CGE Training Materials National Greenhouse Gas Inventories National Arrangements

Version 2, April 2012

Consultative Group of Experts (CGE)

Training Materials for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories

Target Audience and Objective of the Training Materials

 These training materials are suitable for people with

beginner

to

intermediate level

knowledge of national greenhouse gas (GHG) inventory development.

 After having read this presentation, in combination with the related documentation, the reader should:  Have an

overview

of how important national arrangements are for the regular  development of GHG inventories Have a

general understanding

of the methods and tools available, as well as of the   main challenges in that particular area Be able to

determine which approach

to follow in order to suit their country’s situation best Know where to

find more detailed informatio

n on this topic.

 These training materials

are developed primarily on the basis of documents developed by the US-EPA

; hence the reader is

always encouraged to refer to the original documents

to obtain further detailed information on a particular issue.

Consultative Group of Experts (CGE)

Training Materials for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories 2

Acronyms



COP



GPG



NGO



QA/QC



SBI



SBSTA



TACCC

Conference of the Parties Good Practice Guidance Non-Governmental Organization Quality Assurance/Quality Control Subsidiary Body for Implementation Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice Transparency, Accuracy, Completeness, Comparability, Consistency

Consultative Group of Experts (CGE)

Training Materials for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories 3

National Arrangements - Goals

 Ensure that the inventory process is based on relevant COP decisions: 

Decision 17/CP.8

on the guidelines for non-Annex I Party national communications  Other relevant COP decisions and SBSTA/SBI conclusions.

 Ensure that

nationally appropriate procedures

for collecting, processing, communicating and archiving inventory data and information are in place.

 Ensure

coordination

among all relevant government departments, national agencies, academia, research community and other stakeholders.

 Ensure the

quality

of the inventory data.

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Training Materials for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories 4

What is Quality?

 National GHG inventories must produce emission/removal data which are neither far over nor below real values as far as can be judged according to the available data and information.

 National GHG inventories must be prepared in accordance with the

TACCC principles

: 

Transparency



Accuracy



Completeness



Comparability



Consistency.

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Training Materials for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories 5

TACCC Principles



Transparency

:   Assumptions and methodologies are clearly explained and documented to facilitate replication and assessment If you do not provide documentation, there is no way to demonstrate that any of the other principles has been met.



Accuracy

:     Relative measure of the exactness of emission/removal estimates Estimates must be systematically neither over nor under true emissions/removals, as far as can be judged according to the available data and information Uncertainties must be reduced as far as practicable Appropriate methodologies must be used, in accordance with IPCC guidelines.

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Training Materials for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories 6

TACCC Principles



Consistency

:  Inventory internally consistent in all its elements with inventories from previous years;   Same methodologies for the base year and all subsequent years Consistent data sets to estimate emissions and removals from sources/sinks.



Comparability

:  Estimates must be comparable among Parties   Methodologies and formats as agreed by COPs Allocation of source/sink categories, according to the Revised 1996 IPCC Guidelines.



Completeness

:  All sources/sinks and gases included in the IPCC Guidelines   Other existing specific source/sink categories Full geographic coverage of sources/sinks of a Party.

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Training Materials for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories 7

What are National Arrangements for?

 Help each Party meet reporting requirements by ensuring that the GHG inventory is prepared in accordance with the relevant COP decisions (e.g., 17/CP.8).

  To ensure continuity through the development of national capacities and capabilities To ensure the sustainability of the GHG preparation process:  Will also help with the regular preparation of biannual reports in accordance with relevant decisions under the UNFCCC process.

 To inform international, national and local policy making.

 To foster consistent estimation approaches across government agencies and offices.

 To coordinate responses to requests for information.

 To ensure high quality and objective inventory information.

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Training Materials for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories 8

Who cares?

 A wide audience of stakeholders...

 Decision makers and policy advisors  International climate change community  Provincial and local agencies  The public and interest groups (e.g., NGOs)  Businesses  Scientists.

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Training Materials for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories 9

National Government

 What are the main

drivers of emissions

and removals?

 What are the

uncertainties

and

reliability

of the GHG estimates?

 What are the past

trends

of

emissions

and

removals

(nationally and from individual activities)?

 What are the effects of existing or planned policies and measures (including policies that may aggravate emissions)?

 Is there consensus among government agencies and key stakeholders on our emission estimates?

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Other Stakeholders



International community

:  Are your GHG estimates credible and transparent?

 Does your GHG inventory fulfil the reporting requirements of the UNFCCC?



Businesses and NGOs

:  How to quantify and get credit for activities that reduce emissions or sequester  carbon?

What activities, industries, companies or policies have been responsible for significant increases or decreases in GHG emissions or removals?



Scientists

:  Where does our country lack information to support political decisions?

  What are the priorities for research and measurement?

What are the scientific uncertainties in the emission and sink estimates?

Consultative Group of Experts (CGE)

Training Materials for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories 11

Inventory Management System

 Three key stages: 

Planning



Preparation

(e.g., data collection and GHG estimation) 

Management

(cross-cutting issues, reporting, documenting, archiving).

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Inventory Planning



Identify all institutions

to be involved:    Appoint national inventory agency Allocate responsibilities for inventory preparation and management Define formal approval process within government.



Develop schedule:

 Timeframe and specific milestones  Make arrangements to collect data from statistical agencies, companies, industry associations, etc.



Create QA/QC plan.



Integrate continuous improvement.

Consultative Group of Experts (CGE)

Training Materials for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories 13

GHG Inventory Agency: Responsibilities



A single national entity to be responsible for the overall inventory

, to: 

Arrange with collaborating entities

that contribute data, research, estimate emissions or provide expert reviews 

Act as the legal authority

to collect and disseminate data necessary for the preparation of the inventory 

Ensure inventory processes

are in compliance with COP decisions 

Define and apply procedures

for collecting data, preparing inventory, communicating results, submitting report and archiving 

Liaise

among government departments, national agencies 

Ensure the implementation of QA/QC.

Consultative Group of Experts (CGE)

Training Materials for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories 14

GHG Inventory Preparation

 Identify

key categories

and significant subcategories (see IPCC good practice guidance (2000) chapter 7 and IPCC good practice guidance (2003) chapter 5).

 Select

methods

and

emission factors

(GPG decision trees at sector category level).

 Collect

activity data

(both statistical and parametric).

 Manage

recalculations

(if needed) (see IPCC good practice guidance (2000) chapter 7 and IPCC good practice guidance (2003) chapter 5).

 Implement

QA/QC plan

: (see IPCC good practice guidance (2000) chapter 8 and IPCC good practice guidance (2003) chapter 5) 

Basic checks

should be completed on entire inventory (Tier 1) 

More in-depth investigations

into key categories (Tier 2).

 Documentation.

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Training Materials for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories 15

GHG Inventory Management

 Implement

inventory review processes

(e.g., expert review, public review)  Obtain

formal approval of final results

and report within government 

Submission

of report to UNFCCC  Make inventory

information available to stakeholders

and

respond

to information

requests



Archive

all documentation and results 

Continuous improvement feedback.

Consultative Group of Experts (CGE)

Training Materials for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories 16

Examples of National Arrangements

 National arrangements should be tailored to the country's circumstances.

 Examples of existing arrangements:  Brazil  Republic of Korea  India  Philippines.

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Brazil’s Second National Communication

 Overall coordinating responsibility: Ministry of Science and Technology  The General Coordination on Global Climate Change was created, within the structure of the Ministry of Science and Technology (MST), in August 1994.

 Contribution from: 600 institutions and 1,200 experts including:  Ministry of Environment; Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Food Supply; Ministry of Mines and Energy; Ministry of Development, Industry and Foreign Trade - MIDIC, etc.

  Federal institutions and state institutions Trade associations, NGOs, universities and research centres.

 QA/QC Procedures:  Verification of adequacy of the methodology    Transparent background reports Review by experts not involved in inventory development Public consultation through MST's website (Apr-Sep 2010).

Consultative Group of Experts (CGE)

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Republic of Korea’s Greenhouse Gas Inventory and Research Centre

   To act as a GHG inventory hub and greenhouse gas mitigation research think tank.

The Centre aims to operate a top tier GHG information centre.

Ensure statistical reliability and objectivity by establishing a comprehensive national GHG inventory system:  Operate a national GHG inventory management council to review and finalize national  statistics and emission factors Publish “National Greenhouse Gas Measurement/Reporting/Verification Guidelines”, and “National and Corporate Greenhouse Gas Emission Factor Development/Verification Guidelines”   Verify and announce country- and facility-specific emission factors Prepare a mid- to long-term country-specific emission factors development plan.

 Prepare a national inventory report (NIR):  Collect and verify sectoral greenhouse gas statistics (every June), then present NIR (every December).

 Establish a national GHG statistics database for the systematic management of national and corporate GHG emission factors and national statistics.

 Establish a global cooperation system.

Consultative Group of Experts (CGE)

Training Materials for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories 19

Indian Network for Climate Change Assessment

 Launched on 14 October 2009, comprising 127 institutions and 228 scientists across India with the role to:  Assess the drivers and implications    of climate change through scientific research Prepare climate change assessments once every two years (GHG estimations and impacts of climate change, associated vulnerabilities and adaptation) Develop decision support systems Build capacity towards management of climate change related risks and opportunities.

Consultative Group of Experts (CGE)

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The Philippines

 The Philippine’s Inter-Agency Committee on Climate Change (IACCC) was tasked with oversight and coordination of the national communication process.  Preparation of the GHG inventory by the Manila Observatory, in close coordination with public and private institutions, with a view to ensuring the sustainability of this initiative:  A small team gathered the information needed to compile GHG emissions  Activity data were collected from a number of government agencies and the private   sector International databases such as those of the FAO were also used Default values were used in the absence of local data. Locally sourced information was available mainly from the LULUCF, agriculture and waste sectors.

 During the process of data collection and analysis (which took about a year), focus group meetings (on a sectoral basis) were continually held among the agencies concerned.   Training workshops were organized.

As a means to ensure the sustainability of this activity, a national inventory report that also served as a training manual was written by the Observatory team to enable agencies to conduct a similar exercise on their own.

Consultative Group of Experts (CGE)

Training Materials for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories 21

US-EPA Templates



US-EPA – Template Workbook for Developing a National GHG Inventory System

 http://epa.gov/climatechange/emissions/ghginventorycapacitybuilding/templates.html

 STEP 1: Identify current inventory management team  STEP 2: Provide sectoral roles and arrangements  STEP 3: Provide improvements to institutional arrangements  STEP 4: Review and complete inventory cycle timeline

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Designated GHG Inventory Agency

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National Inventory Management Team

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Sectoral Institutional Arrangements

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Potential Improvements in the Management Structure of the National Inventory System

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Closing Remarks

 A GHG inventory is

more than just a part of a national communication.

 It should be viewed as a

broader analytical programme.

 A ‘cookbook’ approach to developing a GHG inventory is not practical:  There will always be a large and essential need for expert judgment at all levels of the process.

 A well constructed inventory should

include enough documentation to allow readers to understand the underlying assumptions and calculations.

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Reference

 US-EPA – Template Workbook for Developing a National GHG Inventory System  http://epa.gov/climatechange/emissions/ghginventorycapacitybuilding/templates.html

Consultative Group of Experts (CGE)

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Thank you

Consultative Group of Experts (CGE)

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