Transcript Cells
Bell Work 1-23-12
An experiment should be controlled because it allows the scientist to test a a. conclusion b. a mass of information c. several variables d. a single variable
So what is a cell?
A Cell is…
The most basic unit of organization that can be considered as life.
Original Cell Theory
http://www.bio.miami.edu/~cmallery/150/unity/cell.text.htm
Theodor Schwann and Matthias Schleiden , 1839 1) The cell is the unit of structure, physiology, and organization in living things. 2) The cell retains a dual existence as a distinct entity and a building block in the construction of organisms. 3) Cells form by free-cell formation, similar to the formation of crystals (spontaneous generation).
Cell Theory
Spontaneous Generation
was part of the original cell theory Spontaneous Generation: http://www.chem.ox.ac.uk/vrchemistry/chapter26/page02.htm
Modern Cell Theory
1. All known living things are made up of cells. 2. The cell is the structural & functional unit of all living things.
3. All cells come from pre-existing cells by division. (Spontaneous Generation does not occur).
4. Cells contain hereditary information which is passed from cell to cell during cell division.
5. All cells are basically the same in chemical composition. 6. All energy flow (metabolism & biochemistry) of life occurs within cells. 70
There are 2 fundamental types of cells
There are 2 types of cells http://www.phschool.com/science/biology_place/biocoach/cells/common.html
What are the two types of cells?
Two Types of Cells http://www.biologymad.com/ http://www.cod.edu/people/faculty/fancher/ProkEuk.htm
http://www.phschool.com/science/biology_place/biocoach/cells/common.html
http://www.slic2.wsu.edu:82/hurlbert/micro101/pages/Chap2.html#Eukaryotic http://www.cod.edu/people/faculty/fancher/CellStructure.htm
Cells Alive: http://www.cellsalive.com/cells/cell_model.htm
1. Prokaryotes 2. Eukaryotes
Life on Mars
http://www.actionbioscience.org/biodiversity/salyers2.html?print
Life on Jupiter’s Moon Europa?
What do you think?
History of the Universe http://www.historyoftheuniverse.com/archaebact.html
There are 2 types of cells
Prokaryotic
Page 195 Cell that lacks internal structures surrounded by membranes.
Eukaryotic
Page 195 Organisms that have cells containing internal, membrane-bound structures.
Usually single-celled organisms.
Nucleoli rather than nucleus Organelle: Each has its own membrane.
Kingdom Archaebacteria Kingdom Monera (Eubacteria) Appeared 3.5 billion years ago Kingdoms Protista, Plantae, Fungae, Animalia. Evolved 1.5 billion years ago
Kingdoms and Cell Type
http://www.ric.edu/faculty/ptiskus/six_kingdoms/index.htm
http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/32547/archaea http://faculty.ccbcmd.edu/courses/bio141/lecguide/unit1/3domain/3domain.html
Prokaryote – Eubacteria / Monera
Unicellular Prokaryotes
Archaebacteria: Found in extreme environments
Euglena
Protista – The Protozoans Eukaryotes
Amoeba Paramecium
Plant Cell / Eukaryote
Animal Cell / Eukaryote
Cell Parts
http://www.biology.arizona.edu/CELL_BIO/tutorials/pev/page3.html
www.cellsalive.com
http://www.johnkyrk.com/CellIndex.html
Plant Cell Coloring Sheet http://www.biologycorner.com/worksheets/cell_color_plant.html
Animal Cell Coloring Sheet http://www.biologyjunction.com/biology_coloring_worksheets.htm
Human Cell http://www.crayola.com/free-coloring-pages/print/human-cell-coloring-page/
Take Notes and Color Your Cell
1. Nucleolus: black 2. Nucleoplasm: pink 3. Nuclear Membrane: dark brown
Animal Cell
Nucleolus: black Nucleoplasm: pink Nuclear Membrane: dark brown Chromatin: gray
Plant Cell
Page 196-199
• • • • • Define: Nucleus Nucleolus Nuclear Membrane Nucleoplasm Chromatin
Parts of a Cell
• • • Nucleus: the largest membrane bound organelle; contains the cell’s DNA and manages cell function.
Nucleolus: Region within the nucleus that produces ribosomes, which are involved in protein synthesis Nuclear Membrane: nucleus The membrane of the
Parts of a Cell
• • Nucleoplasm: The fluid contained within the nucleus of a eukaryote in which the chromosomes and nucleoli are found.
Chromatin: long tangled strands of DNA found in the interphase nucleus of eukaryotic cells.
Cell Function Review
Great Cells Alive 1-24-12 Finish Coloring Finish Defining Read 189 to 208 Page 212, 1-9 Write and answer the questions
1. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum: light blue 2. Ribosomes: red 3. Rough endoplasmic reticulum: dark blue 4. Cell Membrane: light brown
Animal Cell
1. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum: light blue 2. Ribosomes: red 3. Rough endoplasmic reticulum: dark blue 4. Chloroplast : light green 5. Cell Membrane: light brown
Plant Cell
Page 196-199
• • • • • Define: Ribosomes Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum Chloroplast Cell Membrane
Parts of a Cell
• • • Ribosomes: Eukaryotic organelles involved in protein synthesis Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum: folded, complex system of membranes forming a type of transport system in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells. No ribosomes.
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum: with ribosomes
•
Parts of a Cell
Chloroplast: chlorophyll containing organelle found in green plants and some protists; site where light energy is converted into chemical energy, which is stored in food molecules Cell Membrane: found in plant and animal cells; also called the plasma membrane. Serves as the boundary between the cell and its external environment and allows materials such as oxygen and nutrients to enter and waste products to leave.
1. Microtubules: dark green 2. Lysosomes: pink 3. Mitochondria: dark brown 4. Golgi Apparatus: pink 5. Flagella: red blue striped and
Animal Cell
1. Mitochondria: dark brown 2. Golgi Apparatus: pink 3. Vacuole: light blue
Plant Cell
Page 196-199
Define: 1. Microtubules 2. Lysosomes 3. Mitochondria 4.Golgi Apparatus 5.Flagella
6.Vacuole
Parts of a Cell
• • Microtubules: hollow, thin, protein cylinders found in the cytoskeleton of eukaryotic cells; important in cell structure and locomotion Lysosomes: membrane bound organelles containing enzymes that digest food particles, viruses, bacteria, worn-out cell parts, and sometimes the cell itself
Parts of a Cell
• • Mitochondrion: Eukaryotic membrane-bound organelle in which food molecules are broken down to produce ATPs; containing highly folded inner membrane that produces energy storing molecules Golgi Apparatus: membrane sacs that receive, chemically modify, and repackage proteins into forms the cell can use, expel, or keep stored
Parts of a Cell
• • Flagella: long, threadlike structures composed of microtubules, project from within the plasma membrane and propel cells and organisms by a whip like motion Vacuole: membrane-bound, fluid-filled space within the cytoplasm; temporarily stores food, enzymes, and wastes
Chapter 7
Finish Coloring Finish Defining Read 189 to 208 Write and answer the questions Page 212, 1-9
You Tube Cell Videos
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BTicXXxzQ A4 , http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rABKB5aS 2Zg&feature=related , http://www.youtube.com/watch?v= zafJKbMPA8&feature=related , http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LP7xAr2F DFU&feature=related
Congratulations!
• Enjoy this crossword puzzle.
http://education.jlab.org/sciencecrossword/ce ll_structures_01.pdf http://go.hrw.com/resources/go_sc/bpe/HL1RC ELV.PDF