Transcript EN 81-20 / 50 Revision - ELA European Lift Association.

EN 81-20 / 50 Revision
Effects on lift products by EN81-1/2 re-drafting
Contents
1
Text marked in blue is foreseen to
effect the manufacturers
2
Text marked in green is foreseen as
effecting the selling company as
information which may be needed to be
provided to others
2
General
 The revision of EN81 Parts 1 & 2 to become EN81 Parts 20
and 50 will be the greatest change to the lift design code in
the last 20 years.
 As such it contains many changes which will effect product in
both its manufacture and certification.
 This document gives a brief overview of the anticipated
changes to the lifts design and how this might effect our
standard product as manufactured within our European
factories and as sold by the various selling entities.
3
Warning !
 This presentation only shows what has been agreed so far
by CEN/TC10/WG1.
 Nothing has as yet been approved by the National Standards
Bodies.
 Therefore persons should not take the content of this
presentation as a means to start to change their product or
even to consider that all of the content will be approved.
 This presentation only shows some of the major changes.
There are many other alterations to the previous EN 81-1 an
EN 81-2 requirements.
4
Assumptions,
Scope, Definitions
and EN414
5
Assumptions
 There is a modified assumption regarding the horizontal forces
which might be expected to be exerted by a person.
 300 N under normal conditions
 1000 N for impact (person falling against) unless specifically specified
elsewhere in the standard.
 This may result in designs needing to be checked against these forces.
 Requirement to discuss with the user the type of device used for
loading and unloading the lift.
 It is now assumed that all Hydraulic fluid used complies with ISO
6743-4. (specification for hydraulic oils)
 The machinery spaces containing hydraulic equipment are
designed such that they will contain any spilt fluids.
6
Assumptions
 Requirements to ventilate the well and machinery spaces
have been moved to the assumptions with then a large
section of text in the new informative annex to give some
guidance on this subject.
 Therefore the responsibility to ventilate the well, with
information provided by the lift installer, becomes the
responsibility of the building designer/architect.
 This is due to the wide coverage of the subject in National
Building regulations which would otherwise conflict with the
requirements of the new standards.
7
Scope
 Only change from EN81-1/2 + A3 is to exclude all hydraulic
product where the setting of the relief valve is greater than
500 Mpa.
8
Definitions
 New definitions are given for :




Authorized persons
Competent persons
Maintenance
Rescue Operations
Special Tools
9
EN414 Requirements
 A new table is given for significant hazards
accounted for in the standard using the list found
in EN 14121-1, in accordance with the new EN
414 layout of the standard.
 Due to this standard, all the clauses previously
numbered from 5 to 16 will now be covered in a
new Clause 5.
This will mean nearly all clauses are renumbered
from those that exist today.
 In addition some chapters will be split to make
them easier to understand.
10
The Well
11
The well
 Where there is more than 11m between consecutive floors there is
now an option to have :
 Intermediate emergency doors.
 Adjacent lift cars with emergency doors
 Electrical emergency operation.
 Glass panels used in the construction of the well must be able to
withstand 300 N applied over an area of 0.3m x 0.3m.
 Where there are accessible spaces under the pit and a suitable pier
is used as a means of protecting against a falling counterweight,
the kinetic energy forces must be communicated to the builder.
12
The well (continued)
 Protection in the well:
 New requirements changing the dimensions of counterweight
screens and a requirement to withstand 300 N without
deflecting into the path of the counterweight.
 The requirement for shaft division screens has now been
changed from 500mm from the side of the car to the nearest
moving part, to 500mm from the handrail to the nearest moving
part.
13
The well (continued)
 Headroom and Pit Safety Spaces
 There must be standing areas for the number of persons
anticipated to work on the car and in the pit and clear signage
stating how many persons are permitted to work there.
 Each person must have their own safety space available.
 Areas which are not safe must be marked with black and yellow
stripes.
 Clearance over fixed equipment increased to 500mm with
exception of the handrail
 Handrails to have 400mm horizontal clearance to items outside
the projected area of the car.
 New requirements for clearances around guide rails for the pit.
14
The well (continued)
≥ 0,30 + 0,035 v²
(within 0,40 m)
≥ 0,50 + 0,035 v²
≥ 0,50 + 0,035 v2
Highest parts installed
on the car roof
Lift car
15
The well (continued)
 New requirements for pit access ladders and to
provide them with a safety contact where
necessary.
 Normative text in clause 5, combined with a new
normative annex giving the possible ladder types.
1
2
Ladder fixed in the pit (1) and always
placed in the climbing position (2).
1
2
 1,10 m
 1,10 m
CHAIN OR
ROPE FOR
PREVENTING
REMOVAL
FROM THE PIT
“Movable” ladder fastened (1) in the pit
and can be placed in climbing position (2).
Fixation of ladder feet for
preventing tripping over
2
16
The well (continued)
 Clearances around guide rails :
 Further guidance has been given for the reduction in
clearances in the pit between fixed parts and the lift car
within a certain distance of the guide rails.
17
The well (continued)
 New requirement for a pit inspection control
station.
 This shall be interlocked with the one on the car
roof to prevent confusion between which device
takes priority.
 In the event of persons on the car roof and in the pit the
car shall only move when the same button is pressed on
both units.
i.e. to move the car up the “UP” button must be pressed
simultaneously on both control stations.
18
The well (continued)
 Alarm for trapped persons.
 The alarm initiation device to call for assistance in the
event that a person has become entrapped in the well is
now clearly stated to be in conformity to EN81-28.
19
Machinery
Spaces
20
Machinery Spaces
 Machine rooms shall not be used for purposes other than
lifts. They shall not contain ducts, cables or devices other
than for the lift.
 New rules with regard to differences in floor levels and gaps
in floors resulting in the possible need for additional ladders
and barriers.
 Modified rules for lighting levels in machinery spaces :
 200 lux where work is carried out and for movement between
work areas.
 New rules for guarding of pulleys in the well and the ability to
access them in safety for maintenance.
21
Machinery Spaces
 Where work is required to be carried out from the
car roof and the position is assured by fixed
mechanical devices, where these cannot be
disengaged under loss of power due to the forces
applied to the car a means of escape must be
assured.
 Exit via a space between car roof and underside of
landing door
 Exit via the car through a trapdoor
 Exit via an emergency door in the well.
22
Landing & Car
Entrances
23
Landing / Car Doors
 The clauses for landing and car doors have been combined
 All fire test certification of lift landing doors shall be to EN8158.
 All doors in future, including their frame, will be subject to
soft and hard pendulum impact testing at their weakest
points.
 The details of the tests will be found in EN81-50.
24
Landing / Car Doors
 New requirements for strength / forces :
 1000 N force applied over an area of 100cm2 shall cause
no permanent damage.
 Retaining devices are to be provided should the main
guiding elements fail, and these also to be impact tested.
 New requirement for non contact protection device if door
force is over 4 J.
 New requirement to remove lift from service or lower door
force to 4 J should detecting device fail. Also audible
warning in this mode.
 New requirement for 1000 N and 300 N forces to act
simultaneously for design and test purposes.
25
Landing / Car Doors (continued)
 New design requirements :

New requirements for protection of children's fingers on
glass doors.
•
Making the glass opaque on the side exposed to the user
by the use of either frosted glass or the application of
frosted material to a height of minimum 1,10 m;
•
Sensing the presence of fingers at least up to 1,6 m above
sill and stopping the door movement in opening direction;
•
Limiting the gap between door panels and frame to
maximum 4 mm at least up to 1,6 m above sill. Recesses
(framed glass, etc.) shall not exceed 1 mm. The maximum
radius on the outer edge of the frame adjacent to the door
panel shall not be more than 4 mm.
26
Landing / Car Doors (continued)
New design requirements :
 Car door not to be able to be opened more than 100mm
under manual effort when outside of unlocking zone.
 New requirements for fire/smoke labyrinth design on
closing edges of doors and frames.
 Door leading edge not to be less than 20mm thick if
made from glass.
 New extra contact on swing doors.
27
Landing / Car Doors (continued)
New design requirements :
 If lowest landing door lock is not within 1m of pit access
ladder a means to be provided to unlock the doors from
the pit.
 New rules for the maximum height of the unlocking
mechanism from the landing floor, depending if in the
vertical or horizontal plane.
28
Lift Car
29
Lift Car
Car Loading:
 Load will continue to be calculated at 75kg per person.
 Car area to be calculated as from wall to wall body inner
dimensions. Finishes are excluded.
 Areas which cannot accommodate a person due to their
size need not be included in the floor area calculation.
 Door entrance recesses of less than 100mm depth need
not be included in the floor area calculation.
 A new sample calculation, including loading devices is
given.
 New requirement for combustibility of car materials to
EN13501-1.
30
Lift Car
New design requirements :
 Loads to test for permanent deflection to now
be applied from outside and inside the car.
 New requirements for car to car rescue and the
provision of a portable bridge.
 Surface of car roof where persons work to be
made from non-slip material.
 Modified requirements for normal car lighting
and emergency lighting lux levels.
31
Lift Car
New design requirements :
 New requirement for the car apron
• Must withstand a horizontal force of 300N without
deflection greater that 25mm.
 New requirements for the balustrade.
• All lift cars regardless of well clearances to have a
“toe board” around the car roof edge.
• New requirements for the use of 1100mm high
balustrades
• Must also withstand horizontal force of 300N
32
Lift Car
> 500
 500
1100
700
> 300
> 300
 300
≤ 150
No balustrade
required but needs
toe board 100mm
Required balustrade
Height ≥ 700 mm
≤ 150
Required balustrade
Height ≥ 1100 mm
33
Suspension
34
Means of suspension
 All ropes to be to EN12385-5 (Harmonized under
Lift Directive)
 No longer possible to use rope grips as a means
of rope termination. Terminations shall be to EN
13411-3, 6 or 7.
 Rope traction
 Either ropes shall slip if car or counterweight is
blocked, or
 Drive system to limit motor torque.
35
Means of suspension
 Where there is relative extension of one rope to
all others the lift is to stop at next floor.
 New requirements for compensation means
dependant on lift speed. (tension device required
above 3 m/s)
 Clarification of requirements for rope retainers,
anti- rebound devices and tensioners
 The calculations given in annex M will be move
to EN 81-50. These have been modified slightly
from those in the present standard.
36
Means of suspension
Guarding & Retainers
37
Means of suspension
 No new technologies such as belts or
alternative forms of ropes have been
incorporated at this time.
 This is due to concerns over the inclusion
of patented or copyright protected
materials.
 It is however likely that future revisions
would include such materials.
38
Overspeed,
Safety Gear &
Unintended
Movement
39
Deceleration Rates
 After much discussion the decision was taken not
to make any proposals to change deceleration
rates of safety gear and buffers in the new
standards.
 Instead CEN/TC10 will work with ISO/TC178 to
elaborate global requirements for safety gear,
buffers and emergency electrical stops, which may
then be incorporated in all lift standards throughout
the world.
40
Deletions
The following items are now deleted :


All references to instantaneous safety gear
with buffered effect.
All references to energy accumulation buffers
with buffered return movement
•


Neither of these devices were found to be used by
manufactures.
All references to Hydraulic clamping devices.
References to “fly ball” speed governors.
41
Hydraulic Pawl Devices
 All Pawls devices must be electronically verified
in both their active and retracted positions.
 Where the pawl device is detected as not having
achieved its active position the lift to be returned
to the ground floor and removed from service.
42
Uncontrolled Movement
 Distances between from
wall and car sill when car
is below the floor have
been changed to a
diagonal
200
43
Guide Rails
44
Guide Rails
 Some small modifications to the guide rail
calculations.
 Tensile strength used in the calculations should
be given by the guide rail manufacturer.
 Where the lift travel is greater than 40 m the
guide rail buckling shall include any forces
imparted on the rails by the guide brackets due
to settlement joints in the building structure.
45
Guide Rails
 Annex G
 This annex giving example calculations will now
become part of EN 81-50.
 It will continue to give examples based on the
Omega method but will also state that other
methods of calculation are permissible


Eurocode 3
Finite Element Analysis
 In any case the requirements of EN81-20 shall
be met.
46
Buffers
47
Buffers
 Where buffers travel with either the car or
counterweight the position at which they strike
the pit floor must be clearly marked with a
pedestal not less than 300mm high.
 This is not required for the counterweight if the
screen extends to within 100mm of the pit floor.
 For hydraulic lifts with telescopic jacks at least
one stage shall not hit its down travel
mechanical limit when the car is fully buffered.
48
Buffers
 All buffers, except energy accumulation type,
shall have a label with the type certificate number,
buffer type, and oil details where hydraulic.
 For Accumulation type buffers with non-linear
characteristics the maximum compression now
takes consideration of the fixing element.
 Accumulation type buffers made from synthetic
materials have to be checked periodically on
aging considering instructions from the
manufacturer.
49
Buffers
 Annex L.
 Annex L is now deleted.
 It was neither widely understood or used.
50
Sill Clearances
51
Sill Clearances
• Clearances are not
changed
• Only one recess of
more than 150mm
between two
consecutive
landing
entrances
52
Electrical
Installation &
Appliances
53
Electrical Installation
 The electrical sections of EN81-1 and EN81-2
have not changed in any substantive way since
1989.
 The AH6 groups task was one of the longest to
complete.
All electrical equipment shall now be
in accordance with EN 60204-1
unless otherwise described.
54
Electrical Installation
 Dimension now given for position of equipment to
allow maintenance access.
 Labelling now required for electrical and thermal
hazards.
 Protection against electrical shock shall comply
with IEC 60364-4-41 and EN 50274.
 Socket outlets to be provided with RCD at 30 mA
55
Electrical Installation
 SIL levels of electric safety devices have been set
to be the same in comparative ISO standards.
 When the design of a safety device (listed in Annex
A) includes software, it shall be possible to identify
the failure state of the device, either by built-in
system or by an external tool, if this external tool is
a special tool, it shall be available on the site.
56
Controls
57
Controls
 All docking operations are deleted as no longer
being of relevance to the market.
 Push buttons for inspection controls shall comply to
EN 60947-5-1.
 Inspection controls are to stop the lift with 2m
clearance in the pit and headroom. Further
movement towards the minimum refuge spaces is
then allowed upon pressing the control button
again at 0.3 m/s.
58
Controls

Push buttons for
inspection controls shall
comply to EN 60947-5-1.

Inspection controls on
the car top to have a
“Run” button to act with
up and down buttons.
59
Controls
 The lift shall be provided with a means to prevent
the lift from answering to landing calls, to disable
the automatic door operation and give at least
terminal floor calls for maintenance.
 Landing and Car Door By-pass Control
 It is now allowed to have a feature, accessible to
authorized and competent persons only to bypass the locking contacts for maintenance
purposes.
 The alarm is now specified as that of EN 81-28
60
Traction
& Hydraulic
Drives
61
Traction Drives
Brake
 The machine shall be capable of having the brake
released by a continuous manual operation, even
in the case of power supply failure. The operation
can be mechanical (e.g. lever) or electrical by
independent supply.
 With the brake manually released and the car
loaded at 80 % of the value of the balanced load
of the car, it shall be possible to move the car to
an adjacent floor:
62
Hydraulic Drives
 The dimensions and tolerances of the tubes used for
the manufacture of the jack shall be according to the
applicable standard of the EN 10305 series.
 Jack calculations have been amended to remove
errors.
 The emergency lowering valve shall not cause
further sinking of the ram when the pressure falls
below a value predetermined by the manufacturer.
 The restrictor and rupture valves shall be accessible
for inspection directly from the car roof or from the pit
63
Verification,
Information for Use
&
Technical Dossier
64
Verification
Testing of the installation on completion at
site to be retained in EN 81-50.
Type Testing of components to be moved
to EN 81-50
Some new testing required for traction,
brake and buffers to cover new EN 81-20
requirements.
65
Information for Use
Most signage requirements are now to be
found in the relevant technical clause.
Some new requirements for the logbook and
instruction manual, including how to use any
special tools which may have been provided.
66
Information for 3rd Party Verification
A list of documentation which might need to
be considered for those seeking approval
under conformity assessment procedures.
This has been produced in association with
the Notified Bodies central European
committee.
67
FINISHED
!
AT LEAST UNTIL THE PUBLIC
COMMENTS ARE RECEIVED !
68