Transcript Inner ear lenght (mm)

Student exchange and
Cooperation between
Federico II and Reykjavik
Universities
Biomedical engineering program
Paolo Gargiulo, PhD
My Milestones…
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2001 Graduated at the University of Naples “Federico II” Degree
in Electronic engineers - Biomedical engineering path
Since 2002 employed at department of clinical engineering and
consultancy
2008 PhD study at the Vienna University of Technology - TU
Wien
“3D Modelling and Monitoring of Denervated Muscle under Functional
Electrical Stimulation Treatment and Associated Bone Structural
Changes”
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2009 Assistant Professor position at Reykjavik University
Teaching duties at school of Technology and Engineering HR the
following courses:
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Clinical Engineering
Image processing and Medical modelling
Instruments and Vital Signs
Prosthetics and Artificial Organs
Where is Iceland?
Iceland
Italy
Icelandic, easy to pronounce: Eyjafjallajökull
Reykjavk University
An intresting building...
International University
Department of Biomedical Engineering
BS and MS program Biomedical Engineering
in RU
My work at Landspitali
Main activity at LSH
BIOMODELING service: The creation of highly accurate
physical models of human anatomy directly from medical
scan data
Clinical Applications
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Diagnostic: supporting
pathologist with
visualization of difficult
anatomical case
Planning surgery in
complicate orthopaedic
and maxilla facial
operation
Patient follow up in
craniofacial trauma,
studying structural
changes in bone and soft
tissue
Patient compliance
providing computer
simulating in maxilla
lengthening
Prosthesis design
Prosthesis Design: Foot Amputation
Main service: Planning and Simulation
in Mandibular Lengthening
(A)Computer model: the
mandible nerve is
rendered visible
(B) 3D print out of jaw
(C) Stereolithographic
model
Main ongoing projects
Decline and restoration of denevated muscle
undergoing elettrical simulation: Development of
monitoring technique based on medical image
modelling
Student: Ilaria Bagnaro
Patient’s stimulation according
RISE program
Rectus femoris’s 3D model
Data acquisition using spiral CT scan
Image processing and
segmentation
MUSCLE GROW AND DECLINE
A: rectus femoris in 2003 before FES, after 4
year of paralyis
B: rectus femoris in 2008 after 5 year of FES
treatment
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Volume measurement
150000
140000
130000
120000
rectus
right
110000
volume mm3 100000
90000
80000
70000
60000
50000
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
B
Changes in muslce density
Contraction activities induce Bone
remodeling
Periprosthetic hip fracture risk analysis
The project aim to develop a computational
procedure based on 3D modelling and finite
element analysis for evaluating periprosthetic
femur fracture risk and to find optimum
selection methods for different hip prosthetic
types
CEMENTED TOTAL HIP REPLACEMENTS
the surgeon uses
bone cement for
fixation of the
prosthesis to the
skeleton
CEMENTLESS TOTAL HIP REPLACEMENTS
the surgeon impacts
the total hip directly
into the bed prepared
in the skeleton
How do stress distribute along bones in
the two implant techniques?
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Inner ear morphology
fin whale vs. human
• Information from the inner ear
is important in hearing and
maintaining balance through
postural control.
• As aquatic mammals whales
have suffered from
seasickness during their
evolution.
• Morphological study of their
inner ear might cast light
upon their adaptive solutions
of this disturbing phenomena
HUMAN
WHALE
Dept of Development and Consultancy
HUT Landspitali
Measurements Summary
Inner ear lenght (mm)
Human
Sheep
Whale
Anterior semicircular canal
19.5
20.9
21.8
Lateral semicircular canal
20.4
16.9
15.7
Posterior semicircular canal
15.2
18.7
19.5
Cochlea
32.3
15
70.7
Development of Diagnostic and Monitor
techniques for inner ear disease
Student: Andrea Veratti
Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo
BPPV is a common cause of
dizziness.
A recent study showed that 9% of
people have BPPV, in most cases
undiagnosed.
Project aim: Research and develop a monitoring technique
to quantify morphological changes occurring in patient's inner
ear suffering from "benign paroxysmal positional vertigo".
Project development and Methods
A: 3dimensional model of human inner ear. B: posterior semicircular canal cross
sectional area (coloured in blue) crossed by a profile line (coloured with cyan). C:
Density profile within the semicircular cross sectional area (y: HU values, x:
distance in mm).
FEA of Electric fields in the brain
• We develop high ( 0.5 to 1.0 mm)
resolution human head models from
segmented MR images.
• These models have detailed 3-d
representation of major tissue surfaces.
• We use these models to predict the
electrical and magnetic activity of
human brain under normal and epileptic
conditions.
• In addition, we also analyze the high
density (256 to 305 channel) EEG and
MEG (magnetoencephalogram) data to
noninvasively localize the epileptogenic
areas in the human brain.
Segmentation
• Distinguish
different tissues
• Extract gray
matter/white
matter boundary
Computations
• Extract normal vectors
from gray/white matter
boundary
• Place electric sources
where the normal
vectors are
– Representing the
pyramidal neurons in
the cortex
• Simulate E-fields