Transcript 译文1
科技文章的特点
科技文章的特点
大量使用名词化结构
广泛使用被动句
非限定动词的应用
大量使用后置定语
常出现长句
一、名词化结构
名词化是指把动词、形容词通过一定的方式,如 加缀、转化等转换成名词的语法过程。
因为科技文体要求行文简洁、表达客观、内容确 切、信息量大、强调存在的事实。而非某一行为 。
一、名词化结构
名词化转换形式
用名词替代动词 The earth rotates on its own axis, which causes the change from day to night. →
The rotation of the earth on own axis
causes the changes from day to night.
用名词替代形容词 It is doubtful how accurate the results are. →
The accuracy of these results
is doubtful.
用名词替代句子 If the experiment is done by this method, there will be some loss of equipment. →
The doing of the experiment by this method
will entail some loss of equipment.
二、被动句
科技文章侧重叙事、推理,强调客观、准确,因 而大量采用第三人称叙述,使用被动语态。
The safety policy should
be put into
practice through careful planning of the safety activities.
Occupational safety and health
has received
increasing attention due to its undeniable influence on economic development and social stability.
三、非限定动词
非限定动词,又叫非谓语动词,具有名词、形容 词和副词的特征,在句中可以充当主语、宾语、 表语、定语、状语、补足语等。
英语非限定动词有三种基本形式:
不定式 (Infinitives) 动名词( gerund ) 分词(现在分词 Present Participle 和过去分词 ed Participles) 。
三、非限定动词
不定式
A safety policy is the management’s expression of the direction
to be followed
in the organization.
动名词
Organizational culture is a major component
affecting
organizational performance and behavior.
分词
He walked down the hill,
singing
softly to himself.
Half of the guests
invited
to the party were foreigners.
四、后置定语
定语在修饰名词时,放在被修饰的名词之前,称 为前置定语,反之,称为后置定语。
常见句子结构形式有:
介词短语后置 In small and medium-sized companies, the safety manager and the safety representative often have other duties
besides their health and safety tasks.
形容词及形容词短语后置 The efforts
necessary to assure that sufficient emphasis is placed on system safety
are often organized into formal programs.
四、后置定语
常见句子结构形式有:
副词后置 The air
outside
pressed the side in.
分词后置 The results
obtained
must be checked.
定语从句后置 The safety manager’s role is to act as an expert
who is aware of the health and safety legislation and other obligations concerning the company.
五、长句
科技论文中经常为了表达一个复杂的概念而使用 长句。
One comprehensive definition for an organizational culture has been presented by Schein who has said that organizational culture is “a pattern of basic assumptions— invented, discovered, or developed by a given group as it learns to cope with its problems of external adaptation and internal integration—that has worked well enough to be considered valid and, therefore, to be taught to new members as the correct way to perceive, think, and feel in relation to those problem”.
Unit 1 safety management system
Words and Phrase
Accident causation models
事故 致因理论
Safety management
安全管理
Physical conditions
物质条件
Machine guarding
机械保护装 置
House-keeping
工作场所管理
Top management
高层管理人 员
Human errors
人因失误
Accident-proneness models
事故 倾向模型
Munitions factory
军工厂
Mutual trust
相互信任
Safety officer
安全官员
Safety committee
安全委员会
Shop-floor
生产区
Unionized company
集团公司
Seniority
资历、工龄
Local culture
当地文化
Absenteeism rate
缺勤率
Power relations
权力关系
Status review
状态审查
Lower-level management
低层管 理者
Unit 1 safety management system
Words and Phrase
Loss prevention
损失预防
Process industry
制造工业
Hazard control
危险控制
Intensive study
广泛研究
Organizational performance
企业绩效
Causal factors
起因
Risking taking
冒险行为
Corporate cultur
企业文化
Business performance
组织绩效
Most senior executive
高级主管
Supervisory level
监督层
Safety principl
安全规则
Wall-board
公告栏
Implement plan
执行计划
Hazard identification
危险辨识
Safety performance
安全性能
重要句子翻译
译文
1
:
One comprehensive definition for an organizational culture has been presented by Schein who has said the organizational culture is “a pattern of basic assumptions – invented, discovered, or developed by a given group as it learns to cope with its problems of external adaptation and internal integration – that has worked well enough to be considered valid and, therefore, to be taught to new members as the correct way to perceive, think, and feel in relation to those problems”
译文
2
:
The safety culture of an organization is the product of individual and group values, attitudes, perceptions, competencies, and patterns of behavior that determine the commitment to, and the style and proficiency of , an organization’s health and safety management.
答案:译文1:Schein给出了组织文化的广泛定义,他认为组织文化是由若干基 本假设组成的一种模式,这些假设是由某个特定团体在处理外部适应问题与内部 整合问题的过程中发明、发现或完善的。由于以这种模式工作的有效性得到了认 可,因此将它作为一种正确的方法传授给新成员,让他们以此来认识、思考和解 决问题[指适应外部与整合内部的过程中的问题。 译文2:组织的安全文化由以下几项内容组成:个人和群体的价值观、态度、观 念、能力和行为方式。这种行为方式决定了个人或团体对组织健康安全管理的责 任,以及组织健康安全管理的形式和熟练程度。
Unit 2 System Safety Engineering
Words and Phrase
System safety engineering
系统安全工程
By-product
附带产生的结果
Engineering practice
工程实践
Safety problem
安全问题
Accelerating technology
快速发展的技术
Safety effort System’s life cycle
安全投入 系统的生命周期
System effectiveness
系统有效性
Logical reasoning
逻辑推理
Potential accident
潜在事故
Accident cause Logical programming System hazard
系统危害
Safety input
安全投入 合理的规划
Inherently safe system
事故原因 本质安全系统
Maintenance plans Safety problems Development phase Operation phase Performance reviews Disposal phase
处理阶段 绩效评估
Intuitive process
运行阶段 直觉过程
Make decisions
发展阶段 做决定
Hazard control
危险控制
Protective apparel
安全问题 防护服
Engineering solutions
手段 维护计划 工程方法
/ Protective devices Warning devices Schedule delays
保护装置 报警装置 进度拖延
Unit 2 System Safety Engineering
Words and Phrase
Concept phase
段 初步计划阶
Safety criteria
安全标准
Government regulations
政府管制
System operation
系统运行
System analysis
系统分析
System design Aid in
有助于 系统设计
Equipment specifications
设备说明
Incorrect interpretation
解
Hazardous material
危险物质
Work area layout
工业区布局
Educational solutions
手段 教育方法
/ Training sessions
培训会议
Safety promotion programs
全促进项目 安
Administrative solutions
政方法
/
手段 误 行
重要句子翻译
译文
1
:
Hazard analysis is not an intuitive process. For an analysis to be meaningful, it must be logical, accurate, descriptive of the system, and based on valid assumptions. Its success largely depends on the skill and knowledge of those conducting the analysis. Anyone who has a thorough, working knowledge of both the system under consideration and the analysis technique to be used may perform a hazard analysis. In practice, the efforts of several persons with varying backgrounds are usually required to assure that meaningful and comprehensive hazard information is obtained.
译文
2
:
System safety engineering is a relatively new approach to accident prevention. Its concepts and techniques have evolved from efforts to improve the safety of the complex technical systems that are common in today’s society. It is based on the ideas that accidents result from a number of interacting causes within a system, and that each cause and interaction can be logically identified, evaluated, and controlled. Through the logical application of scientific and management principles over the life cycle of a system, system safety engineering attempts to achieve an optimum degree of safety.
重要句子翻译
译文
1
:危险分析过程不是凭直觉就能完成的。对于一个有意义的分析, 必须在有效的假设基础上对系统进行合理的、准确的描述。它的成功 主要取决于进行分析的人所具有的技能与知识。只要对被研究的系统 和用于分析的技术有全面的了解,任何人都可以进行危险分析。在实 践过程中,要想获得全面而有价值的危险信息,必须要一些具有不同 知识背景的人共同努力才行。 译文
2
:安全系统工程是一个相对较新的预防事故的方法。它的概念和 相关技术是在人们提高当今普遍存在的复杂技术系统安全性的各种努 力过程中逐渐发展而来的。它基于这样一个思想,即所有的事故都是 系统内大量相互作用的原因造成的,理论上,各种原因及相互作用都 能被识别、评估,并得到控制。通过在系统的生命周期内合理的应用 科学的管理原则,系统安全工程就有望获得最佳的安全程度。
Unit 3 The ergonomics Process
Words and Phrase
ergonomics process
人机工程过程
MSDs
(
are injuries and illnesses of the safe tissue and nervous system that affect your body’s: Muscles, Nerves, Tendons(
经 脉
), Ligaments(
韧带
), Joints
)由肌肉组 织或神经系统引起的伤害或疾病
Upper echelons
上层、高层
hourly employee
钟点工
Job sites
工地
Ergonomics committee
会 人机工程委员
Medical management
医疗管理
Musculoskeletal stressors
肌肉骨骼紧张 性刺激
Ergonomics input Management commitment Manufacturing engineers
人机工程投入 管理承诺
/
行为 制造业工程师
Plant manager
工厂经理
Process engineer
生产工程师
Human resource manager Safety manager Sub-committee
安全经理 分委员会 人力资源经理
Overseeing body
监督主体
low back disorder
腰部疾病
Active and passive surveillance
主动和被 动监督
Job stressors
工作压力源
Follow-up Ergonomics awareness Follows through
人机工程意识 实现,把
…
进行到底
Chain of command Hit list
后续工作 黑名单 指挥链
重要句子翻译
You must assess the outcome of the hazard identification process and determine if immediate action is necessary or if, in fact, there is an actual hazard involved. When you do not view a reported hazard as an actual hazard, it is critical to the ongoing process to inform the worker that you do not view it as a true hazard and explain why. This will insure the continued cooperation of workers in hazard identification.
你必须对危险辨识过程中得到的结果进行评估,并决定在实际危 险存在时是否需要立刻采取措施。当你不把一个已被报告的危险 当做一个实际存在的危险时,你必须在工作过程中告诉工人你没 把这个被报告的危险当做一个真正的危险,并解释原因。这将确 保工人们在危险识别过程中进行持续合作。
Unit 4 Hazard identification
Words and Phrase
Hazard identification
危险识别
Outcome
后果
Ongoing process
正在进行的过程
Place on
重视
Exposure limit
暴露极限
Ventilation system
通风系统
Budgetary constraint
预算约束
Jobsite safety inspection
工作场所安全检查
Accident investigation
事故调查
Labor management committee
劳动管理委 员会
Accident incidence
事故发生率
Severity rate
严重事故率
Industrial acciden
工业事故
Work procedur
工作
/
操作程序
Walk-round inspection
巡视
Overexertion
用力过度
Carpal tunnel syndrome
腕管综合 症
Extreme temperature
极限温度
Worker-oriente
以人为本的
Mitigate
减轻
/
缓和
Abatement
降低
/
消除
重要句子翻译:
This approach to hazard identification does not require that someone with special training conduct it. It can usually be accomplished by the use of a short fill-in-the-blank questionnaire. This hazard identification technique works well where management is open and genuinely concerned about the safety and health of its workforce. The most time-consuming portion of this process is analyzing the assessment and response regarding potential hazards identified. Empowering workers to identify hazards, make recommendations on abatement of the hazards, and then suggest how management can respond to these potential hazards is essential.
这种危险辨识的方法不需要经过特需训练的人来执行。通常经过一个简短的 问卷调查就能完成。在一些管理比较开放、真心关心工人安全和健康的地方, 这种危险辨识方法能起到很好的作用。这个过程中最耗时的部分就是对识别 的潜在的危险进行分析评估和反馈。赋予工人识别危险、对减小危险提出建 议并提出如何对这些潜在的危险进行管理的权利是必须的。
Unit 5 What is an OHSMS
Words and Phrase
OHSMS
职业健康安全管理体系
Legacy
遗产,留给后人的东西
In practice
在实践中
Allow for
考虑到
Regulatory system
监管体系
Review phase
审查阶段
Specific objective
特殊目标
Corrective action
纠正措施
Be central to
极为重要
Systematic approach
系统方法
Systemic linkage
体系联动
Inter-linked
相互链接
Feedback loop
反馈环
Specific program element
详细计划
Principal contractor
总承包商
Regulatory framework
规章制度
European Union Framework Directive
欧 盟框架指令
All-encompassing approach
象的方法 包罗万
Sparingly
少量的
Home grown
国产的
/
自己制定
Chamber of Commerce and Industry
工 商会
/
工商联
Framing
编制
/
制定
Emergency planning
应急计划
Planning and accountability
计划与职责
Managerialist and participative models
经理主导模式和参与模式
bureaucratic model Empirical test
经验实验 官僚模式
Unit 5 What is an OHSMS
Words and Phrase
Mandatory
强制的
Arise from
由。。。引起
Strategic objective
战略目标
Commercial pressure
商业压力
Hybrid method
混合方法
Market-based
基于市场的
Formalised prescription
正式的 法规
/
规定
Mandated principle
明文规定 的原则
Stem from
起源于,来自于
Mutually exclusive
相互排斥的
Quality levels Expand upon
详述
/
进一步阐述
Level of achievement
成就水平
Performance level
质量标准 执行标准
Graduating up
逐渐变化
At the behest o
在。。。命令
/
要求 下
Set out
阐述、陈列
Top down
由上而下
Trace to
追溯到
重要句子翻译
译文
1
:
Conversely, an alternative participative model of “management systems” can be traced to socio-technical systems theory, which emphasises organisational interventions based on analysis of the inter-relationships of technology, environment, the orientation of participants, and organisational structure.
译文
2
:
So far, we have shown that OHSMS can vary upon a number of dimensions relating to method of implementation, system characteristics, and degree of implementation. Such variance is important because it affects evaluation and measurement of OHSMS performance. Measures appropriate for one dimension of a system will be irrelevant to another. Evaluation of OHSMS effectiveness may need to take account of what systems are expected to do. Are they to meet complex system or simple design standards? Are they implemented at the behest of management or external OHS authorities? Are objectives the simple ones such as reducing direct lost-time injuries or do they include satisfying multiple stakeholders? Are they at an early or established stage of development; and which of several different configurations of control strategy and management structure/style is adopted?
重要句子翻译
译文1:相反,一个可选择来使用的“管理系统”模型可以追溯到社会-技术 系统理论,该理论强调组织干预,这种组织干预是建立在对技术、环境、参 与者的定位及组织结构之间的相互关系进行分析的基础上的。 译文2:到目前为止,我们已经表明OHSMS能呈现多样性的特征,这些特征 与执行方法、系统特征和执行程度相关。这种多样性的变化非常重要,因为 它对OHSMS性能的评价和测量有影响。对一个体系的某种特征适合的方法可 能对另一个特征不合适。OHSMS有效性的评价需要考虑到底期望这个体系来 干什么?它们满足复杂的体系呢还是只是一个简单的设计标准?它们是不是 在管理者或者外界OHS权威人士的要求下被执行的?它们的目标是这种简单 的(比如减少直接的时间损失伤害)还是使多数风险金管理机构满意?它们 是在处于形成的早期还是在建立时期?采取哪一种不同控制策略的形态和管 理结构/形式?
Unit 6 Industrial Hygiene
Words and Phrase
Industrial hygiene
工业卫生
Physical hazards
物理危害、物质危害
Nonionizing radiation
非电离辐射
Adverse effects
副作用、坏的影响
Loud noise
嘈杂的声音
Chemical bum
化学烧伤
Live electrical circuits
带电电路
Confined space Hearing loss
听力丧失 密闭空间
Physical or mental disturbance
或精神障碍 身体
Annoyance Grinder Potable water
烦恼 砂轮机 饮用水
Threshold of pain Jet engine
痛觉阈 喷气式发动机
Time-weighted average
权平均 时间加
Snap
捻手指的声音
Heat stress
热威胁、热应力
Extremity
四肢
Shivering
颤抖
Hard labor
辛苦工作
Fatigued
疲乏的
Living tissue Plastic sealer
塑料密封机
Biological Hazards
生物危害
Mold
活组织 霉菌
Unit 6 Industrial Hygiene
Words and Phrase
Sound level meter On a daily basis
噪声计 每天
Hazard Communications Standard
危害通识规定
Stipulation Trade name
规定、条款 商标名
Hydrogen cyanide Chemical asphyxiant
氰化氢 化学窒息物质
Central nervous system
经系统 中枢神
Power tools
电动工具
Sewage
污水
Physical contact
身体接触
Allergic reaction
过敏反应
Insect scale
介壳虫
Severe pain
剧烈的疼痛
Manual handling
手工处理
Disk injuries
椎间盘伤害
Airborne
空中的
Narrow band noise
窄带噪声
Impulse
脉冲
重要句子翻译
译文
1
:
Industrial hygiene has been defined as “that science or art devoted to the anticipation, recognition, evaluation, and control of those environmental factors or stresses, arising in or from the workplace, which may cause sickness, impaired health and well-being, or significant discomfort and inefficiency among workers or among the citizens of the community”.
译文
2
:
Noise is a serious hazard when it results in temporary or permanent hearing loss, physical or mental disturbance, any interference with voice communications, or the disruption of a job, rest, relaxation, or sleep. Noise is any undesired sound and is usually a sound that bears no information with varying intensity. It interferes with the perception of wanted sound, and is likely to be harmful, cause annoyance, and/or interfere with speech.
重要句子翻译
译文
1
:工业卫生被定义为:“致力于预测、识别、评估和 控制环境因素或压力的科学与技术,这些压力产生或来自于 工作场所,能够造成疾病、损害人们的幸福安康、或使工人 或社区居民的工作效率不高,并使他们感觉到很不舒服”。 译文
2
:当噪音导致暂时或永久的听力丧失,使身体或精神 发生紊乱,对语言交流产生干扰,或对工作、休息、放松、 睡觉产生干扰时,它是一种非常严重的危害。噪音是任何不 被期望的声音,它通常是一种强度变化但不包括任何信息的 声音。它干扰人们对正常声音的辨别,可能是有害的,能使 人烦恼,并(或)干扰人们说话。
Unit 9 Accident Investigation
Words and Phrase
Accident Investigation
故调查 事
After-the-fact
事实背后的
Take an investigation
进行调查
Fact-finding process
过程 寻找事实的
Insurance carrier
保险公司
/
承 保人
Place blame
推卸责任
Permanent total disability
久全部劳动力丧失
For simplicity
永 为简单起见
Counter-measure
干预措施
Accident prevention
事故预防
Investigative procedures
调查过 程
Fact finding
寻找事实
Operating procedures flow diagrams
操作过程流程图
Maintenance chart
维修图表
Bound notebook
活页笔记本
Physical or chemical law
理或化学定律 物
Table of contents Narrative
叙事的 目录
重要句子翻译
译文:
Investigator collects evidence from many sources during an investigation, gets information from witnesses and observation as well as by reports, interviews witnesses as soon as possible after an accident, inspects the accident site before any changes occur, takes photographs and makes sketches of accident scene, records all pertinent data on maps, and gets copies of all reports. Documents containing normal operating procedures flow diagrams, maintenance charts or reports of difficulties or abnormalities are particularly useful. Keep complete and accurate notes in a bound notebook. Record pre-accident conditions, the accident sequence and post-accident conditions. In addition, document the location of victims, witnesses, machinery, energy sources, and hazardous materials.
重要句子翻译
译文:调查人员在调查过程中从各方面收集证据,从证人、 旁观者及一些相关报道中得到信息,在事故发生后尽快的找 目击证人谈话,在事故现场遭到改变前进行检查,对事故场 景进行拍照并绘制草图,记录与地形相关的所有数据,并将 所有的报道复印保存。记录常规的操作流程图、维修图表或 对困难、异常现象的报告等非常有用。在活页笔记本中完整 准确的记录。记录事故发生前的环境、事故顺序及事故发生 后的环境情况等。另外,记录伤者、证人、机械、能量来源 和危害物质的位置。
Unit 10 Safety Electricity
Words and Phrase
Safety electricity Electrical equipment Fuse puller
电力设备 保险丝夹
Break contact Hot side
高压端 安全用电 断开接点
/
触电
Load side
负荷端
Line side
线路
/
火线端
Groundfault circuit interrupt
漏电保护 器
Ground fault
接地故障
Receptacle
电源插座
Hot bubs
热水澡桶
Underwater lighting Fountains
水底照明 人工喷泉
Ungrounded (hot)conductor
未接地
(
高压
)
导体
/
火线
Neutral conductor
中性导体
Fault current
故障电流
Load center
载荷中心
Panelboard
配电板
Branch-circuit CB
一种多功能插座 分支电路
Plug-in
插入式
重要句子翻译
Lockout/tagout kits are also available. A lockout/tagout kit contains items required to comply with the OSHA lockout/tagout standards. Lockout/tagout kits contain reusable danger tags, tag ties, multiple lockouts, locks, magnetic signs, and information on lockout/tagout procedures. Be sure the source of electricity remains open or disconnected when returning to work whenever leaving a job for any reason or whenever the job cannot be completed the same day.
上锁
/
挂牌成套设备也是可用的。上锁
/
挂牌套件中包含有必须满足
OSHA
上锁
/
挂牌标准的组件。上锁
/
挂牌套件中包含有可重复使用的危 险标签、临时悬挂标志、各种闭锁、锁、磁性标志、及与上锁 作的时候都要确保电源保持断开或非连接状态。
/
挂牌相 关的信息。无论什么原因停下工作或当天不能完成工作时,在返回工
Unit 11 Machinery equipment safety
Words and Phrase
Machinery Equipment Safety
机械设备 安全
Presses
冲床
Lifting plant Scald
烫伤 起吊设备
Fragmentation Temporary staff
破碎
/
爆炸 临时人员
Dumper truck
翻斗车
Power presses
压力机
Lift truck
升降式装卸车
Elevating work platform CE marked
升降台
CE
认证标志
Subcontractor
中间商
/
转包商
Interlocked guard
联锁保护装置
Jig
模具
Push stick
推杆
Competent person
作的人 能胜任安全工
Enter a contract
签订合同
Power pressure
冲床
Gearbox
变速箱
Chock
用垫木垫阻
Hot work
高温作业
Cutting/welding torch
焊喷灯 切割火炬
/
气
Retract
缩回
/
缩进 排式钻机
/
摇
Gang or radial drills
臂钻床
Lathes
车床
Turret
转台
Flying chips
飞屑
Coolant
冷却剂
Chuck wrench
卡盘扳手
Milling machine
磨削机
Unit 12 Accident analysis in construction
Words and Phrase
Construction work
建筑工程
Ill-health
不健康
Set out Roof work
陈述
/
阐明 屋顶工作
Erection Safety hazard
安装
/
架设 安全隐患
Monetary incentive Regulatory agency Guard rail
防护围栏 管理机构
Working platform
金钱鼓励 工作平台
Rooflight sheet
采光屋面板
Close-boarded
鱼鳞板
Rough terrain
不平地形
Undulating ground roofer
起伏地 盖屋顶的人
Asbestos cement
石棉水泥
Excavation
挖掘
Groundwork
基础工作
Spoil heap
废物堆
Fenced off
用栏栅隔开
Natural ventilation
自然通风
Dense concrete
密实混凝土
重要句子翻译
Many construction workers are killed or seriously injured during lifting operations because of accidents such as: cranes overturning, material falling from hoists and gin wheels collapsing. Many more suffer long term injury because they regularly lift or carry items which are heavy or awkward to handle, foe example: lifting dense concrete blocks, paviours laying slabs and labourers lifting and carrying bagged products, such as cement and aggregates.
很多建筑工人在起重操作过程中由于一些事(故如起重机翻倒、物体从 吊重机上坠落、三脚起重机的轮子垮塌等)而丧命或严重受伤。更多的 工人会因为经常举起或搬运一些笨重的物体(如:搬运密实混泥土砖、 铺设工人铺建混泥土路面、工人举起或搬运一些袋装东西如水泥、块状 物等)的时候而遭受长期的伤痛。
Unit 14 Hazardous chemical and its identification
Words and Phrase
Hazardous chemical
学品 危险化
Physical hazard
物质危害
Respiratory tract
呼吸道
Digestive tract Needle stick
针刺
Sensitizer
消化道 致癌物质
Hepatotoxins
肝脏毒素
Nephrotoxins
肾毒素
Neurotoxins
神经毒素
Mucous membrane
粘膜
Safety hazard
安全隐患
Domino effect
多米诺效应
Major hazard
重大危险
Tighter control
加紧控制
Storage and terminal
运油库码头 港口转
Unit 15 Fire and Explosions
Words and Phrase
Firefighter Fire ground
火场
Fire protection
消防
Searing heat
消防队员 灼热
Physical explosion
物理爆炸
Chemical explosion
化学爆炸
Propane cylinder
丙烷钢瓶
Natural gas explosion
天然气爆炸
Gas main
煤气总管
Oil burner
燃油炉
Gas tank
气罐
Structure fire
建筑火灾
Shock wave
冲击波
Peak pressure
峰值压力
Ground shock wave Gas meter
煤气表
Control handle
控制柄
Rubble
瓦砾堆
Paint store
油漆店
Hardware store
五金店
Fire suppression system
灭火系统
Truss construction
桁架结构
Manhole cover
沙井盖
Popping off
突然离去
Bumper
缓冲器
Squad
抢险队
Mitigation tactics
损失减轻策略
Ground zero
地表振动波 爆心投影点