Office Ergonomics 290813 - LAKKI
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Transcript Office Ergonomics 290813 - LAKKI
Office Ergonomics- A guide to
prevent Musculo-skeletal Injuries
Dr Prabhat Lakkireddi
M.S.Ortho, MRCS (UK), FRCS Orthopaedics (UK)
Consultant- Revision Joint Replacement & Sports Injuries Surgeon
Apollo Hospitals, Jubilee Hills
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Ergonomics
“The science of fitting the job to the worker”
Ergo: Work
Nomics: Study of
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What are the benefits of ergonomics?
•Reduction of work-related injuries
•Increased worker productivity
•Increased work quality
•Reduced absenteeism
•Increased morale
YOU JUST
FEEL BETTER!
Ergonomics provides a win-win
situation…..on and off the job
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Who’s At Risk?
Pregnant
Nearly everyone, but
women report more
incidents of discomfort
Obese
Lack general physical
capabilities, such as strength
Low motivation
People who feel as if they lack
control over work pace,
environment, and
communication
Poor workstation design
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Job Risk Factors
Working in awkward postures / positions
Prolonged sitting and standing
Bending, reaching, stretching
Driving for extended periods of time
Heavy lifting
Awkward lifting
Lifting in combination with twisting
Pushing, pulling, carrying
Accidents, slips, trips, falls
Vibration
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RESULTING INJURIES ARE
CALLED:
Cumulative Trauma Disorders (CTD),
Or
Repetitive Strain Injuries (RSI),
Or
Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSD)
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What two elements
are at work?
1) Static work: musculoskeletal effort required to hold
a certain position, even a comfortable one.
Example: sit & work at computers; keeping head and
torso upright requires small or great amounts of static
work depending on the efficiency of the body positions
we chose.
Muscles fatigue faster when they are held in one position.
2) Dynamic work
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How injuries occur?
Static muscle contraction
Muscle tense
Blood flow is reduced
INJURY/ DISABILITY
Muscle nutrition is reduced
Muscle Pain & fatigue
Waste products (lactic acid) build up
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A word on repetition
Key issue is recovery time
- the time required for tissue to restore nutrition, replace
cells, dissipate byproducts
- rest breaks
Some newer research demonstrates that repetition
is significantly less of a problem vs. posture
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SYMPTOMS OF MSD
Muscle fatigue or pain
Aching
Burning
Numbness
Stiffness
Tingling
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SIGNS OF MSD
Decreased range of
motion
Loss of function
Deformity
Cramping
Loss of color
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Decreased grip strength
Loss of balance
Swelling
Redness
Adaptation vs. Injury
the fork in the road…
Adapt
Injury
Soft tissue breaks
down
Less strength
Less stability
Less tolerance for use
Discomfort increases
Soft tissue remodels
More strength
More stability
More endurance
Discomfort
decreases
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French & Zecha, 2005
MORE FREQUENTLY OCCURRING
OCCUPATIONALLY INDUCED DISORDERS:
Hand problems nerve pinch or nerve entrapment
Triggering of fingers
Neck and back problems
Spondylitis
Tingling in fingers and toes
Knee problems
Meniscal tear
Cartilage damage
ACL rupture
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CARPAL TUNNEL SYNDROME
One of the best known MSDs
The median nerve does not work properly due to pressure on the nerve
as it runs through an opening called the carpel tunnel
Numbness is usually first symptom.
Pain & tingling, can go up the arm to the
shoulder and neck, causing waking to
pain in middle of night
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GUYON’S CANAL SYNDROME
Similar to carpel tunnel
Guyon’s affects the ulnar nerve
as it passes through the Guyon
canal in the wrist; this is similar
to carpal tunnel, but involves a
different nerve.
Unlike carpel tunnel, Guyon’s
affects the little and ring fingers.
Can be in conjunction with carpal tunnel
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TRIGGER FINGER
Trigger finger affects the ability of tendons to slip
back and forth. The tendon and/or ligament
thicken and a nodule forms
This can be caused by rheumatoid arthritis,
lacerations of tendon, gripping power tools, long
hours of grasping steering wheel, or birth defects
Symptoms are pain and
a funny clicking sensation
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TENNIS ELBOW
Overuse or misuse of the forearm muscles can cause tendonitis, or a
painful inflammation of the tendons connecting these muscles to
bone.
This condition is brought
on or aggravated by poor leverage
causing an uneven distribution
of force on a few muscles.
This may be when working,
or during certain leisure activities,
such as sports and gardening.
Symptom are severe pain.
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Common Back Disorders
General joint stiffness
Acute strains and sprains
Degenerative disk disease
Bulging disc
Herniated disc
Osteoarthritis
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Keyhole ACL reconstruction
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Keyhole Cartilage transplantation
st
1 stage cartilage harvest
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2nd stage Cartilage implantation
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Mini Knee: MIKRS
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Mini Knee
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Prevention is better than Cure
Don’t worry- we the Apollo family
will take care
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POSTURE
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Posture check: reaching & bending
it’s all connected and it’s all about physics…
Load & leverage
Think about posture
Forward head
Sitting
Reaching
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POSTURE & ANGLES
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Posture check
Increased stress, decreased circulation…
Higher risk
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Lower risk
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BODY ANGLES
HEAD
SHOULDERS
ELBOWS
HANDS
WAIST
LEGS
FEET
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SITTING POSTURES
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MORE ANGLES…
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MORE ANGLES…
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EXERCISES & STRETCHES
These are exercises or stretches that can be performed
at your workstation, home, just about anywhere.
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EYE
Eye comfort exercises
Blinking
Yawning
Focus change
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NECK STRETCH
Tilt ear towards shoulder
Reach up and touch top of head with palm to hold
in tilted position
Hold 5-10 seconds. Repeat 2-3 times (come out of
stretch slowly)
Reverse side and repeat
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Office of Horrors
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Ideal Office
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An ounce of Prevention is worth a
pound of cure !
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