Transcript Innovations
BUSINESS CHINESE
GRASSROOT INNOVATION
Aravind G
Chandrakant Anuse
Ostrowski Christopher Benjamin
Anil G
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INNOVATION DEFINED
Involves thinking differently, creatively and insightfully
Enables solutions/ inventions that have an impact on social and
economic value
Fulfills
unmet needs, not met
products/processes/ institutional forms
by
conventional
Moving beyond R&D to mean new applications of old
technologies, new processes & structures, organisational
creativity & more…
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INNOVATION DEFINED
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Products
Services
Processes
Organization
Governance
Social sector
Urban/Rural
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Public
National
International
Private Sector/ NGO
Individual
Institution
Big/ Small
Innovations redefine everything
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INNOVATIONS
People, Culture, Diversity, Ecosystem & Opportunities
drive Innovations
Innovations are required to develop new Products, Services,
Markets, reduce Costs, improve Efficiency, Productivity,
Performance, Quality, etc
Innovations are the key to Growth, Prosperity & Problem
solving world over
Grassroots Innovations
Characteristics, Causes and Types
Innovation is about thinking and creating solutions with an uncommon perspective, that tend
to positively impact the environment, both socially and economically.
Characteristics
In terms of subject, grassroots innovation is a bottom up innovation starting from the grassroots
wherein grassroots refers to disadvantaged class as opposed to mainstream elite
In terms of motive, grassroots innovations are spontaneous and interest driven
In terms of method, grassroots innovation advance gradually starting from direct experience
In terms of type, grassroots innovation is the practical low-cost innovation based on technology
Causes
•Need (Necessity is the mother of all inventions)
•Negligence by the mainstream
•Cost
•Expertise (Acumen)
•Practical Knowledge: We could produce good seeds
and poultry even before we knew about DNA
•There exists a market for Frugal Solutions
Hindrances
• Lack of education/support/opportunity
• Traditional learning system
• Preference to JOBS
• Society/Family/Peers
INNOVATION PILLARS
Human Capital
& Tools
Changing
Nature
Global
Dimensions
Governance /
Markets/
Finance
Measurements
Mindset/ Talent
Knowledge
intensive/
Entrepreneurs
BB
Connectivity/
Internet
New
Collaborations/
Social Networks
R&D
investment
Multi
disciplinary
Collaborative
Faster than
ever before
Universal
Applications
Speed to Scale/
Open source
innovations
Policies/
Processes
Infrastructure
Competitivenes
s
Risk capital
Benchmarks/
Analysis
Innovations
Frameworks and Types
CURRENT EFFORTS
Many players on Multiple fronts:
National Innovation Foundation
Honey Bee Network
Society for Research and Initiatives for Sustainable Technologies and
Institutions (SRISTI)
Council for Scientific & Industrial Research
Tata Institute of Fundamental Research
Education Institutions like IISc, IITs, IIMs, etc
Technology and Business Incubators
New Millennium Indian Technology Leadership Initiative
Department of Science and Technology (DST) and more ….
CURRENT EFFORTS
Techno Entrepreneurs Promotion Program
Technology Development Board (TDB)
Home Grown Technology Program (HGT)
AYUSH: Ayurveda Yoga Naturopathy Unani Siddha and Homeopathy
GIAN: Grassroots Innovation Augmentation Network
FRLHT: Foundation for Revitalization of Local Health Traditions
TERI: The Energy and Research Institute
CII,FICCI, AIMA and others
And many more at national & state levels in Government & private
sector
SOME CHALLENGES
The researchers in R&D per million people in 2006:
India (119), China (715), South Korea (3723), US (4628)
and Japan (5300)
R&D expenditure - 0.8 per cent of GDP
Education , skill & infrastructure need new investments
Need more productivity from the existing institutions
Linkages between academia, research and industry need to be
Strengthened
Innovations in Design need to be expedited:
India’s output in new designs 39 vs. 53,000 in China in 2002
CHALLENGES: SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
India Ranked 119 of 149 countries in the 2004 Science Citation Index
India produces only 6,000 PhDs a year in science and 1,000 in
engineering
Less than 20 % of public support for R&D is for civilian applications
Indian Institute of Technology was granted 3-6 patents a year compared
with 64 for the Stanford and 102 for the Massachusetts Institute of
Technology (McKinsey)
According to WIPO statistics (2009) India was granted 7,539 patents
while the equivalent number for Japan was 1,64,954, the US was
1,57,283, the Republic of Korea was 1,23,705, and China was 67,948
In 2006, India had 119 researchers in R&D per million people, while
China had 715, South Korea had 3723, US had 4628 and Japan had 5300
GLOBAL COMPETITIVENESS: S&T
Global competitiveness: Innovation Capacity Components Index
Innovation
Capacity
Index
Quality of
scientific
research
institutions
University-industry
research
collaboration
Availability of
scientists &
engineers
Utility patents
(per million of
people)
Public
procurement
of advanced
technology
Country
Rank
Score
Rank
Score
Rank
Score
Rank
Score
Rank
Score
Rank
Score
Brazil
27
4.0
43
5.13
50
3.6
57
4.4
58
0.5
84
3.4
China
25
4.2
37
5.12
23
4.5
52
4.5
54
0.6
20
4.2
India
35
3.8
27
5.1
45
3.6
3
5.7
57
0.5
88
3.4
Japan
2
5.9
15
5.4
21
4.6
2
5.9
3
260
42
3.9
South
Korea
9
5.3
14
5.5
12
5.1
19
5.1
7
131
2
5.1
United
Kingdom
14
14.0
7
5.7
9
5.1
32
4.8
18
55
32
4.0
United
States
6
5.5
1
6.3
1
5.8
6
5.5
1
262
4
4.9
Note: Rank refers to the economy’s global rank on each indicator among 134 economies. Scores range from 1, low, to 7 highest, except for utility patents,
where the score shows the number of
patents per million people.
Source: WEF 2008.
SOME OPPORTUNITIES
Organisational flexibility
Increased collaborations
Patent protection
Young talent pool
Diaspora talent pool
Traditional knowledge based Products & Services
Low cost robust Broadband ICT infrastructure
Grassroots/low cost innovations
Inclusive/BOP/Scalable innovations
Global markets
STRATEGY
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INNOVATION PENTAGON
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STRATEGY
Provide broader PLATFORM for Innovations everywhere to include:
1.
Products
2.
Services
3.
Organisations & Institutions
4.
Processes
5.
Research and Development
6.
Science & Technology
7.
Governance
8.
Social and Cultural
9.
Mindset
10.
National/ State/ Sectoral Councils
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STRATEGY
Encourage Innovations for INCLUSION aimed at the Bottom Of the
Pyramid:
1.
Awareness
2.
Access
3.
Affordability
4.
Availability
5.
Scalability
6.
Sustainability
7.
Quality
8.
Pervasive Growth
9.
Innovations for/by the people
10. Innovations for the BOP
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STRATEGY
Foster necessary ECO SYSTEM
1.
Incentives & Awards
2.
Innovation clusters at universities
3.
Innovative business clusters
4.
Innovation in MSMEs
5.
Organisational Autonomy & Flexibility
6.
Policies & Programmes
7.
New Institutions
8.
Risk/ Venture Capital
9.
IPR/ Patents
10. Web & ICT as tools
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STRATEGY
Focus on DRIVERS
1.
Multidisciplinary
2.
Collaborative
3.
Disruptive
4.
Generational Change vs. Incremental Change
5.
Durable vs. Disposable
6.
Need vs. Demand
7.
Nature as Nurture
8.
Locally Relevant
9.
Globally Connected and Competitive
10. Focus at the Edge
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STRATEGY
Expand Space for Discourse on Innovation in the country by:
1.
Discussions
2.
Debates
3.
Seminars
4.
Conferences
5.
Best Practices
6.
Subversive Dialogue
7.
Irreverent Dialogue
8.
New Ideas
9.
Media
10. Innovation Portal
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Disparity
Demography
- Rich & Poor
- Urban & rural
- Educated &
Uneducated
- 550 million below 25
years
- Health, Nutrition
- Education, Jobs
Development
- Expedite the process &
create new methods &
new models
MULTIPLE DEMANDS
Female literacy
Infant mortality
Water & Sanitation
Food & Nutrition
Health for all
Education for all
Alternate energy
Droughts & Floods
Security & Safety
MULTIPLE DEMANDS
Scientific Temper
Implementation
Improved services
Better Governance
District level Development
Maintenance
Dignity of Labor
Process Re-engineering…
And More…..
ROLE OF TECHNOLOGY
access
Technology as a tool
for problem solving
Technology an entry
point to increase
delivery
efficiency
service
productivity
transparency
ROLE OF GOVERNMENT
Government can:
Drive innovation through education policy and skill development
Improve governance and re-engineer public service delivery by
innovating within its own structures
Create a roadmap for Inclusive Innovation
Facilitate connections between universities, manufacturers, users
and regulators
Drive high quality research, basic research & Business Innovations
Bring appropriate Defense research to consumer market
Promote Innovative Policies & Places
Provide appropriate infrastructures
Facilitate exchange of innovations between public and private
sectors
Initiate Nation wide innovation movement
SOME INNOVATIVE INITIATIVES BY GOVERNMENT
Right to Information
Right to Education
NREGA
Mid Day Meal
Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan
National Knowledge
Commission
Aadhar/ UID
Proposed Food
Security Bill
Administrative
Reforms Committee
and more
Need improved processes, coordination, collaboration,
communication & implementation
National Innovation
Council
International
Collaborations
State/
Sectoral Innovation
Councils
National Innovation
Portal
Outreach
Action Plan
Multiple Roadmaps
Eco System
Inclusive
Innovation
Fund
Collaboration,
Training & Support
University
Innovation Centers
Innovation
Clusters
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CONSULTATIONS
Government
Political Parties
Ministry of S&T
Science Advisory Council to the PM
HRD
Ministry of Information and
Communications Technology
Ministry of Health and Family
Welfare
Ministry of Railways
Ministry of Law and Justice
NIC
Planning Commission
PMO
State Governments
Professionals
Indian Science Community and
associations
Indian Industry Associations – CII,
FICCI, AIMA, etc.
Think Tanks and Innovation
Organizations
NGOs
Multilateral Agencies
Regional/ National/ International
Consultations
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UNIQUE WINDOW OF OPPORTUNITY
Redefine Innovation Paradigm beyond R&D
Focus on Inclusive Innovations
Create innovation roadmaps across sectors
Create necessary ecosystem, talent & funding
Use ICT/Web as entry point for delivery
Build scalable and sustainable Indian model
10 HP Mini Tractor
Motor Protection Device
The only one of its kind multifeature protection device
•Prevents motors from burn-outs
from 21 potential fault conditions
which can occur like:
Overheating
Dry run
Phase reversal
Voltage fluctuations
Provides earth protection and
auto starter
•Suitable for working with motors
from 3HP to 100 HP range
•Modular design, therefore ease in
customization
Buttonhole Making Machine
•Radically simple design
ensuring high degree of
maintainability
•Designed with the tailoring
business in mind
•Capacity of 100-120
buttonholes per hour
•Full shuttle mechanism with 96
stitches per buttonhole
•The technology is at incubation
stage and needs design and
technology value addition
Motorcycle Driven Plough
•Attachment which converts a
motorcycle into a “mini-tractor”
•Capable of doing agriculture
operations like:
Cultivating
Ploughing
Spraying (with a special
attachment)
•Easy assembly and
disengagement - convertibility
time about 15 minutes
•A highly economical machine
for small farmers and ideal for
bullet owners
•Immense market opportunity given the
large number of bullet motorcycles
operational in villages of India
•Price of the attachment – Rs. 20,000
WHAT A PARTICIPANT IS REQUIRED TO
DO :
To pick up any such grassroots innovation
Brief description about the process or scientific principle laying behind
the technology
It’s advantages , limitations & constraints.
How that technology can be up scaled or the potential areas of its
application
What technical or any other improvements could be possible ( if at all
possible)
Economics of the operation (/installation)
Whether the technology is sustainable!
WEBSITES
Official website: www.iii.gov.in
National Innovation Council: www.innovationcouncil.gov.in
National Knowledge Commission: www.knowledgecommission.gov.in
National Knowledge Network: http://www.nkn.in/
Portals
National Innovation Portal: www.innovation.gov.in
India Biodiversity Portal: www.indiabiodiversity.org
Teachers of India: www.teachersofindia.org
India Environment Portal: www.indiaenvironmentportal.org.in
India Energy Portal: www.indiaenergyportal.org
India Water Portal: www.indiawaterportal.org
Social Media:
Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/pages/New-Delhi-India/Adviser-to-the-PM-onPublic-Information-Infrastructure-and-Innovations/100738043327407?v=wall
Youtube: http://www.youtube.com/iii
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THANK YOU
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