘The internal mechanisms and external stimuli which arouse and direct
behaviour’ (Sage, 1977)
Definition Level B
‘Motivation is the driving force that compels people to do something’
Question 2:
• Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation
Arousal
•Arousal is when a team is motivated to do something.
•When your Arousal levels are high you are more likely to
perform better
•Like wise if your Arousal level is low you will lack energy ,
focus and will probably not perform as well.
•However too much arousal will get you over excited and
you will end up playing badly.
•In cricket for example a player who is aroused will be
great at fielding however over-arousal will lead to bad
fielding and dropped catches.
AROUSAL
• Motivation is also an effective way of stimulating
the level of arousal or state of readiness in a
performer. A team captain may be a good
example when he/she is ‘psyching their team up
before a game’
0VER - AROUSAL
• Some performers can get aroused very easily this
can case problems, and effect their performance
Inverted U Theory
•The inverted U theory is a graph that can be used to show the
relation between the performance of a player and the arousal
level that individual is at.
•The graph line is curved to show
that the higher the arousal level is
the better the performance UNTIL
THE OPTIMUM POINT
•After the optimum point the
higher arousal level get the worse
your performance gets this is
known as OVER-AROUSAL.
SPORT
PS CHOLOG
The inverted U theory maps these different levels on a graph, as seen below:
> At point one the players level of arousal is low, and so is their performance level.
> At point two the players performance and motivation is at its peak. This is their
optimum level.
> At point three the arousal level is too high as the player becomes increasingly
stressed and agitated. This causes their performance to drop considerably.
2
1
3
I
N
V
E
R
T
E
D
U
motivation, Arousal and
Performance
• Motivation is related to the intensity and
direction of behaviour.
• That is, the level of arousal and the way in
which we behave affect our motivation and
hence performance. There are currently two
theories which try to explain this link:
SPORT
PS CHOLOG
> Arousal levels are different in different sports.
> For example optimum arousal in snooker or darts may only be low arousal in rugby.
> This is because snooker and darts require a low arousal in order to focus and concentrate
whereas rugby requires a high optimum arousal due to the physicality of the sport.
A
R
O
U
S
A
L
Over arousal - Tyson V Holyfield, the infamous ear
biting incident
Hull's Drive Theory:
• This demonstrates a linear relationship
between performance and arousal.
• This means at low levels of arousal,
performance is low and performance
increases in line with an increase in arousal.
This is shown in the graph below.
Motivation is thought to be a combination of the drive within us to
achieve our aims and the outside factors which affect it. With this
in mind, motivation has the following two forms, intrinsic
motivation and extrinsic motivation.
• This theory also explains that novices to the sport
often do not perform well under pressure and
their skill level decreases due to poor habits and
ill- learned techniques.
• Habits are described as the performance which is
dominant within each person. Experienced
athletes tend to perform better under pressure
due to their superior skills and the use of stress
management techniques.
This theory can be expressed using the
following equation:
Performance = habit x drive (arousal)
Homework
On wikispaces complete
th
by Wednesday 24
October and hand in
during your practical
lesson.