Transcript National Arrangements
CGE Training Materials National Greenhouse Gas Inventories National Arrangements
Version 2, April 2012
Consultative Group of Experts (CGE)
Training Materials for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories
Target Audience and Objective of the Training Materials
These training materials are suitable for people with
beginner
to
intermediate level
knowledge of national greenhouse gas (GHG) inventory development.
After having read this presentation, in combination with the related documentation, the reader should: Have an
overview
of how important national arrangements are for the regular development of GHG inventories Have a
general understanding
of the methods and tools available, as well as of the main challenges in that particular area Be able to
determine which approach
to follow in order to suit their country’s situation best Know where to
find more detailed informatio
n on this topic.
These training materials
are developed primarily on the basis of documents developed by the US-EPA
; hence the reader is
always encouraged to refer to the original documents
to obtain further detailed information on a particular issue.
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Acronyms
COP
GPG
NGO
QA/QC
SBI
SBSTA
TACCC
Conference of the Parties Good Practice Guidance Non-Governmental Organization Quality Assurance/Quality Control Subsidiary Body for Implementation Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice Transparency, Accuracy, Completeness, Comparability, Consistency
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National Arrangements - Goals
Ensure that the inventory process is based on relevant COP decisions:
Decision 17/CP.8
on the guidelines for non-Annex I Party national communications Other relevant COP decisions and SBSTA/SBI conclusions.
Ensure that
nationally appropriate procedures
for collecting, processing, communicating and archiving inventory data and information are in place.
Ensure
coordination
among all relevant government departments, national agencies, academia, research community and other stakeholders.
Ensure the
quality
of the inventory data.
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What is Quality?
National GHG inventories must produce emission/removal data which are neither far over nor below real values as far as can be judged according to the available data and information.
National GHG inventories must be prepared in accordance with the
TACCC principles
:
Transparency
Accuracy
Completeness
Comparability
Consistency.
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TACCC Principles
Transparency
: Assumptions and methodologies are clearly explained and documented to facilitate replication and assessment If you do not provide documentation, there is no way to demonstrate that any of the other principles has been met.
Accuracy
: Relative measure of the exactness of emission/removal estimates Estimates must be systematically neither over nor under true emissions/removals, as far as can be judged according to the available data and information Uncertainties must be reduced as far as practicable Appropriate methodologies must be used, in accordance with IPCC guidelines.
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TACCC Principles
Consistency
: Inventory internally consistent in all its elements with inventories from previous years; Same methodologies for the base year and all subsequent years Consistent data sets to estimate emissions and removals from sources/sinks.
Comparability
: Estimates must be comparable among Parties Methodologies and formats as agreed by COPs Allocation of source/sink categories, according to the Revised 1996 IPCC Guidelines.
Completeness
: All sources/sinks and gases included in the IPCC Guidelines Other existing specific source/sink categories Full geographic coverage of sources/sinks of a Party.
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What are National Arrangements for?
Help each Party meet reporting requirements by ensuring that the GHG inventory is prepared in accordance with the relevant COP decisions (e.g., 17/CP.8).
To ensure continuity through the development of national capacities and capabilities To ensure the sustainability of the GHG preparation process: Will also help with the regular preparation of biannual reports in accordance with relevant decisions under the UNFCCC process.
To inform international, national and local policy making.
To foster consistent estimation approaches across government agencies and offices.
To coordinate responses to requests for information.
To ensure high quality and objective inventory information.
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Who cares?
A wide audience of stakeholders...
Decision makers and policy advisors International climate change community Provincial and local agencies The public and interest groups (e.g., NGOs) Businesses Scientists.
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National Government
What are the main
drivers of emissions
and removals?
What are the
uncertainties
and
reliability
of the GHG estimates?
What are the past
trends
of
emissions
and
removals
(nationally and from individual activities)?
What are the effects of existing or planned policies and measures (including policies that may aggravate emissions)?
Is there consensus among government agencies and key stakeholders on our emission estimates?
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Other Stakeholders
International community
: Are your GHG estimates credible and transparent?
Does your GHG inventory fulfil the reporting requirements of the UNFCCC?
Businesses and NGOs
: How to quantify and get credit for activities that reduce emissions or sequester carbon?
What activities, industries, companies or policies have been responsible for significant increases or decreases in GHG emissions or removals?
Scientists
: Where does our country lack information to support political decisions?
What are the priorities for research and measurement?
What are the scientific uncertainties in the emission and sink estimates?
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Inventory Management System
Three key stages:
Planning
Preparation
(e.g., data collection and GHG estimation)
Management
(cross-cutting issues, reporting, documenting, archiving).
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Inventory Planning
Identify all institutions
to be involved: Appoint national inventory agency Allocate responsibilities for inventory preparation and management Define formal approval process within government.
Develop schedule:
Timeframe and specific milestones Make arrangements to collect data from statistical agencies, companies, industry associations, etc.
Create QA/QC plan.
Integrate continuous improvement.
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GHG Inventory Agency: Responsibilities
A single national entity to be responsible for the overall inventory
, to:
Arrange with collaborating entities
that contribute data, research, estimate emissions or provide expert reviews
Act as the legal authority
to collect and disseminate data necessary for the preparation of the inventory
Ensure inventory processes
are in compliance with COP decisions
Define and apply procedures
for collecting data, preparing inventory, communicating results, submitting report and archiving
Liaise
among government departments, national agencies
Ensure the implementation of QA/QC.
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GHG Inventory Preparation
Identify
key categories
and significant subcategories (see IPCC good practice guidance (2000) chapter 7 and IPCC good practice guidance (2003) chapter 5).
Select
methods
and
emission factors
(GPG decision trees at sector category level).
Collect
activity data
(both statistical and parametric).
Manage
recalculations
(if needed) (see IPCC good practice guidance (2000) chapter 7 and IPCC good practice guidance (2003) chapter 5).
Implement
QA/QC plan
: (see IPCC good practice guidance (2000) chapter 8 and IPCC good practice guidance (2003) chapter 5)
Basic checks
should be completed on entire inventory (Tier 1)
More in-depth investigations
into key categories (Tier 2).
Documentation.
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GHG Inventory Management
Implement
inventory review processes
(e.g., expert review, public review) Obtain
formal approval of final results
and report within government
Submission
of report to UNFCCC Make inventory
information available to stakeholders
and
respond
to information
requests
Archive
all documentation and results
Continuous improvement feedback.
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Examples of National Arrangements
National arrangements should be tailored to the country's circumstances.
Examples of existing arrangements: Brazil Republic of Korea India Philippines.
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Brazil’s Second National Communication
Overall coordinating responsibility: Ministry of Science and Technology The General Coordination on Global Climate Change was created, within the structure of the Ministry of Science and Technology (MST), in August 1994.
Contribution from: 600 institutions and 1,200 experts including: Ministry of Environment; Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Food Supply; Ministry of Mines and Energy; Ministry of Development, Industry and Foreign Trade - MIDIC, etc.
Federal institutions and state institutions Trade associations, NGOs, universities and research centres.
QA/QC Procedures: Verification of adequacy of the methodology Transparent background reports Review by experts not involved in inventory development Public consultation through MST's website (Apr-Sep 2010).
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Republic of Korea’s Greenhouse Gas Inventory and Research Centre
To act as a GHG inventory hub and greenhouse gas mitigation research think tank.
The Centre aims to operate a top tier GHG information centre.
Ensure statistical reliability and objectivity by establishing a comprehensive national GHG inventory system: Operate a national GHG inventory management council to review and finalize national statistics and emission factors Publish “National Greenhouse Gas Measurement/Reporting/Verification Guidelines”, and “National and Corporate Greenhouse Gas Emission Factor Development/Verification Guidelines” Verify and announce country- and facility-specific emission factors Prepare a mid- to long-term country-specific emission factors development plan.
Prepare a national inventory report (NIR): Collect and verify sectoral greenhouse gas statistics (every June), then present NIR (every December).
Establish a national GHG statistics database for the systematic management of national and corporate GHG emission factors and national statistics.
Establish a global cooperation system.
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Indian Network for Climate Change Assessment
Launched on 14 October 2009, comprising 127 institutions and 228 scientists across India with the role to: Assess the drivers and implications of climate change through scientific research Prepare climate change assessments once every two years (GHG estimations and impacts of climate change, associated vulnerabilities and adaptation) Develop decision support systems Build capacity towards management of climate change related risks and opportunities.
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The Philippines
The Philippine’s Inter-Agency Committee on Climate Change (IACCC) was tasked with oversight and coordination of the national communication process. Preparation of the GHG inventory by the Manila Observatory, in close coordination with public and private institutions, with a view to ensuring the sustainability of this initiative: A small team gathered the information needed to compile GHG emissions Activity data were collected from a number of government agencies and the private sector International databases such as those of the FAO were also used Default values were used in the absence of local data. Locally sourced information was available mainly from the LULUCF, agriculture and waste sectors.
During the process of data collection and analysis (which took about a year), focus group meetings (on a sectoral basis) were continually held among the agencies concerned. Training workshops were organized.
As a means to ensure the sustainability of this activity, a national inventory report that also served as a training manual was written by the Observatory team to enable agencies to conduct a similar exercise on their own.
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US-EPA Templates
US-EPA – Template Workbook for Developing a National GHG Inventory System
http://epa.gov/climatechange/emissions/ghginventorycapacitybuilding/templates.html
STEP 1: Identify current inventory management team STEP 2: Provide sectoral roles and arrangements STEP 3: Provide improvements to institutional arrangements STEP 4: Review and complete inventory cycle timeline
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Designated GHG Inventory Agency
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National Inventory Management Team
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Sectoral Institutional Arrangements
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Potential Improvements in the Management Structure of the National Inventory System
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Closing Remarks
A GHG inventory is
more than just a part of a national communication.
It should be viewed as a
broader analytical programme.
A ‘cookbook’ approach to developing a GHG inventory is not practical: There will always be a large and essential need for expert judgment at all levels of the process.
A well constructed inventory should
include enough documentation to allow readers to understand the underlying assumptions and calculations.
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Reference
US-EPA – Template Workbook for Developing a National GHG Inventory System http://epa.gov/climatechange/emissions/ghginventorycapacitybuilding/templates.html
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Thank you
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