STEAM BOILERS

1  SUBMITTED TO:  SUBMITTED BY: Mr. Ankit Soni Assistant Prof.

Mechanical Dept.

Mukul Dev Kushwah 0903ME101054 20 Dec 2011

Contents

2  General Introduction of Steam Boilers.

 Steam & Its Uses.

 Boilers Classification with Example.

 Mountings & Accessories in Steam Boilers.

 Draughts with its Uses.

 Capacity & Efficiency of Steam Boilers.

 Needs Required for a Good Boiler.

 Reference.

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General Introduction

3  It is a closed vessel in which water is firstly heated, then vaporized & finally converted into steam.

 The pressure at which steam generated is always higher than the atmospheric pressure.

 The energy which is used to produced steam is “Heat Energy” & it is measured in calorie.

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Simple Figure of Steam Boiler

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Steam & Its Uses

5  Steam: It is simply the water vapor, which is formed when water boils.

 Basically, steam is the gaseous phase of water.

 Steam is used for various purposes:  In Power Generation.

 In Industrial Process.

 Heating.

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Boilers Classification

6  According to their relative position.

 According to water circulation.

 According to its position.

 According to the steam pressure.

 According to its use.

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Fire tube and Water tube Boiler

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Mountings in Boiler

 Safety Valves.

 Pressure gauge.

 Feed Check Valve.

 Fusible Plug  Feed Pipe.

 Steam Stop Valve.

 Water Level Indicator.

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Simple Figure of Steam Boilers Mounting

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Boilers Accessory

 Economizer.

 Super-heater.

 Air –pre heater.

 Steam Injector .

 Feed-pump.

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Simple Figure of Steam Boilers Accessories

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Draught in Boilers

13  It is defined as the pressure difference due to which the flow of gases inside in a boiler takes place.

 The pressure difference is very small.

 It works in such a way that it sucks the air from furnace and discharged the hot flue gases in atmosphere.

 It is of two types: i.

ii.

Natural Draught.

Artificial Draught.

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Working of Draught

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Boilers Evaporation Capacity & Efficiency

15  The quantity of steam which is generated by boiler at full load is called ‘evaporation capacity of boiler”.

 It is basically the ratio of mass of steam generated to time or heating area or mass of fuel burned per hours.

 It is defined as the ratio of actual heat utilized in steam production to the amount of heat liberated by burning of fuel.

 The first quantity is measured in kg/hour or kg/hour/m*m or kg/kg while the second one is measured in %.

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Needs Required for a Good Boiler

16  The boiler should have maximum steam generation with minimum using of fuel consumption.

 It should be very economical and also have a low maintenance cost.

 It should be started and stopped quickly.

 It should posses better combustion and overall efficiency as well.

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Reference

s

17  Basic Mechanical Engineering by V.D.Shrivastava, S.K.Somani

and M.M.Rathore.

 Basic Mechanical Engineering by D.K.Gupta.

 www.google.com

 www.wikipedia.com

 www.techessays.com

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