Transcript Lesson 1 - G. Lombardo Radice
Definition of CLIL
CLIL stands for Content and Language Integrated Learning.
It refers to teaching subjects such as science, history and geography to students through a foreign language.
This can be by the English teacher using cross curricular content or the subject teacher using English as the language of instruction.
Both methods result in the simultaneous learning of content and English.
In
CLIL
classroom practice
The TEACHER no longer the DONOR of knowledge, rather a FACILITATOR
STUDENTS are empowered . They are actively engaged. They use PERCEPTION COMMUNICATION REASONING as individuals and as a group of peers
IN CLIL METHODOLOGY….
What is Geography?
basically the…
WHY of WHERE?
Chapter 1:
The World of Geography
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Chapter 1: What is Geography?
*
It is the study of our earth; our home.
OR
*Anything that can be mapped!
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What is Geography? ge · og · ra · phy n. pl. ge · og · ra · phies 1. The study of the earth and its features and of the distribution of life on the earth, including human life and the effects of human activity.
2. The physical characteristics, especially the surface features, of an area.
3. A book on geography.
4. An ordered arrangement of constituent elements: charting a geography of the mind. Origin: Latin ge graphia, from Greek ge graphi : ge -, geo- (= earth) + -graphi , -graphy (=writing).] (The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language)
*Geography mixes up the physical and human aspects of our world into one field of study.
*Geography shows the relationship between people and the environment.
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What is a geographer?
Someone who analyzes the Earth from many points of view.
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The Five Themes of Geography
There are five ways to look at the earth When geographers work, they are guided by two basic questions:
1) Where are things located?
2) Why are they there?
To find these answers, geographers use five themes to organize information
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Things that geographers study: oceans plant life landforms people how the Earth and its people affect each other OwlTeacher.com
1) 2) 3) 4) 5)
THE FIVE THEMES:
LOCATION
– Geographers begin to study a place by finding where it is, or its location.
PLACE
location.
– Geographers study the physical and human
features
of a
HUMAN-ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION
– Geographers study how people them.
affect
or
shape
physical characteristics of their natural surroundings and how does their surroundings (environment) affect
MOVEMENT
– Helps explain how people, goods, and ideas get from one place to another.
REGIONS
– Geographers compare the climate, land, population, or history of one place to another.
The five themes of geography: Location: absolute: latitude and longitude / a street address, local location; relative location: from one place to another.
Place (physical / human features) What is it like there? What kind of place it is?
Human / Environment Interaction How do humans and the environment affect each other? (We depend on it, we modify it, we adapt to it) Movement (travel from place to place /exchange of good and ideas) Regions (united by similar physical conditions and cultural traits).
LOCATION Where are we?
Absolute Location
A latitude and longitude (global location) or a street address (local location).
Paris France is 48 2 o o North Latitude and East Longitude.
The White House is located at 1600 Pennsylvania Ave.
Relative Location
Described by landmarks, time, direction or distance. From one place to another.
Go 1 mile west on main street and turn left for 1 block.
PLACE What is it like there, what kind of place is it?
Human Characteristics
What are the main languages, customs, and beliefs.
How many people live, work, and visit a place.
Physical Characteristics
Landforms (mountains, rivers, etc.), climate, vegitation, wildlife, soil, etc.
HUMAN-ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION
How do humans and the environment affect each other?
We depend on it.
People depend on the Tennessee River for water and transportation.
We modify it.
People modify our environment by heating and cooling buildings for comfort.
We adapt to it.
We adapt to the environment by wearing clothing suitable for summer (shorts) and winter (coats), rain and shine.
MOVEMENT
How are people, goods, ideas moved from place to place?
Human Movement Trucks, Trains, Planes Information Movement Phones, computer (email), mail Idea Movement How do fads move from place to place? TV, Radio, Magazines
REGIONS
How are Regions similar to and different from other places?
Formal Regions
Regions defined by governmental or administrative boundaries (States, Countries, Cities) Regions defined by similar characteristics (Corn Belt, Rocky Mountain region, Chinatown).
Functional Regions
Regions defined by a function (newspaper service area, cell phone coverage area).
Vernacular Regions (Not in your book)
Regions defined by peoples perception (middle east, the south, etc.)
Remembering the 5 themes If you can
M
’
t remembering what they are just ask MR. HELP!!!
– Movement
R HE
interaction
L P
– Regions – Human Environment – Location - Place
Guess the definitions
Location Place Human environment/ interaction Movement Region
Location
1.
There are two ways to think about location: absolute location – describes the place ’ s exact position on the Earth.
2.
relative location – explains where a place is by describing places near it.
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Location
1.
2.
There are two ways to think about location: absolute location – _______________ ______________________________ _.
relative location – explains where a place is by describing places near it.
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Place
This includes a location ’ s physical and human features.
To describe physical features, you might say that the climate is hot or cold or that the land is hilly.
To describe human features, you might discuss how many people live there, what types of work they do, or what they do for fun.
Human-Environment Interaction
How do people adjust to and change their environment? How does the environment adjust to and change the people?
Geographers also use interaction to study the consequences of people ’ s actions.
Human-Environment Interaction
How do people adjust to and change their environment? How does the environment adjust to and change the people?
___________________________________________ ___________________________________________ ___________________________________________ _______.
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Movement
Explains how people, goods, and ideas move from one place to another.
Helps geographers understand cultural changes.
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Movement
Explains how _______________________ __________________________________.
Helps geographers understand cultural changes.
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Regions
A region has a unifying characteristic, like climate, land, population, or history.
On maps, geographers use color and shape or special symbols to show regions.
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Regions
A region has a unifying characteristic, like __________________________________.
On maps, geographers use color and shape or special symbols to show regions.
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Your assignment
Describe you and your family using the 5 Themes of Geography.
Make sure you use every theme.
Type your biography
The Geographer
’
s Tools
Globes and Maps: As people explored the Earth, they collected information about it.
Mapmakers wanted to present this information correctly.
The best way was to put it on a globe, a round ball that represented the Earth.
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The Geographer
’
s Tools
Globes and Maps: As people explored the Earth, they collected information about it.
___________________________________ _____________________________.
The best way was to put it on a globe, a round ball that represented the Earth.
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Because globes are not practical or easy to use to carry, flat maps were invented.
However, the earth is round and a map is flat.
Mapmakers had to find ways to make maps accurate.
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Because globes are not practical or easy to use to carry, _______________ were invented.
However, the earth is round and a map is flat.
Mapmakers had to find ways to make maps __________________.
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How Latitude and Longitude Form the Global Grid
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The Hemispheres
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Globes and Maps
The most accurate way to present information on the islands, continents, and bodies of water of the world is to put it all on a globe , a round ball like the Earth itself.
The only difference between a globe and the Earth itself is the scale , or size, represented on the globe.
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Globes and Maps
The most accurate way to present information on the islands, continents, and bodies of water of the world is to put it all on a ________ , a round ball like the Earth itself.
The only difference between a globe and the Earth itself is the __________ , or size, represented on the globe.
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Globes have a disadvantage: They cannot be complete enough to be useful and at the same time be small enough to be convenient. Therefore, people invented flat maps.
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Globes have a disadvantage: They cannot be complete enough to be useful and at the same time be small enough to be convenient. Therefore, people invented ___________.
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Maps try to show the Earth, which is round, on a flat surface. This causes distortion , or a change in accuracy of the shapes and distances of places. It is impossible to show the Earth on a flat surface without some distortion.
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Maps try to show the Earth, which is round, on a flat surface. This causes distortion , or a change in accuracy of the shapes and distances of places. _________________________________________________ ___________________.
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Getting It All On the Map
The World: Mercator Projection
• • • •
In 1569, a geographer named Gerardus Mercator created a flat map to help sailors navigate long journeys across the globe.
The Mercator projection, or method of putting a map of the Earth onto a flat piece of paper, is used by nearly all deep-sea navigators.
The Mercator projection is a conformal map, meaning that it shows correct shapes, but not true distances or sizes. There are many types of other projections of the globe.
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The World: Three Projections
Interrupted Projection There are many ways to show a globe on a flat map. The interrupted projection map, on the left, shows real sizes and shapes of continents. The equal area map , below left, shows size accurately. The Peters projection, below, shows land and oceans areas and correct directions accurately Peters Projection Equal-Area Projection
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The World: A Robinson Projection
ARCTIC OCEAN
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The Parts of a Map
Compass Rose A compass rose is a model of a compass. It tells the cardinal directions, which are north, south, east, and west.
Scale The scale on a map tells you the relative distance on the map to the real world. For example, a map’s scale may tell you that one inch on the map equals one mile in the real world.
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The Parts of a Map
Compass Rose A compass rose is a ________________. It tells the cardinal directions, which are north, south, east, and west.
Scale The scale on a map tells you the relative distance on the map to the real world. For example, a map’s scale may tell you that ______ ________________________________________ ______________________________________.
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Key The key, or legend, on a map explains what the symbols on a map represent, such as triangles representing trees.
Grids Some maps use a grid of parallels and meridians. On a map of a small area, letters and numbers are often used to help you find your location.
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Key The key, or legend, on a map explains what ________________________________________ __________________________________.
Grids Some maps use a grid of parallels and meridians. On a map of a small area, letters and numbers are often used to help you find your location.
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Branches of Geography
There are three main branches of geography: Human Geography Physical Geography Environmental Geography
Human Geography
Human geography is concerned with the spatial aspects of human existence - how people and their activity are distributed in space, how they use and perceive space, and how they create and sustain the places that make up the earth's surface. Human geographers work in the fields of urban and regional planning, transportation, marketing, real estate, tourism, and international business.
Physical Geography
Physical geographers study patterns of climates, land forms, vegetation, soils, and water. They forecast the weather, manage land and water resources, and analyze and plan for forests, rangelands, and wetlands.
Many human and physical geographers have skills in cartography and Geographic Information Systems (GIS).
Environmental Geography
Geographers also study the linkages between human activity and natural systems. Geographers were, in fact, among the first scientists to sound the alarm that human-induced changes to the environment were beginning to threaten the balance of life itself. They are active in the study of global warming, desertification, deforestation, loss of biodiversity, groundwater pollution, and flooding.
All geographers study the linkages, or
interdependency
natural systems.
, between human activity and
History of Geography
Note the relationship between the rise/decline of empires and the rise/decline of geography. Empires “need” geography when their “world” has expanded, thus (così) more studies are devoted to it.
Geographic inquiry!
Greek Geographic Thought 500 BCE to 500 CE
Eratosthenes Credited with coining the term “geography,” which literally means “earth-writing.” Remarkably accurate computation of the earth’s circumference (error of less than 2%!), which he based on the angle of the sun at the summer solstice and the distance between the two Egyptian cities of Alexandria and Syene.
Greek Geographic Thought 500 BCE to 500 CE
Ptolemy Published Guide to Geography in the second century BCE, which included rough maps of the landmasses, as he understood them at the time, and a global
grid
system. Key word
grid reference lines on map
The Chinese and Arab World 500 CE to 1500 CE
Chinese: During Roman days, Chinese geographers knew as much as Western geographers. The compass was invented in China in the 11th century for navigation. Muslim: Arab geographers and librarians from about 700-1400 CE translated the geographic works of the Greeks and Romans, which later helped to spurn European exploration during the Renaissance.
Western Europe 1500 CE to 1900 CE
European global exploration --need for good navigation, knowledge about the world Expanding empires of Spain, England, France, Netherlands, Germany imperialism: the extension of the power of a nation through direct or indirect control of the economy and political life of other territories
Rise of Modern Geography
1700’s -- Immanuel Kant (philosopher), Carl Ritter, and Alexander von Humboldt stressed (sottolineò) the interdependence of people, plants, and animals. 1800’s -- “environmental determinism” (Darwinian geography) where the environment determines how people live. 1900’s -- the “quantitative revolution” some of the techniques that epitomize the quantitative revolution include: [1] Descriptive statistics ; Inferential statistics ; Basic mathematical equations and models, such as gravity model the Coulomb equation; of social physics, or Stochastic models using concepts of probability , such as spatial diffusion processes; Deterministic models , e.g. Von Thünen's and Weber's location models .
The Five Themes of the Spatial Perspective
Location Human-Environment Interaction Region Place Movement
Location
Where something is on the earth and the effects that position has on human life.
Location
Absolute location (mathematical) Latitude & Longitude degrees, minutes, seconds Relative Location “place” in relation to surroundings Site versus situation Site- a place’s internal physical and cultural characteristics Situation- context
Location
Human-Environment Interaction
How human activities affect their environment and how environmental changes impact human life.
Positive and negative effects of interaction
Region
Spatial units that share some similar characteristics.
Types of Regions
Formal Region A type of region marked by a certain degree of homogeneity in one or more phenomena; also called uniform region or homogenous region. Examples: a country linked by government, a climate region, a religious region.
Functional Region Defined by the places affected by the movement of some phenomenon from its source (node) to other places. Examples: airline routes, area affected by a disease. Perceptual Region A region that only exists as a conceptualization or an idea and not as a physically demarcated entity, e.g. in the US, “the South” and “ the Mid-Atlantic region”
Place
Unique combination of physical and cultural attributes that give each location on the earth its individual identity.
Human components: Religion Language Politics Artwork Physical components Climate Terrain Natural resources
Movement
Geographers analyze the movement occurring in space: Information People Goods Other phenomena Spatial interaction- how places interact through movement
Friction of Distance
Degree to which distance interferes with some interaction. Been reduced in many aspects of life with improved transportation and communication technology.
New phenomenon: Space-time compression Increasing sense of accessibility and connectivity that seems to be bringing humans in distant places closer together.
Managing change in the human environment
Population Change How do populations change?
Population Key Terms
Birth rate – the number of births per 1000 people Death rate – the number of deaths per 1000 people Fertility rate – the number of births to women aged 15 to 45 Life expectancy – the average age a person can expect to live from birth Rate of natural increase – the difference between death and birth rate Migration – the movement of people from one place to another Population change – change in a population measured in terms of birth rate, death rate and migration figures
What has happened to word population?
World population has doubled between 1950 and 2000 Today and into the future more people are likely to be living in LEDCs than MEDCs World Population MEDC LEDC 1950 2.5 billion 0.8 billion 32% 1.7 billion 68% 2000 6 billion 1.3 billion 20% 4.7 billion 80% 2050 (est.) 9 billion 10% (est.) 90% (est.) A greater proportion of people are living in LEDCs which tend to be poorer and less developed countries
LEDC - Less Economically Developed Country MEDC - More Economically Developed Country
What has happened to word population?
Physical and human factors of population change
Physical factors Human factors
Natural disasters - floods, earthquakes and storms Healthcare Development Disease - AIDS Religion/culture (may encourage family size) Education Physical and human factors can have different effects in LEDCs and MEDCs.
Government Conflict Migration (usually from LEDC to MEDC)
What are the causes of population change?
Stage 1 – high birth rate, high death rate, low growth rate, stable population Stage 2 – high birth rate, death rate begins to fall, growth rate rises, population total rises
Demographic Transition Model
Stage 3 – Death rate continues to fall, birth rate begins to fall, growth rate begins to slow down, total population rises Stage 4 – Death rate stays the same, birth rate falls, growth slows, total population may decline
Population structure
The proportion of older people increasing The elderly dependent population is increasing The number of young people under 15 is decreasing (young dependents) Growth is static, typical of MEDC Proportion of elderly people small Increasing number of middle aged people Proportion of young people under 15 is large (young dependents) The total population will keep growing, typical of an LEDC
Managing change in the human environment
Population Change What are the effects of population change?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
LEDCs – What would happen if growth rates continue to be high?
Basic necessities for life such as food and water will be in short supply By 2025, 2 out of 3 people will have access to clean water Increasing levels of malnutrition (Africa and Asia) Cities in LEDCs will continue to grow rapidly with high levels of pollution, disease and poor sanitation The quality of life may decrease with more dependent children and not enough work Difficult to provide adequate health care and education
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
MEDCs – What would happen if growth rates continue to decline?
The proportion of dependent elderly people needing care will increase e.g. UK and Japan The number and proportion of young people will decrease as in Italy The working population will be a smaller proportion of a countries population Service, such as healthcare and pensions will be difficult to provide for an elderly population Housing, education and other needs will change The quality of life for some may decrease, as in Russia
UK: Ageing Populations
As people live longer the structure of a population changes. The UK is now experiencing a significant increase in the numbers of elderly people as a proportion of the population as whole. As birth rates fall and people have smaller families, the number of young dependants is falling and the number of elderly dependants is rising. In the near future this will mean that there are fewer people of working age to support the elderly population.
Kenya: Disease (Aids)
Total Population: 31 million Growth rate: 1% Fertility rate: 3.3 per woman Death rate: 15 per 100 Infant mortality: 62 per 100 births Life expectancy: 47 years Many of these figures are estimates because of the death rate from AIDS. AIDS can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates.
• The AIDS pandemic is costing the Kenyan government more than £1.8 million a days in medical care, lost labour force and funeral expenses.
• Government figures show that up to 25% of Kenyans are HIV positive, but only 2% can afford the correct medicines.
Managing change in the human environment
Population Change How can population change be managed?
Why do we need to manage population change?
Countries with too many people for their resources and a poor quality of life may want to reduce the birth rate Countries were few children are being born may not have enough people in the future to look after an ageing population Migration to find work, natural hazards or war can affect population and create refugees and asylum seekers Non Government Organisations (NGOs) NGOs such as population concern and UNICEF work to support people in improving the quality of their lives e.g. contraception or aid. This does have an effect of the number of children that are born.
How can some of the causes of population change be managed?
LEDCs
Birth Control - countries can actively encourage people to have less children and use contraception. China has enforced a one-child policy onto its population, but it may be possible to change the social environment as in Kerala, leading to people wanting fewer children.
Education - educating women can contribute to a reduction in the birth rate (e.g. Kerala) Agricultural reform - changes in farming such as using appropriate technology may improve yields and lessen stress on the land.
Healthcare - improved healthcare may help very poor people to see that they do not have to have six children to ensure that three will live long enough to help them in their work and look after them in their old age. (e.g. Bangladesh) Employment - many people choose to have fewer children if they have work, money and their standard of living rises.
How can some of the causes of population change be managed?
MEDCs
Standard of living - if this falls in an MEDC and people become poorer, they may choose not to have children. If people think life will get better, they may have more children.
Choice - some people just do not want children. The average family size is shrinking and in the UK is now 1.7 children per family, down from 2.4 in the mid 1990s. Governments may encourage their populations to have more children.
The effect of Government Policies: China The Chinese government was concerned that if population continue to grow at the same rate in China there will be famine and starvation.
1. In 1979 the Chinese government enforced a ‘ one child policy ’ 2. Each family could have only one child 3. The policy was enforced and the current population of 1300 million is set to fall in 2020 Most families want a male heir, and some girl babies are abandoned and brought up in orphanages. One child policy There are now more men than women in China, 116 men to 100 females (2001 census)
The effect of Government Policies: India (Kerala) India Population: 1100 million Children per family: 3.2
India may become the most populated country in 2020, however the growth rate if falling.
The greatest fall in fertility is in the southern state of Kerala.
Life expectancy (women) Infant mortality (per 1000) Female literacy Average number of children per family Kerala India UK 75 61 80 14 85% 1.8
70 57% 99% 3.2
6 1.7
1. In Kerala women have always been valued and educated (85% of women in Kerala are literate, 57% is the average in India).
2. Healthcare is good and infant mortality has dropped to 14 per 1000 (70 per 1000 in Indian on average) 3. Work is available and the social environment has changed 4. Families choose not to have to many children, so the average is 1.8
Population GCSE
Definitions you need to know
BIRTH RATE DEATH RATE INFANT MORTALITY NATURAL INCREASE / DECREASE CARRYING CAPACITY OPTIMUM POPULATION OVERPOPULATION MIGRATION EMIGRATION IMMIGRANTS LIFE EXPECTANCY
Demographic Transition Model
External links
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LFgb1BdPBZo news on pop growth ch4 http://www.worldometers.info/ counters stats clocks and
What does this number represent?
6,830,586,985
Population Dynamics
1.1 How and why is population changing in different parts of the world?
a) The world’s population was increasing exponentially, but future growth rates are uncertain Read through the article.
What issues does it raise?
Lesson 1: How is the world’s population changing?
Population Dynamics
Lesson 1: How is the world’s population changing?
Learning Objectives:
•
To describe how the world’s population has grown in the past.
•
To explain how populations change.
•
To suggest reasons for the changes in the world’s population
Lesson 1: How is the world’s population changing?
Describe how the world’s population has changed since 1800
Lesson 1: How is the world’s population changing?
How the world’s population has changed since 1800.
• Since 1800 the world’s population has grown.
• It took 118 years for the population to double from 1 to 2 billion.
• From the 1950s there has been a population explosion.
• The time it has taken the population to grow by 1 billion has shortened to 12 years between 1987 and 1999.
• The population is still growing but not at such as a fast rate.
Lesson 1: How is the world’s population changing?
How does the population change?
Natural Increase = Birth Rate – Death Rate (+/- Migration)
Lesson 1: How is the world’s population changing?
Key Terms: Birth rate
– the number of live deaths per 1000 people per year
Death rate
– the number of deaths per 1000 people per year
Natural Increase
– the difference between the birth rate and death rate
Migration
countries.
– the process of people changing their place of residence, either within or between
Lesson 1: How is the world’s population changing?
What factors have caused rapid population growth?
• The development of modern medicines.
• The introduction of vaccination and immunisation programmes.
• Better healthcare – and hospitals.
• Better diet.
more doctors, nurses • More hygienic housing.
• Cleaner drinking water and better sewage disposal.
Lesson 1: How is the world’s population changing?
World Population Growth, Actual and Projected, 1950-2050
Why are people not sure about how the population may grow in the future?
Why are people not sure about how the population may grow in the future?
Population Dynamics
1.1 How and why is population changing in different parts of the world?
a) The world’s population was increasing exponentially, but future growth rates are uncertain
What does it tell us about the world’s population?
Watch the following clip
Lesson 2: Is population change the same in different parts of the world?
Population Dynamics
Lesson 2: Is population change the same in different places?
Learning Objectives:
•
To explain why it is hard to predict how the world’s population will grow in the future.
•
To describe patterns of population growth in different parts of the world.
•
To explain why the population in different parts of the world is growing at different rates.
Lesson 2: Is population change the same in different places?
Calculate the natural increase of each country.
What is the formula?
Natural Increase = Birth Rate – Death Rate
Lesson 2: Is population change the same in different places?
100 000
Natural Increase and GDP (per capita)
10 000 1 000 100 10 -5 1 0 5 10 15 20
Natural Increase
25 30 35 40
Lesson 2: Is population change the same in different places?
What were the differences between the different countries?
High Income
countries have low population growth, population balance or even population decline.
Low and middle income
countries have higher levels of population increase.
Population change is related to a countries development
Population change. What does this map tell us?
Population Dynamics
1.1 How and why is population changing in different parts of the world?
a) The world’s population was increasing exponentially, but future growth rates are uncertain What were the differences between the different countries?
High Income
countries have low population growth, population balance or even population decline.
Low and middle income
countries have higher levels of population increase.
Population change is related to a countries development
Lesson 3: How does development affect population?
Population Dynamics
Lesson 3: How does development affect population?
Learning Objectives:
•
To describe how birth rate, death rate and total population change as a country develops
•
To explain why these changes take place
•
To describe and explain the stages of the Demographic Transition Model
Lesson 3: How does development affect population?
Demographic Transition Model (DTM)
This
model
shows how population changes as countries become more developed. The world’s countries are at different stages of this model.
Lesson 3: How does development affect population?
Mix and match exercise What you need to be able to do:
• Describe the birth rate, death rate and total population at each stage of the model.
• Explain the factors that affect the BR and DR at each stage.
Use the task sheet to help you with this exercise
Lesson 3: How does development affect population?
Birth Rate and Death rate is high and fluctuating The population has periods of increase and decrease Reasons for high birth rate:
Little or no birth control High infant mortality Children seen as an asset and status symbol
Reasons for high death rate:
High infant mortality High incidence of disease Poor nutrition and famine Poor housing and hygiene Little or no healthcare
Lesson 3: How does development affect population?
High Birth Rate Rapidly falling Death Rate Rapid population rise Reasons for rapid fall in death rate:
Lower infant mortality Improved healthcare and hygiene Better nutrition Safer water and better waste disposal
Lesson 3: How does development affect population?
Falling death rate Falling birth rate Population growth slows Reasons for rapid falling birth rates:
Widespread birth control Preference for smaller families Expense of bringing up children Low infant mortality rates
Lesson 3: How does development affect population?
Birth rate and Death rate are low and Fluctuating The population has periods of increase and decrease Reasons for rapid falling birth rates:
Effective birth control Working women having children later
Lesson 3: How does development affect population?
Death rate rises slightly above birth rate Natural decrease Population decline Reasons:
Life expectancy is high Less people in the reproductive age range (15-50)
Lesson 3: How does development affect population?
What are the problems with using this model?
Learning Objectives:
•
To describe how birth rate, death rate and total population change as a country develops
•
To explain why these changes take place
•
To describe and explain the stages of the Demographic Transition Model
Population Dynamics
What do we need to know?
What has happened to global population – historically, currently and future trends?
Socio-cultural and economic factors affecting birth and death rates.
Factors driving changes in fertility and mortality rates.
How and why population change varies?
Issues relating to youthful and ageing populations. Why some countries wish to control their population?
The impact and effectiveness of policies to control population.
What policies exist to manage migration?
Why countries adopt different migration policies?
Tensions that arise as a result of inward migration.
Learning Objectives
To know what has happened to global population over the last millennium. To know how population increases.
To be able to explain what exponential growth is.
What has happened to the global population?
http://math.berkeley.edu/~galen/popclk.html
The population is constantly increasing. How much do you think it will have increased by at the end of the lesson?
Total World Population What makes the population grow?
When is the rate of growth the quickest?
What do you think exponential growth means?
Estimate When did population growth start to increase rapidly? Why might this of happened?
Year
Exponential Growth
Has been occurring – it is the amount of time taken for the population to double.
For example in 1804 it had taken 300 years to double from ½ billion to 1 billion.
In 1999 the double time had fallen to 39 years from 3 billion to 6 billion.
The world population is growing at an alarming rate in 2008 at least another 65 million people were added to the global total.
–
What do you think is going to happen in the future?
What problems do you think we are going to cause?
Since 2000 the rate of growth has began to slow down, but the population will reach 9 than today.
– 10 billion before it starts to decline, that is 33% more people in the World • http://math.berkeley.edu/~galen/popclk.html
How and why is population changing?
Mr. Marsh
Learning Objectives
To understand that population can change due to two distinct factors.
To be able to match up key terms and definitions for the unit.
To suggest reasons why a countries population might change rapidly.
Births Immigrants + Natural Change Population GAIN
Total Population
Population LOSS + Migration Change Deaths Emigrants
Task
On the worksheet, you have to match up the key terms with the correct definitions. Do this in pencil first so that you can correct them if you don’t quite get them all right.
Why does population increase?
Mainly due to a decline in death rates and infant mortality rates but why?
Immigration Cleaner drinking water and better sewage disposal. Why does population increase?
Development of modern medicines.
Pro-natalist policy – EG – Singapore/Estonia Better diets – promoting healthy eating ‘5 a day’ Better healthcare – more doctors, nurses and hospitals.
More hygienic housing Introduction of vaccination and immunisation programmes.
Anti-natalist policy such as China – ‘One Child policy’
Why does population decrease?
Spread of diseases and not having medical facilities or cures such as HIV/AIDS Death rate is higher than the birth rate Why does population decrease?
Natural disasters such as famine, drought, flooding, tsunamis etc etc.
War/conflict – men away from home – not many babies being born – lives also lost in action. Emigration Food shortages
Types of Migration
Voluntary – immigration and emigration because people/families wish to move. Involuntary/forced –
refugees
– a person who is residing outside the country of their birth due to fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion or political opinion.