Transcript Web applications using Java and NetBeans

Web applications
using Java and NetBeans
A very brief introduction
with references to ASP.NET and
Visual Studio
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NetBeans IDE
• NetBeans is an IDE
– Integrated Development Environment
• NetBeans supports development in a number of
programming languages
– Java, C/C++, PHP, Ruby, etc.
• NetBeans is a Java application
• NetBeans runs under a number of operation
systems
– Windows, Linux, Mac OS, etc.
• http://netbeans.org/index.html
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Apache Tomcat
• Apache Tomcat is a web server
– Open Source
– Runs Java Servlets and JSP, etc.
– Normally uses port 8080 if run from NetBeans
– Included with NetBeans (some editions)
– Can be downloaded separately
– http://tomcat.apache.org/
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GlassFish
• GlassFish is a Java application server
– Open Source + commercial (Oracle GlassFish)
– Runs Java Servlets, JSP and a lot more
– Implements the full J2EE
– Included with NetBeans (some editions)
– http://glassfish.java.net/
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Java vs. C#
• The Java Programming Language and C# are
quite similar in syntax and semantics
– Both are object-oriented
– Both belong to the curly-brace family of
programming languages
• Java is older than C#
• Java has fewer keywords than C#
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Java Servlets and JSP
• Java offers two ways to make web applications
– Java Servlets
• Java code with HTML inside
– JSP (JavaServer Pages)
• HTML with Java code inside
• Servlets and JSP are often/best used in
combination
• Servlets and JSP are part of Java Enterprise
Edition
– Features to be run by a web or application server
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Post back to other pages
• With ASP.NET the normal post back is to the
same page
• With Java you specify the page to post to
– <form action="welcome.jsp>
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HTTP POST vs. GET methods
• The HTTP protocol offers two way to send data
from a form to the server
– POST
• Data is carried in the body of the request
• <form action="welcome.jsp" method="POST“ >
– GET
• Data is carried in the request URL
– http://localhost:8084/firstwebapp/welcome.jsp?username=Ande
rs&password=secret
• Default in Java
• Good for debugging
– Easy to see data
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Model-View-Controller (MVC)
in general
•
Picture from
–
http://java.sun.com/blueprints/guidelines/designing_enterprise_applications_2e/app-arch/apparch2.html
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Model-View-Controller
in Java web-applications
• Model
– Java Bean
• View
– JSP
• Controller
– Servlet
• Picture from
– http://janaudy.com/j2ee-labs/4-JSP-ServletsMVC/jsp-servlets-mvc_en.htm
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Model-view-controller
in ASP.NET web-applications
• ASP.NET MVC is similar to MVC Java webapplications
• ASP.NET MVC is quite different from ASP.NET
Web Forms
– http://www.asp.net/mvc
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No ViewState in JSP/Servlets
• ASP.NET has ViewState
• With JSP/Servlets there is nothing like
ViewState
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Deploying a Java web application
• When you build a web application you get a
WAR file
– Web Archive
– Essentially a ZIP file
– Holds all necessary parts of the web application
– Can be copied to the production web server
• Tomcat: the folder webapps/
• Tomcat: bin/startup.bat, bin/shutdown.bat
• Tomcat normally runs on port 8080
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Java web frameworks
• Apache Struts
– MVC framework
– http://struts.apache.org/
• JSF (JavaServer Faces)
– Another MVC framework
– http://www.javaserverfaces.org/
• Facelets
–
–
–
–
View generation framework
Alternative to JSP
http://facelets.java.net/
http://download.oracle.com/javaee/6/tutorial/doc/giepx.html
• Hibernate
– An ORM (Object/Relational Mapping)
• Connects an object oriented programming language (Java or .NET) with a relational DBMS
– http://www.hibernate.org/
• If you want to compare ASP.NET + Visual Studio to Java web applications +
NetBeans please take the frameworks into consideration
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Further readings, etc.
• Marty Hall Core Servlets and JavaServer Pages Volume 1 + 2, Prentice Hall
2008
– Older edition (2002) called More Servlets and JavaServer Pages available on
http://pdf.moreservlets.com/
• NetBeans.org Java EE & Java Web Learning Trail
– http://netbeans.org/kb/trails/java-ee.html
– Specially Introduction to Developing Web Applications
• http://netbeans.org/kb/docs/web/quickstart-webapps.html
• YouTube Java Servlet Definition (video 3:44)
– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y1-JvAC9tlM
• The Java EE 6 Tutorial
– Chapter 10 Java Servlet Technology
– http://download.oracle.com/javaee/6/tutorial/doc/bnafd.html
• Apache Tomcat download and documentation
– http://tomcat.apache.org/
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