Transcript Body Fluids FINAL ROUND Electrolytes Acid

Water, Electrolytes, and Acid-Base Balance
Body Fluids
Electrolytes
Acid-Base
Clinical Focus
Grab Bag
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FINAL ROUND
Body Fluids:
$100 Question
This mechanism is the main regulator of
water intake:
a. amount of saliva being produced
b. thirst
c. small changes in ECF volume
d. changes in ECF
e. pH
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Body Fluids:
$100 Answer
This mechanism is the main regulator of
water intake:
a. amount of saliva being produced
b. thirst
c. small changes in ECF volume
d. changes in ECF
e. pH
BACK TO GAME
Body Fluids:
$200 Question
The capillary endothelium separates these
two body fluid compartments:
a. ICF and ECF
b. ICF and interstitial fluid
c. cerebrospinal and brain tissue fluid
d. plasma and interstitial fluid
ANSWER
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Body Fluids:
$200 Answer
The capillary endothelium separates these
two body fluid compartments:
a. ICF and ECF
b. ICF and interstitial fluid
c. cerebrospinal and brain tissue fluid
d. plasma and interstitial fluid
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Body Fluids:
$300 Question
Intracellular fluid:
a. comprises a smaller percentage of
body weight than extracellular fluid
b. has a lower concentration of sodium
ions than extracellular fluid
c. has a lower concentration of
potassium ions than extracellular fluid
d. has a higher concentration of calcium
ANSWER
ions than extracellular fluid
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Body Fluids:
$300 Answer
Intracellular fluid:
a. comprises a smaller percentage of
body weight than extracellular fluid
b. has a lower concentration of sodium
ions than extracellular fluid
c. has a lower concentration of
potassium ions than extracellular fluid
d. has a higher concentration of calcium
ions than extracellular fluid
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Body Fluids:
$400 Question
A decrease in blood pressure has this
effect:
a. results in increased aldosterone
secretion
b. causes decreased ADH secretion
c. inhibits sympathetic stimulation
d. results in
e. all of the above
ANSWER
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Body Fluids:
$400 Answer
A decrease in blood pressure has this
effect:
a. results in increased aldosterone
secretion
b. causes decreased ADH secretion
c. inhibits sympathetic stimulation
d. results in vasodilation
e. all of the above
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Body Fluids:
$500 Question
These statements about the secretion of
atrial natriuretic hormone (ANH) are true
except:
a. it is stimulated by an increase in
blood volume
b. it decreases Na+ reabsorption
c. decreases water loss
d. decreases extracellular fluid ANSWER
volume
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Body Fluids:
$500 Answer
These statements about the secretion of
atrial natriuretic hormone (ANH) are true
except:
a. it is stimulated by an increase in
blood volume
b. it decreases Na+ reabsorption
c. decreases water loss
d. decreases extracellular fluid
volume
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Electrolytes:
$100 Question
The following are electrolytes except:
a. Na+
b. Clc. H2O
d. K+
e. Ca2+
ANSWER
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Electrolytes:
$100 Answer
The following are electrolytes except:
a. Na+
b. Clc. H2O
d. K+
e. Ca2+
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Electrolytes:
$200 Question
An increase in the ECF Na+ levels would
cause this:
a. red blood cells to swell
b. Na+ to shift out of the ICF and into
the ECF
c. water to shift out of the ICF and
into the ECF
d. water to shift out of the ECF and
ANSWER
into the ICF
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Electrolytes:
$200 Answer
An increase in the ECF Na+ levels would
cause this:
a. red blood cells to swell
b. Na+ to shift out of the ICF and into
the ECF
c. water to shift out of the ICF and
into the ECF
d. water to shift out of the ECF and
into the ICF
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Electrolytes:
$300 Question
ECF calcium levels are mainly regulated
by this hormone:
a. aldosterone
b. antidiuretic hormone
c. parathyroid hormone
d. atrial natriuretic hormone
ANSWER
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Electrolytes:
$300 Answer
ECF calcium levels are mainly regulated
by this hormone:
a. aldosterone
b. antidiuretic hormone
c. parathyroid hormone
d. atrial natriuretic hormone
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Electrolytes:
$400 Question
85% of phosphate in the body is found in
the form of calcium phosphate salts in the
bones and teeth.
True/False
ANSWER
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Electrolytes:
$400 Answer
85% of phosphate in the body is found in
the form of calcium phosphate salts in the
bones and teeth.
True/False
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Electrolytes:
$500 Question
Aldosterone secretion from the adrenal
cortex is stimulated by angiotensin II and
this:
a. elevated blood Na+ ion levels
b. decreased blood Cl- ion levels
c. elevated blood K+ ion levels
d. decreased blood Ca2+ ion levels
e. elevated blood pressure
ANSWER
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Electrolytes:
$500 Answer
Aldosterone secretion from the adrenal
cortex is stimulated by angiotensin II and
this:
a. elevated blood Na+ ion levels
b. decreased blood Cl- ion levels
c. elevated blood K+ ion levels
d. decreased blood Ca2+ ion levels
e. elevated blood pressure
BACK TO GAME
Acid-Base:
$100 Question
This statement best describes an acid:
a. releases H+ when it dissociates
b. combines with H+ when added to a
solution
c. increases the pH of the solution
d. releases OH- when it dissociates
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Acid-Base:
$100 Answer
This statement best describes an acid:
a. releases H+ when it dissociates
b. combines with H+ when added to a
solution
c. increases the pH of the solution
d. releases OH- when it dissociates
BACK TO GAME
Acid-Base:
$200 Question
Respiratory regulation of pH depends
upon this mechanism:
a. carbonic acid/bicarbonate buffer
system
b. phosphate buffer system
c. protein buffer system
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Acid-Base:
$200 Answer
Respiratory regulation of pH depends
upon this mechanism:
a. carbonic acid/bicarbonate buffer
system
b. phosphate buffer system
c. protein buffer system
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Acid-Base:
$300 Question
An increase in blood carbon dioxide levels
is followed by a(n) ____________ in H+
and a(n) ____________ in blood pH.
a. increase, increase
b. increase, decrease
c. decrease, increase
d. decrease, decrease
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Acid-Base:
$300 Answer
An increase in blood carbon dioxide levels
is followed by a(n) ____________ in H+
and a(n) ____________ in blood pH.
a. increase, increase
b. increase, decrease
c. decrease, increase
d. decrease, decrease
BACK TO GAME
Acid-Base:
$400 Question
If the pH of the blood decreases, the pH of
the urine will:
a. decrease
b. increase
c. be unaffected
ANSWER
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Acid-Base:
$400 Answer
If the pH of the blood decreases, the pH of
the urine will:
a. decrease
b. increase
c. be unaffected
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Acid-Base:
$500 Question
Hyperventilation due to emotions causes:
a. metabolic acidosis
b. metabolic alkalosis
c. respiratory acidosis
d. respiratory alkalosis
ANSWER
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Acid-Base:
$500 Answer
Hyperventilation due to emotions causes:
a. metabolic acidosis
b. metabolic alkalosis
c. respiratory acidosis
d. respiratory alkalosis
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Clinical Focus:
$100 Question
Hypocalcemia has this symptom:
a. anorexia
b. constipation
c. fatigue
d. muscle spasms
e. kidney stones
ANSWER
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Clinical Focus:
$100 Answer
Hypocalcemia has this symptom:
a. anorexia
b. constipation
c. fatigue
d. muscle spasms
e. kidney stones
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Clinical Focus:
$200 Question
This best describes a diuretic:
a. substance that causes water retention
b. a substance that causes increased
urine production
c. a drug that may be administered in
order to prevent water excretion in the
urine
d. a drug that may be administered in
order to reduce water loss through
ANSWER
sweating
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Clinical Focus:
$200 Answer
This best describes a diuretic:
a. substance that causes water retention
b. a substance that causes increased
urine production
c. a drug that may be administered in
order to prevent water excretion in the
urine
d. a drug that may be administered in
order to reduce water loss through
sweating
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Clinical Focus:
$300 Question
Hyposecretion of ADH causes this:
a. hypercalcemia
b. hyponatremia
c. diabetes mellitus
d. diabetes insipidus
ANSWER
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Clinical Focus:
$300 Answer
Hyposecretion of ADH causes this:
a. hypercalcemia
b. hyponatremia
c. diabetes mellitus
d. diabetes insipidus
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Clinical Focus:
$400 Question
Reduced elimination of CO2 from the body
results in this:
a. metabolic acidosis
b. metabolic alkalosis
c. respiratory acidosis
d. respiratory alkalosis
ANSWER
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Clinical Focus:
$400 Answer
Reduced elimination of CO2 from the body
results in this:
a. metabolic acidosis
b. metabolic alkalosis
c. respiratory acidosis
d. respiratory alkalosis
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Clinical Focus:
$500 Question
These are all causes of metabolic acidosis
except:
a. vomiting of intestinal contents
b. untreated diabetes mellitus
c. heart failure
d. ingestion of sodium bicarbonate
e. ingestion of aspirin
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Clinical Focus:
$500 Answer
These are all causes of metabolic acidosis
except:
a. vomiting of intestinal contents
b. untreated diabetes mellitus
c. heart failure
d. ingestion of sodium bicarbonate
e. ingestion of aspirin
BACK TO GAME
Grab Bag:
$100 Question
Loss of a large volume of sweat results in
the body fluids becoming __________
which causes __________ in plasma
volume.
a. hypertonic, a decrease
b. hypertonic, an increase
c. isotonic, no change
d. hypotonic, a decrease
e. hypotonic, an increase
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Grab Bag:
$100 Answer
Loss of a large volume of sweat results in
the body fluids becoming __________
which causes __________ in plasma
volume.
a. hypertonic, a decrease
b. hypertonic, an increase
c. isotonic, no change
d. hypotonic, a decrease
e. hypotonic, an increase
BACK TO GAME
Grab Bag:
$200 Question
This normally represents the SMALLEST
source of water loss from the body:
a. evaporation
b. feces
c. sensible and insensible perspiration
d. urine
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Grab Bag:
$200 Answer
This normally represents the SMALLEST
source of water loss from the body:
a. evaporation
b. feces
c. sensible and insensible perspiration
d. urine
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Grab Bag:
$300 Question
The reaction between CO2 and H2O is
catalyzed by this:
a. angiotensin-converting enzyme
b. carbonic anhydrase
c. sodium bicarbonate
d. phosphate
e. carbonic acid
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Grab Bag:
$300 Answer
The reaction between CO2 and H2O is
catalyzed by this:
a. angiotensin-converting enzyme
b. carbonic anhydrase
c. sodium bicarbonate
d. phosphate
e. carbonic acid
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Grab Bag:
$400 Question
This substance is necessary for the
transport of Ca2+ ions across the wall of
the intestinal tract:
a. Calcitonin
b. PTH
c. Aldosterone
d. Angiotensin II
e. Vitamin D
ANSWER
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Grab Bag:
$400 Answer
This substance is necessary for the
transport of Ca2+ ions across the wall of
the intestinal tract:
a. Calcitonin
b. PTH
c. Aldosterone
d. Angiotensin II
e. Vitamin D
BACK TO GAME
Grab Bag:
$500 Question
The major effect of acidosis is the
__________ of the nervous system,
whereas a major effect of alkalosis is
__________ of the nervous system.
a. depression, hyperexcitability
b. hyperexcitability, depression
ANSWER
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Grab Bag:
$500 Answer
The major effect of acidosis is the
__________ of the nervous system,
whereas a major effect of alkalosis is
__________ of the nervous system.
a. depression, hyperexcitability
b. hyperexcitability, depression
BACK TO GAME
FINAL ROUND Question
Swifty Trotts has an Escherichia coli (E.
coli) infection that produces severe
diarrhea and causes metabolic acidosis.
The following effects are observed:
a. blood pH decreases
b. increased respiratory rate to
combat the acidosis
c. H+ are secreted into the urine
d. a and b only
e. all of these
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
FINAL ROUND Answer
Swifty Trotts has an Escherichia coli (E.
coli) infection that produces severe
diarrhea and causes metabolic acidosis.
The following effects are observed:
a. blood pH decreases
b. increased respiratory rate to
combat the acidosis
c. H+ are secreted into the urine
d. a and b only
e. all of these
BACK TO GAME