Chapter 8: Sensation and Perception
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Transcript Chapter 8: Sensation and Perception
Unit 4:
Sensation and
Perception
Mr. McCormick
A.P. Psychology
Essential Question
How do people use the
7 known senses
to understand the
world around them?
Unit 4(A):
Sensation, Perception,
and Attention
Mr. McCormick
A.P. Psychology
Do-Now
(Discussion)
Open your textbooks to Pg. 229:
“Sensation and Perception”
What is Prosopagnosia?
How does this condition illustrate the
difference between sensation and
perception?
Sensation and Perception
Sensation:
The process by which our sensory receptors and
nervous system receive and represent stimulus
energies from our environment
“Bottom-Up”
Perception:
The process or organizing and interpreting
sensory information, enabling us to recognize
meaningful objects and events
“Bottom-Up” and “Top-Down”
Sensation and Perception:
“Bottom-Up” Vs. “Top-Down”
“Bottom-Up” Processing:
“Top-Down” Processing:
T E C T
“The Forest Has Eyes”
Bev Doolittle
Sensation and Perception:
“Bottom-Up” Vs. “Top-Down”
Look at the images on Hand-Out 6-12:
What does each image represent
Which process is “Bottom-Up?”
Why?
Which process is “Top-Down?”
Why?
Sensation and Perception
Organisms are equipped with sensory and perceptual
abilities based upon their individual needs:
A frog, which feeds on flying insects, has eyes with receptor cells that
fire only in response to small, dark, moving objects. A frog could starve
to death knee-deep in motionless flies. But let one zoom by and the
frog’s “bug detector” cells snap awake.
A male silkworm moth has receptors so sensitive to the female sexattractant odor that a single female need release only a billionth of an
ounce per second to attract every male silkworm moth within a mile.
That is why there continue to be silkworms.
Humans are similarly equipped to detect the important features of our
environment. Our ears are more sensitive to sound frequencies that
include human voice consonants and a baby’s cry.
Perception and
Selective Attention
Selective Attention:
The focusing of conscious awareness on a
particular stimulus
The five senses take in 11,000,000 bits of
information per second; however, people
consciously process 40 bits.
Perception and
Selective Attention
Inattentional Blindness:
Failing to see visible objects when our attention is
directed elsewhere
Simons and Chabris:
“Gorilla Study” (1999)
50% of participants failed to consciously perceive gorilla
Change Blindness:
Failure to notice changes in the environment
Simons and Levin:
“Door Study” (1998)
50% of participants failed to consciously perceive change of actor
Review
What is the difference between sensation
and perception?
How do sensation and perception help us
understand the world around us?
What is selective attention?
Differentiate between inattentional
blindness and change blindness.
Homework
Chapter 6 Outline: “Sensation and Perception”
Unit 4 Key People
Research Study Response #5: “Take a Long
Look” (Pgs. 36-42)
Unit 4 Quiz: “Sensation and Perception