Please read this before using presentation

• • • • This presentation is based on content presented at the Mines Safety Roadshow held in October 2013 It is made available for non-commercial use (e.g. toolbox meetings, OHS discussions) subject to the condition that the PowerPoint file is not altered without permission from Resources Safety Supporting resources, such as brochures and posters, are available from Resources Safety For resources, information or clarification, please contact:

[email protected]

or visit

www.dmp.wa.gov.au/ResourcesSafety

www.dmp.wa.gov.au/ResourcesSafety 1

Review of fatal accidents on WA mines 2000-12

What do the findings tell us?

www.dmp.wa.gov.au/ResourcesSafety 2

What are the employer’s duties?

Provide a safe working environment so far as is practicable • A safe workplace, plant and systems of work • Information, instructions and training • Consult and co-operate with safety representatives and employees • Personal protective equipment (PPE) • Arrangements for safe use, cleaning, maintenance, transportation and disposal of plant • Arrangements for safe use, handling, processing, storage, transportation and disposal of substances www.dmp.wa.gov.au/ResourcesSafety 3

What are the employee’s duties?

• Take care of own safety • Do nothing to adversely affect others • Report incidents and hazards • Assist with development of safe systems • Safety representatives and committees www.dmp.wa.gov.au/ResourcesSafety 4

What are the objectives of this review?

Identify common causation factors Look for any trends and clusters Analyse data for hazards and critical activities Provide information to industry stakeholders Recommend improvement areas for safety performance Reduce risk of injury to employees at mines www.dmp.wa.gov.au/ResourcesSafety 5

Methodology Archives of 52 fatal accidents from WA mining industry for 2000 to 2012 • Records of investigations from DMP archives • Current investigations • Selected causation factors • Analysis of data • Presentation of results to industry www.dmp.wa.gov.au/ResourcesSafety 6

Employee statistics for WA mining

769 3,517 35,465 38,982 4,059 3,211 2 10,500 85,190

www.dmp.wa.gov.au/ResourcesSafety

96,690 50

2000-2012 Total employees and fatalities www.dmp.wa.gov.au/ResourcesSafety

Factors considered • Principal employer • Mine site • Date and day of fatality • Age – deceased and supervisor • Occupation • Category – surface or underground • Activity – maintenance or production • Commodity group • Procedure and compliance • Modifications to original equipment manufacturer’s (OEM’s) procedure • Trigger – unsafe act or workplace www.dmp.wa.gov.au/ResourcesSafety 9

Factors considered • Roster cycle – deceased • Days into roster • Shift – day or night • Time of accident • Hours into shift • Duration of employment at mine site • Duration in the role – deceased and supervisor • Contractor • Visa status – 457 Visa • Language – English speaking • Events resulting in fatality and additional information www.dmp.wa.gov.au/ResourcesSafety 10

Occupation of deceased Tradesmen Operators Fitters Electricians Technicians Maintenance 9 3 4 Haul truck drivers Service vehicles LHD (bogger) Jumbo 3 Bulldozer comprise 70% of total www.dmp.wa.gov.au/ResourcesSafety 5 4 3 4 1 11

Duration in role deceased –

37-48 25-36 Months in job 49-60 61-120 >120 0-12 13-24

48% of fatalities were employees within first 24 months in the job or role Risk of fatality is nearly higher within first year compared with three times in job or role, third year Relevance to total numbers employed in each category is not shown as statistics for totals are not available www.dmp.wa.gov.au/ResourcesSafety 12

Duration at mine site – deceased 49% of fatal accidents occur within first year at mine site www.dmp.wa.gov.au/ResourcesSafety 13

Duration in role – supervisor 6% of fatalities occurred under supervision of supervisors who had been in role for less than one week

1-2+ years 3-4+ years

44% of fatalities occurred under supervision of supervisors who had been in role for less than one year 68% of all fatalities occurred under supervision of supervisors who had been in role for less than three years

1-11+ months 1-6 days 11 years and more 5-6+ years

No fatalities for 1-4 weeks, 7-8+ years, 9-10+ years Relevance to total numbers employed in each category is not shown as statistics for totals are not available. Small sample size as incomplete records due to information not being requested at that time www.dmp.wa.gov.au/ResourcesSafety 14

Compliance with procedures 73% of fatalities occurred when there was a procedure in place www.dmp.wa.gov.au/ResourcesSafety 15

Time of day No trends in roster type No trends for days of week Some clusters identified: − last 2-3 hours day shift − 5 hours into the shift − 11 pm and 3 am on night shift Biorhythms Fitness for work Human error Fatigue and concentration www.dmp.wa.gov.au/ResourcesSafety 16

Days into roster More fatalities at beginning of roster cycles than at end Peak is on day 5 Wide range of roster types Longest roster cycle was 28 days www.dmp.wa.gov.au/ResourcesSafety 17

Age group of deceased 17 % of fatalities aged 23-27 - after completion of apprenticeships (5 year increment) 29% of fatalities aged 18-27 (10 year increment) 44% of fatalities aged 18-32 These statistics are not shown relevant to total numbers of employees in each age group www.dmp.wa.gov.au/ResourcesSafety 18

Commodity group

Other Nickel Iron ore Gold

Gold and nickel account for 56% of mining fatalities 33% iron ore 11% others (limestone, hot briquetted iron, diamonds, alumina) Major mining provinces in Goldfields and Pilbara still areas of concern www.dmp.wa.gov.au/ResourcesSafety 19

Surface and underground fatality comparison Total underground fatalities are about half that of surface As a proportion of the total workforce, underground workers were over-represented in the fatality numbers by a factor of almost five Marked improvement in underground safety since 1990s www.dmp.wa.gov.au/ResourcesSafety 20

Ten critical factors – multiple fatalities 1. Fall arrest equipment 2. Departure from OEM procedures 3. Run-away vehicles 4. Vehicles over edges 5. Vehicle collisions 6. Electrical contacts 7. Rock falls 8. Pit wall failures 9. Inrush situations 10. Tyre handling www.dmp.wa.gov.au/ResourcesSafety 21

Less critical factors The mine The employer The type of roster Day of the week 457 visa Maintenance, production, operations www.dmp.wa.gov.au/ResourcesSafety 22

Proposed areas for improvement Identification of hazards and critical tasks Written work procedures Training processes – employees and supervisors Principal hazard management plans Involvement of employees Supervision to standards Site familiarisation and induction Adequate breaks during the shift www.dmp.wa.gov.au/ResourcesSafety 23