Transcript ch 9 jeopardy review

Biology Jeopardy
PMAT
Stem cells
Cell cycle!
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True or
false
Motor cycle
Final Jeopardy
10 points
True or False:
Diffusion over a large distance
is slow and inefficient because
it relies on random movement
of molecules and ions
10 points
True!
Diffusion over a large
distance is very
inefficient
20 points
True or False:
The cell cycle is divided
into 2 phases –
interphase and mitosis
20 points
False ! The cell cycle
has 3 main stages:
interphase, mitosis and
cytokinesis
30 points
True or False: in plant
cells, cytokinesis begins
with a furrow that
pinches off the cell to
form two new daughter
cells
30 points
False! Plant cells are
unable to pinch off the
cytoplasm, and must use
a cell plate in order to
divide the cell’s
cytoplasm
40 points
True or False:
Stem cells can be only
two different types:
embryonic or adult
40 points
False! Stem cells can
now come from 4
different types: Adult,
embryonic, umbilical,
and IPS (induced
pluripotent stem cells)
50 points
True or False:
During prophase in an
onion root tip cell,
centrioles migrate to the
poles of the cell
50 points
False! Plant cells do not
have centrioles - the
spindle apparatus
attaches directly to the
inside of the cell wall
10 points
The stage when the
chromosomes are found
lined up at the equator of
the cell
10 points
Chromosomes line up at
the equator during
METAPHASE
20 points
The nuclear envelope
breaks down, nucleolus
disappears, and
chromosomes finish
coiling very tight occurs
during this stage
20 points
Prophase is when nucleolus
disappears, nuclear envelope
breaks down, and chromosomes
will finish coiling tighter
30 points
During this phase the
sister chromatids begin
to separate away from
each other, and are now
called individual
chromosomes
30 points
Anaphase
40 points
By the end of prophase, which of these
has occurred?
A. Sister chromatids are separated
B. The spindle is beginning to
disintegrate
C. The cell membrane has begun to
pinch inward
D. The nuclear membrane has
disappeared
40 points
A. Sister chromatids are
separated
B. The spindle is beginning to
disintegrate
C. The cell membrane has
begun to pinch inward
D. The nuclear membrane
(envelope) has disappeared
50 points
Prokaryotes like bacteria divide by
“binary fission” which is asexual
reproduction in which
A. The nucleus divides into two nuclei
B. The number of chromosomes in the
cell is reduced
C. A cell divides into two cells with
identical genetic information
D. Spindle fibers attach to the poles of
the cell
50 points
A prokaryotic cell has no
nucleus, no spindle
fibers, and the cell will
split into two identical
cells with identical
genetic information
so…C is the answer
10 points
Your body contains only
these type of stem cells
10 points
Your body only contains
adult stem cells
20 points
A stem cell is a great potential for
medical uses because it
A. Undergoes mitosis
B. Is not specialized in structure and
function
C. Is similar to a cancer cell, providing
a study system
D. Undergoes apoptosis
20 points
A stem cell is not
specialized, allowing it to
become many different
types of cells – giving
stem cells a great
potential for medicine
30 points
Stem cells that are found
in the “birth chord” of a
newborn baby
30 points
Umbilical stem cells
40 points
This type of stem cells
are considered to be the
most restrictive, found in
the person’s own body
and might be used to
maintain and repair the
same type of tissues in
which they are found
40 points
Adult stem cells are considered
to be the most restrictive, are
found in the person’s own body
and might be used to maintain
and repair the same type of
tissues in which they are found
50 points
This type of stem cells are
present in a developing
blastodisc about 5 days after
fertilization – they are thought to
be the most unstable of all stem
cells and have yet to
differentiate at any level
50 points
Embryonic stem cells
are found after 5 days in
a blastodisc – can
ultimately become any
cell in the body
10 points
CDK requires this other
protein (enzyme) to
allow for the regulating
the cell cycle
10 points
CDK (cyclin dependent
kinases) require the
enzyme Cyclin to
regulate the cell cycle
20 points
the DNA replicated
during this stage of
interphase
20 points
DNA is replicated during
the Synthesis (S) phase
30 points
Scientists can apply a chemical called
Colchicine to freeze the cells in
metaphase by preventing the
chromosomes from moving away from
the metaphase plate – what part of the
cell does Colchicine most likely affect?
A. Chromosome structure
B. Spindle fibers
C. Nuclear membrane
D. Cell membrane
30 points
Colchicine most likely affects the
spindle fibers, so that the fibers
are unable to pull apart the
chromosomes, keeping the cell
“frozen” in metaphase
40 points
A cell that undergoes
mitosis without going
through cytokinesis will
then have many of these
40 points
If a cell had mitosis and
no cytokinesis would
end up with many nuclei
(There are protozoans
called amoebas that are
multinucleated)
50 points
The typical growth period of
the cell occurs during this
stage of the cell cycle
A. Gap 1(G1)
B. Gap 2 (G2)
C. Synthesis (S)
D. Mitosis
50 points
The typical growth
period of the cell occurs
during this stage of the
cell cycle
A. Gap 1(G1)
B. Gap 2 (G2)
C. Synthesis (S)
D. Mitosis
10 points
Uncontrolled growth of
cells can be called this
10 points
Uncontrolled growth is
called Cancer
20 points
Tumors and cancer may
develop in an organism
if there are problems
with these two type of
proteins (enzymes) that
control the cell cycle
20 points
Tumors and cancer may
develop with problems
with the Cyclin and
Cyclin Dependent
Kinases (CDK)
30 points
At what stage(s) is
Cyclin and CDK active
and functioning
30 points
(Trick question)
Cyclin and CDK are both
active throughout the entire
cell cycle
40 points
What is said to happen
to the DNA to cause
cancer?
40 points
Cancer is said to be
caused by changes
(Mutations) to the DNA
molecules of affected
cells
50 points
Aging may be caused by
the loss of this part of
the chromosome each
time the cell undergoes
mitosis
50 points
Aging is thought to occur
due to the loss of
Telomeres, found at the
end of the chromosome
Final Jeopardy
Give similarities AND differences of
cytokinesis in both plant and animal
cells
Final Jeopardy Answer
Similar: Both plant and animal cells
will separate their cytoplasm during
cytokinesis, Difference: plants they
will form a cell plate to eventually
form a rigid cell wall in between cells,
while animal cells will use a
contractile ring formation to pinch off
the cytoplasm to separate the
cytoplasm