Transcript Guam Wage and Compensation Forum 2014
presents :
Dr. Maria Claret Mapálad-Ruane
Professor of Economics, University of Guam
Which Hourly Wage Rate?
(Maria) Claret M. Ruane, Ph.D.
University of Guam Professor of Economics, School of Business and Public Administration Resident Development Economist, Pacific Center for Economic Initiatives [email protected]
Which Hourly Wage Rate?
1 A 1A + 1C FAMILY SIZE (A=adult; C=child/ren) 1A + 1A + 2A + 2C 3C 2A 1C 2A + 2C 2A + 3C $7.25 hourly / $15,080 annually Current Federal and Guam Minimum Wage (since July 24, 2009) POVERTY WAGE Wage rate required to meet the poverty threshold using 48 CONUS states plus 20% cost differential on Guam MINIMUM WAGE ADJUSTED 1 Adjusted to keep pace with overall price increase since Q2 2009 (+10.44% increase on Guam overall CPI) MINIMUM WAGE ADJUSTED 2 Adjusted to keep pace with price increases in food, housing, utilities, fuel, etc. since Q2 2009 (+21% increase on Guam overall CPI) 6.89
9.13
10.67
13.48
8.87
$8.01 hourly $16,661 annually $8.77 hourly $18,242 annually 10.66
13.43
15.81
PROPOSED FEDERAL MINIMUM WAGE $10.10 hourly / $21,008 annually PROPOSED FEDERAL MINIMUM WAGE PLUS 20% COST DIFFERENTIAL ON GUAM $12.12 hourly $25,210 annually LIVING WAGE http://www.livingwage.mit.edu
wage rate required to meet minimum standards of living, to be the sole income-earner and provide for the family 10.07
19.74
27.20
33.44
16.71
21.85
25.13
27.02
HOUSING WAGE http://nlihc.org/oor/2014 wage rate required to afford a 2BD rental at fair market rate, FMR) Based on current MLS listing, 40% percentile of 2BD rentals on Guam is $850 per month $17.31 hourly $36,005 annually 2013 Median Wage Rate on Guam $12.23 hourly / $ 25,239 Calculations by C. Ruane (April 9, 2014); Multiple references were used to prepare this table (please email [email protected]
for details)
Joseph P. Bradley
Senior Vice President & Chief Economist, Bank of Guam
Guam
Wage and Compensation Forum
2014
___
ECONOMY
presented by Joseph P. Bradley SVP/Chief Economist Bank of Guam April 10, 2014
• •
Guam’s Payroll Employment – QIV:2013
There were 61,840 jobs filled – Many people are counted more than once because they have more than one job The private sector accounts for 74.8% of all jobs
Total Payroll Employment, by Industry Fourth Quarter, 2013
AGRICULTURE, 160, 0% LOCAL GOVERNMENT, 11,570, 19% CONSTRUCTION, 7,120, 11% MANUFACTURING, 1,420, 2% TRANSPORTATION/PUBLIC UTILITIES, 4,810, 8% FEDERAL GOVERNMENT, 4,000, 6% RETAIL TRADE, 11,530, 19% SERVICES, 16,450, 27% WHOLESALE TRADE, 2,250, 4% FINANCE/INSURANCE/REAL ESTATE, 2,530, 4%
• •
Guam’s Payroll Employment – QIV:2013
There were 61,840 jobs filled – Many people are counted more than once because they have more than one job The private sector accounts for 74.8% of all jobs – Females fill 43.5% of all jobs, but 52.5% of all public sector jobs • 81.2% of the jobs filled by females are in retail trade, the service industry or government – Males fill 56.5% of all jobs, but 59.6% of all private sector jobs • 81.5% of the jobs filled by males are in construction, retail trade, the service industry or government
LOCAL GOVERNMENT; 6 200 FEDERAL GOVERNMENT; 1 970
Female
MANUFACTURING ; 350 CONSTRUCTION; 360 AGRICULTURE; 20 TRANSPORTATION /PUBLIC UTILITIES; 1 840 RETAIL TRADE; 6 120 SERVICES; 7 530 WHOLESALE TRADE; 720 FINANCE/INSURA NCE/REAL ESTATE; 1 770
Male
LOCAL GOVERNMENT; 5 370 AGRICULTURE; 140 CONSTRUCTION; 6 760 MANUFACTURING ; 1 070 FEDERAL GOVERNMENT; 2 030 TRANSPORTATIO N/PUBLIC UTILITIES; 2 970 SERVICES; 8 920 RETAIL TRADE; 5 410 FINANCE/INSURA NCE/REAL ESTATE; 760 WHOLESALE TRADE; 1 530
•
Private Production Jobs – QIV:2013
Out of 46,270 private sector jobs filled, 38,500 (83.2%) were in non-supervisory positions – Those are the jobs for which we have average earnings and hours worked data – These data show that females tend to concentrate in lower-earning industries than do males • 22.8% of female jobs are in retail trade, where average weekly earnings are the lowest, at $345.07
• 28.0% of female jobs are in the service industry, where average weekly earnings are the fourth lowest, at $429.47
• (30.4% are in the public sector, for which I do not have comparable earnings data, but they are likely higher)
•
Private Production Jobs – QIV:2013
Out of 46,270 private sector jobs filled, 38,500 (83.2%) were in non-supervisory positions – Those are the jobs for which we have average earnings and hours worked data – These data show that males tend to concentrate in higher-earning industries than do females • 15.5% of male jobs are in retail trade, where average weekly earnings are lowest, at $345.07
• 25.5% of male jobs are in the service industry, where average weekly earnings are fourth lowest, at $429.47
• 19.3% of male jobs are in construction, where average weekly earnings are second highest, at $605.12
• 21.2% of male jobs are in the public sector
• •
Earnings Disparities – QIV:2013
At this juncture, the numbers become more tenuous, since I have to apply production worker earnings to all male and female jobs – Thus, it is estimated that males’ average weekly earnings are 13.3% higher than females’ – This, though, appears to be related more to industrial concentrations instead of any pattern of discrimination – However, keep in mind that these figures are rough estimates, and by no means conclusive I can, though, talk about earnings disparities over time
$600,00 $500,00 $400,00 $300,00 $200,00 $206,07 $100,00 $0,00
Average Weekly Earnings - Guam Private Sector Production Workers
$394,58 $339,99 $479,77
140,0 120,0 100,0 80,0 60,0 40,0 20,0 25,1 0,0
Consumer Price Index - Guam (QIV:2007 base = 100)
52,4 73,5 115,8
$1 000,00 $900,00 $821,62 $800,00 $700,00 $600,00 $500,00 $400,00 $300,00 $200,00 $100,00 $0,00
Real Average Weekly Earnings - Guam Private Sector Production Workers (Adjusted for Guam's Consumer Price Index)
$648,83 $537,05 $414,31
• • •
The Minimum Wage
A hot topic, especially since President Obama brought it up in the 2013 State of the Union – Little chance it will pass Congress, though, making it a big campaign issue this year Wage rates don’t matter; it is what you can buy with those wages that is important The minimum wage in Guam, adjusted for inflation, has not fared very well over the years – It’s has less than half the purchasing power that it had 30 years ago
$16,00 $14,00 $13,36 $12,00 $10,00 $8,00 $6,00 $4,00 $3,35 $2,00 $-
Real v. Nominal Minimum Wage Rate in Guam
(QIV:2007 Dollars) $8,11 $4,25 $7,01 $5,15 U.S. Minimum Wage Guam Minimum Wage in QIV:2007 Dollars $7,25 $6,26
• • •
The Minimum Wage
A hot topic, especially since President Obama brought it up in the 2013 State of the Union – Little chance it will pass Congress, though, making it a big campaign issue this year Wage rates don’t matter; it is what you can buy with those wages that is important The minimum wage in Guam, adjusted for inflation, has not fared very well over the years – It’s has less than half the purchasing power that it had 30 years ago – A $10.10 minimum wage would get us back to where we were in the middle of 1992
$16,00 $14,00 $13,36 $12,00 $10,00 $8,00 $6,00 $4,00 $3,35 $2,00 $-
Real v. Nominal Minimum Wage Rate in Guam
(QIV:2007 Dollars) $8,11 $4,25 $7,01 What Guam's real minimum wage would be with a $10.10 nominal minimum wage (QIV:2007 Dollars) $8.72
$7,25 $6,26 $5,15 U.S. Minimum Wage Guam Minimum Wage in QIV:2007 Dollars
• •
Conclusion
I hope that this has been informative (What did you expect in five minutes?) I also hope that it stimulates discussion and, eventually, action
Gary A. Hiles
Chief Economist, Department of Labor (Gov. of Guam)
April 10, 2014
Wage and Compensation Forum
Guam Women’s Chamber of Commerce Marriott Resort Hotel Gary A. Hiles Chief Economist, Department of Labor Bureau of Labor Statistics
Outline of Presentation
Sources of Guam Statistics Gender Gap? - Income Influenced by: Work – Labor Force Characteristics Employment by Industry & Sector Education Level & Occupation Women’s Earnings Minimum Wage Minimum Wage Proposal Impact Flows of Funds and Business Revenue Sources Government Employment Trends Recommendation for Additional Research – More Census 2010 Cross-tabulations Comments Requested
Review of Key Guam Economic & Statistics Sites • • • • • • www.dol.guam.gov
Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics www.visitguam.org
www.bsp.guam.gov
Guam Visitors Bureau Bureau of Statistics & Plans www.bbmr.guam.gov
Bureau of Budget & Management Research (BBMR) www.guamopa.com
The Office of Public Accountability www.investguam.com
Guam Economic Development Authority
Review of Key Guam Statistics Resources
Federal Statistics (Includes Guam) • U.S. Department of Commerce, Census Bureau • www.census.gov
Economic, Population & County Business Patterns • U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics • www.bls.gov
Data query & report generation wages.
• Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA) • www.bea.gov
Gross Domestic Product Statistics
Website – GUAM DOL - BLS
Website – GUAM DOL - BLS
Labor Force Characteristics
Unemployment Rate- Guam Unemployment Rate - U.S.
Adult Men 8.4% 6.2% Adult Women Latest Period 8.4%Sept. 2013 6.2%Mar. 2014 Percent of Employment - Guam Percent of Employment - U.S.
Men 16+ Women 16+ 51.3% 46.1%Sept. 2013 53.1% 46.9%Mar. 2014
Employment by Industry, Sector & Sex
Female Male
Agriculture 14.3% Construction Manufacturing Transportation & P.Utilities
Wholesale Trade Retail Trade Finance, Ins. & Real Estate Services Total Private 5.1% 24.6% 38.3% 32.0% 53.1% 70.0% 45.8% 40.4% 85.7% 94.9% 75.4% 61.7% 68.0% 46.9% 30.0% 54.2% 59.6% Federal Government Government of Guam Total 49.3% 53.6% 43.5% 50.8% 46.4% 56.5%
Educational Attainment by Age & Sex
Table 2-11. Educational Attainment and Sex by Age: 2010 NOTE: For information on confidentiality protection, nonsampling error, and definitions, see www.census.gov/prod/cen2010/doc/dct1gu.pdf.
Characteristic EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT Population 18 years and over ...Less than 9th grade ...9th to 12th grade, no diploma ...High school graduate, GED, or alternative credential ...Some college or associate's degree ...Bachelor's degree ...Graduate or professional degree ...Percent high school graduate, GED, or alternative credential; or higher ...Percent bachelor's degree or higher Females 18 years and over ...Less than 9th grade ...9th to 12th grade, no diploma ...High school graduate, GED, or alternative credential ...Some college or associate's degree ...Bachelor's degree ...Graduate or professional degree ...Percent high school graduate, GED, or alternative credential; or higher ...Percent bachelor's degree or higher Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2010 Census Guam 52,492 4,010 7,285 17,255 13,621 7,870 2,451 78.5
19.7
Total 18 to 24 years 25 to 29 years 30 to 34 years 35 to 44 years 45 to 54 years 55 to 64 years 65 years and over 107,046 7,359 15,336 37,404 28,053 14,182 4,712 78.8
17.7
17,793 440 3,907 7,228 5,503 669 46 75.6
4.0
10,746 412 1,623 3,705 3,406 1,385 215 81.1
14.9
10,346 413 1,679 3,334 2,841 1,566 513 79.8
20.1
23,063 1,100 3,042 8,156 5,995 3,529 1,241 82.0
20.7
20,275 1,144 2,231 7,207 5,239 3,316 1,138 83.4
22.0
14,076 1,353 1,484 4,609 3,339 2,332 959 79.8
23.4
10,747 2,497 1,370 3,165 1,730 1,385 600 64.0
18.5
8,334 193 1,764 3,121 2,816 416 24 76.5
5.3
5,315 206 763 1,650 1,746 821 129 81.8
17.9
5,195 206 797 1,508 1,438 925 321 80.7
24.0
11,149 480 1,361 3,678 2,948 1,992 690 83.5
24.1
9,696 569 1,057 3,351 2,427 1,752 540 83.2
23.6
7,067 780 774 2,325 1,510 1,209 469 78.0
23.7
5,736 1,576 769 1,622 736 755 278 59.1
18.0
CENSUS 2000 INCOME STATISTICS - Significant Income Difference by Gender – Reduced with Full-Time Work Comparisons Income in 1999 Median Males Females Unweighted Average: % of Mens % of Population: $21,548 $15,461 $18,505 71.8% 83.6% Mean LABOR FORCE Usually worked 35 or more hours per week Population Females Percent of Population: $23,225 $21,387 92.1% $28,794 $20,232 $24,513 70.3% 82.5% $29,652 $25,733 86.8%
As of April 2, 2014
• • • Bill Summary & Status: Motion to proceed to consideration of measure made in Senate.
113 th Congress S. 1737 Minimum Wage Fairness Act – Amends the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 (FLSA) to increase the federal minimum wage for employees to: (1) $8:20 an hour beginning on the first day of the sixth month after the enactment of this Act, (2) $9.15 an hour beginning one year after the date of such initial increase, (3) $10.10 an hour beginning two years after the date of such initial increase, (3) $10.10 an hour beginning two years after such date, and (4) the amount determined by the Secretary of Labor (based on increases in the Consumer Price Index) beginning three years after such date and annually thereafter.
Number of Employees by Minimum Wage Threshold Summary
ALL WORKERS: Total: Mean Wage Less than $8.20 Less than $9.15 Less than $10.10 Private Sector Federal Government (ex. NonApp) Government of Guam Percent of Private Sector Percent of Total Guam 46,170 2,968 11,835 U.S. Overall - Directly Affected U.S. Overall - Indirectly Affected Difference: (Additional Indirect) Source: Guam - Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Data - Economic Policy Institute $13.65 28.27
19.78
7,840 0 408 17% 14% 17,450 0 955 38% 30% 22,363 30 1478 48% 39% 13% 21% 8%
Number of Employees by Minimum Wage Threshold By Occupation ALL WORKERS - ALL SECTORS SOC Occupational Title
0 Total All Occupations 11 Management Occupations 13 Business and Financial Operations Occ.
15 Computer and Mathematical Occ.
17 Architecture and Engineering Occ.
19 Life, Physical, and Social Science Occ.
21 Community and Social Services Occ.
23 Legal Occupations 25 Education, Training, and Library Occ.
27 Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports, … 29 Healthcare Practitioners and Tech…
Number Mean Employed Wage
46,170 $13.65
4,374 1,325 $27.63
$20.48
400 598 60 170 $19.71
$24.71
$22.47
$14.47
108 626 561 834 $22.52
$12.08
$12.74
$24.92
Less than $8.20 Less than $9.15 Less than $10.10
7,840 75 35 15 4 0 17 8 92 90 29 17,450 183 74 34 10 1 39 18 196 201 67 22,363 290 124 48 16 3 48 23 250 256 109
Continued by Occupation ALL WORKERS - ALL SECTORS SOC Occupational Title
31 Healthcare Support Occupations 33 Protective Service Occupations 35 Food Preperation and Serving-Related.
37 Building & Grounds Cleaning & Maint… 39 Personal Care & Service Occupations 41 Sales and Related Occupations 43 Office & Administrative Support Occ.
47 Consturction & Extraction Occupations 49 Installation, Maintenance, and Repair… 51 Production Occupations 53 Transportation & Material Moving Occ.
Number Mean Employed Wage
563 1,156 $11.94
$8.38
Less than $8.20 Less than $9.15 Less than $10.10
59 407 129 913 205 1,104 6,324 2,825 1,592 4,189 $8.64
$8.87
$10.59
$10.28
2,238 956 405 962 4,834 2,050 875 2,225 5,696 2,408 1,100 2,884 8,110 5,065 2,859 $11.85
$13.30
$13.64
1,341 239 285 2,927 512 633 3,861 731 932 1,440 2,984 $11.77
$13.89
284 529 613 1,175 778 1,522
TOP TEN AFFECTED OCCUPATIONS
Most Affected NAICS 9 10 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 TOP TEN 35 Food Preperation and Serving-Related.
43 Office & Administrative Support Occ.
41 Sales and Related Occupations 37 Building & Grounds Cleaning & Maint… 53 Transportation & Material Moving Occ.
33 Protective Service Occupations 39 Personal Care & Service Occupations 49 Installation, Maintenance, and Repair… 51 Production Occupations 47 Consturction & Extraction Occupations
Number Mean Employed Wage Less than $8.20 Less than $9.15 Less than $10.10
6,324 8,110 4,189 2,825 2,984 1,156 1,592 2,859 1,440 5,065 $8.64
$11.85
$10.28
$8.87
$13.89
$8.38
$10.59
$13.64
$11.77
$13.30
2,238 1,341 962 956 529 407 405 285 284 239 4,834 2,927 2,225 2,050 1,175 913 875 633 613 512 5,696 3,861 2,884 2,408 1,522 1,104 1,100 932 778 731
Minimum Wage Impact & Women
• • Women in the workforce are more highly concentrated in low-wage sectors such as personal care and healthcare support occupations.
Women account for more than half (55 percent) of all workers who would benefit from increasing the minimum wage to $10.10
The Impact of Raising the Minimum Wage on Women
March 2014 The White House
Flow of Funds to Guam FY 2010
•
Business Revenue by Class of Customer
Source: 2007 Guam Economic Census
Revenue by Class of Customer
Local Government 4% Federal Government 7% Construction firms 12% All other customers 11% Retailers or wholesalers 14% Local Residents 36% Visiting tourists 16%
Business Revenue by Sector
Other services except p.a.
Accomodation & food svs.
Arts, entertainment Health Care Educational Services Administrative & support Management of companies Professional & scientific Real Estate and rental Finance & Insurance Information Transportation Retail Trade Wholesale Trade Manufacturing Construction Utilities 87 581 11 656 180 543 245 079 189 912 635 286 0 7 507 230 912 201 565 466 024 197 574 219 946 1 618 402 799 845 166 790 200 000 578 869 406 976 400 000 600 000 800 000 1 000 000 1 200 000 1 400 000 1 600 000 1 800 000
Economic Census Summary 2002 & 2007
Total for all sectors Number of establishments Sales, receipts, revenue ($1,000) Annual payroll ($1,000) Number of Employees 2002 2,926 4,591,828 846,256 43,104 2007 % Change 3,143 6,244,456 1,100,598 52,394 7.4% 36.0% 30.1% 21.6% Class of customer All classes of customer Local residents Visiting tourists Retailers or wholesalers Construction firms Federal Government Local Government All other customers not specified Percent 100.00
35.80
15.70
13.80
12.30
7.60
4.00
10.70
0,60 0,40 0,20 0,00 1,40 1,20 1,00 0,80 Total Employment 1984 to 2012 Guam and U.S. National Data NAICS 91 - Total Federal Govt Employment Guam Employment Guam 9 000 8 000 7 000 6 000 5 000 4 000 3 000 2 000 1 000 0
Thanks
• • Thank you for responding to our surveys.
2012 Economic Census publication is scheduled for release April 29, 2014.
• • Your comments and ideas are solicited. [email protected]
You may also submit comments on our website: www.dol.guam.gov
Roseann M. Jones, Ph.D.
Professor of Economics, University of Guam
(See website for separate download.)
Wage & Compensation Forum
Roseann M. Jones April 10, 2014
Wage Effects
Wage Effects
on overall economic activity
of an increased minimum wage of income inequality
...
On Economic Activity
Wal-Mart
’
s market is the bottom 60 percent of families and with both male and female real earnings now falling for those families, the purchasing power of their current customers has to decline. No one can sell more to those who have less.
Lester C. Thurow, MIT
...Of Minimum Wage Increase
What
’
s wrong with rising wages, anyway? In the past, wage increases of about 4 percent a year – more than twice the current rate – have been consistent with low inflation.
Paul Krugman, Princeton
...
On Income Inequality
Capital returns enable them (corporate executives) to accumulate wealth at far higher rates than the mass of men and women whose wages grow no faster than the economy or their own productivity.
Thomas Piketty Capital in the 21st Century
Senator Benjamin J.F. Cruz
Senator and Vice Speaker 32 nd Guam Legislature
(See website for separate pdf download.)
Benita Atalig Manglona
Director, Department of Administration (Gov. of Guam)
GWCC Wage and Compensation Forum 2014 April 10, 2014
Introduction
Wage Gaps
public / private sector
Wage Gaps Public / Private Sector Gender gaps in government compensation Established pay by position Comprehensive analysis to identify problem areas Wage gap Public / Private Sector Some positions 1991 last adjustment for General Pay Plan GG pay regulated per Title 4 GCA, Chapter 6 Section 6301 Wage gap between GG
Summary & Conclusion
Public / Private Sector Wage Gaps
Thorough Analysis
Consider island-wide impact
Forum is good starting point
THANK YOU
Andrew Andrus
Executive Director, The Employers Council (no accompanying powerpoint presentation)
Barry L. Mead, CFBE, CHE
Consultant on Labor
Employer, Employee, Economy The Impact on Wages from an Employee Representative Perspective
Barry L. Mead, CFBE, CHE Consultant on Labor
• • • •
Wages and Their Impact a Viewpoint
Unemployment though reportedly at an all time low is still over 40% of Guam’s entire eligible work force when factoring in the 48,000 people not looking for work but yet draw on the government for some type of assistance, The allowance of H2 workers without mandating accompanying apprenticeships for “local” hires, Right to Work Laws coupled with the belief that all unions are bad, and The lack of Unemployment Compensation all contribute to not only the “GAP” but the overall low wages paid to Guam workers.
Is There a Gap Issue
• IN A WORD YES!
Not only between Guam and the rest of the U.S. but more so between Guam’s Private Sector and the Government of Guam
.
– Not just in or so much wages, but the entire benefit (wage) package.
•
All Government of Guam employees receive
– – – – 40 hours a week of work & pay 14 days paid sick and vacation leave per year Equal Pay regardless of gender with regular Increases Medical & Dental Insurance
Impact of Increasing the Minimum Wage
• • •
Current Minimum Wage $7.25 per hour
– Most MW earners work 35 hrs = $253.75 per week, $13,195 a year
Raising Minimum Wage by $1.00 per hour
– With a work force of say 16 MW earners working a shift this equates to a $16 per hour employee cost increase.
Who is impacted the most
– MW earners • They are the ones laid off or expected to work harder to pick up the needed production – Leads to more people living on or qualifying for Social Programs including MIP, SNAP and Low Income Housing • Can not afford raised sales prices
Where is the Greatest Impact
• • Current Minimum Wage $7.25 per hour – Most MW earners work 35 hrs = $253.75 per week, $13,195 a year Poverty Level for a family of 5 – – U.S. $27,910, Alaska $34,900, Hawaii $32,100, Guam $27,570 23% of the island live below this level and 70% of all GDOE students qualify for the Federal Free & Reduced Meal program (9 schools piloted all kids eat free because they are at 75%) • Guam wages are some of the lowest in the United States (BLS) – – National Average Median $16.87 Mean $22.33 Annual $46,440 Guam Median $12.23 Mean $15.72 Annual $32,700 • SNAP – Food Stamps – Guam has the highest per person rate ($216 per person per month) in the U.S. with 45,614 reported in June of 2013
Where is the Greatest Impact
• Section 8 & Low Income Housing – Guam received $32M in vouchers • Guam Memorial Hospital as an example – MIP / Medicaid and non-paying indigent people • Tax Payers of Guam – More money to social services and programs –vs- General Government Services • Private Business – Less spendable income means less spendin g
What are Possible Solutions
REVIEW OF RIGHT TO WORK LAW The Heritage Foundation Says (Pro)
◆ ◆
Right-to-work states attract more business investment.
Foreign investment in Oklahoma, for example, increased after the state passed a
◆ ◆ ◆
right-to-work law.
States that attract more investment create more jobs.
Unionized firms earn lower profits.
Right-to-work states have lower unemployment rates.
The Center for American Progress Says (Con)
◆ ◆
Workers in right-to-work laws earn lower wages.
Lower wages decrease consumer demand, resulting in fewer jobs.
◆
Oklahoma, for example, lost one-third of its manufacturing jobs after the state
◆ ◆
passed a right-to-work law.
Workers in right-to-work states are less likely to have health insurance.
Right-to-work laws undermine unions.
• • • • •
Overall Economic Impact
Guam exemplifies the negative impact that RTW has on local and state economies.
Guam spends less on education per pupil than any state.
– National Average $10,834, Idaho $8,285, Guam $6,265 Guam Teachers are some of the lowest paid in the U.S.
– Of the 10 states with the worst paid teachers 8 are RTW Pre-Natal Care in Guam is one of the lowest in the U.S.
– MW earners and Part Time employees do not receive the same benefits as full time employees and management resulting in less or no Medical Coverage, and no Sick Leave Days Guam wages are some of the lowest in the United States (BLS) – National Average Median $16.87 Mean $22.33 Annual $46,440 – Guam Median $12.23 Mean $15.72 Annual $32,700