Housekeeping  Remember to Mute All Room Microphone.

 Place all Cell Phones on Vibrate/Silent  Remember to Sign-In on the Attendance Roster

New York State Department of Environmental Conservation NYS DEC Health & Safety Unit This training material presents important information for NYS DEC employees. This program is neither a determination that the conditions and practices of your organization are safe nor a warranty that reliance upon this program will prevent injuries or illnesses.

Bloodborne Pathogens Bloodborne Pathogens are microorganisms viruses) transmitted through blood, or other potentially infectious material such as certain bodily fluids breast milk, etc.) (such as (semen, or tissues.

Bloodborne Pathogens Law OSHA 29 CFR 1910.1030

 Exposure Control Plan (ECP)  Engineering and work practice controls  Personal protective equipment (PPE)  Training

Bloodborne Pathogens Law (cont.)  Medical screening/ surveillance  Free hepatitis B vaccination  Signs and labels  Recordkeeping

Primary Workplace Bloodborne Pathogens  Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)   Hepatitis B virus (HBV) Hepatitis C virus (HCV)

How Bloodborne Pathogens Can Spread on the Job  Contaminated sharp objects or needles  Broken skin, including rashes  Mucous membranes  Eyes   Mouth Nose

Recognize and Evaluate Your Exposure Potential

HIV

Four modes of transmission:

1. blood 2. semen 3. vaginal secretions 4. breast milk

Virus lives outside the body only a few hours

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)     HIV attacks your body’s ability to protect itself against disease Initially no visible signs of having the virus Most people with HIV develop AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome) There is

no

HIV vaccination for

Signs and Symptoms of HIV Symptoms can include : •

Fever

•

Swollen glands

•

Sore throat

•

Rash

•

Fatigue

•

Muscle and joint aches and pains

•

Headache

Hepatitis B      A viral infection that causes inflammation of the liver Transmitted primarily through “blood to blood” contact.

Can lead to serious conditions such as cirrhosis and liver cancer.

Pathogen can survive in dried blood for up to seven days.

There is no “cure” for HBV.

Signs and Symptoms Hepatitis B      Fatigue, malaise, joint aches and low grade fever Nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite Abdominal pain Jaundice and dark urine Headaches

Hepatitis B Statistics “…1 in 300 infected with HIV” Milwaukee Journal/Sentinel, July 7, 1996 “one in 20 people has or has had Hepatitis ”

Hepatitis B Vaccination        Free to High-Risk Employees Three doses over 6 months Must receive all three doses May decline vaccine (but must sign waiver) May receive vaccine later Very low risk vaccine >90% effective

Hepatitis C      Liver disease caused by the Hepatitis C virus.

The most chronic bloodborne infection.

In most cases, Hep C remains in the body and becomes a long-term or chronic infection. Most people do not have any symptoms.

Symptoms may not appear for many years.

Signs and Symptoms Hepatitis C          Fever Fatigue Loss of appetite Nausea Vomiting Abdominal pain Dark urine Joint pain Jaundice

Hepatitis C   

3-4 million carriers

Disease can incubate for decades HCV not related to the viruses that cause HBA and HBV

How to Reduce Your Risk

UNIVERSAL PRECAUTIONS/ STANDARD PRECAUTIONS

Engineering Controls Sharps with Engineered Sharps Injury Protection (SESIP)– a non-needle sharp or needle with a built-in safety feature or mechanism that effectively reduces the risk of an exposure incident.

Examples include:

Engineering Controls Needles and other sharps must be discarded in rigid, leak-proof, puncture resistance containers.

Work Practice Controls Don’t Recap Needles

Work Practice Controls   When emptying trash containers, do not use your hands to compress the trash in the bag.

Lift and carry the trash bag away from your body.

Work Practice Controls Do not eat, drink, smoke, apply cosmetics, or handle contact lenses in areas where there is the possibility of exposure to BBP

Use Spill Kit for Clean-up         Kit Includes:

Face Mask

Gloves

Goggles

Sharps Disposal Container

Absorbent Powder

Fluid Control Solidifier

Personal Protective Equipment Cleaning Pads

Personal Protective Equipment     Gloves Masks Eye protection CPR micro shields

Hand Washing    Wash hands immediately after removing PPE Use a soft antibacterial soap A hand sanitizer can be used but wash with soap and water as soon as possible.

First-aid Kits (Mandatory ) Chainsaw Operators        Gauze pads (4X4) Two large gauze pads (8X10) Box of band-aids One package gauze roller bandage Two triangular bandages Sealed moistened towelettes Scissors         At least one blanket Tweezers Adhesive tape Latex or Vinyl gloves Resuscitation equipment Two elastic wraps Splint Directions for requesting emergency assistance

Unregulated Waste Labeling Labels not typically required but a good idea

Regulated Waste  Liquid or semi-liquid blood or OPIM  Contaminated items that would release blood or OPIM in a liquid or semi-liquid state if compressed  Items caked with dried blood or OPIM that are capable of releasing these materials during handling  Contaminated sharps  Pathological and microbiological wastes containing blood or OPIM

Label All Regulated Waste Containers  Labels communicate a hazard  Place regulated waste in containers that have the universal biohazard symbol  The term “Biohazard” must be on the label Image Credit: OSHA

Body Fluid Cleanup Procedures  Get Spill Kit from Janitorial Closet  Put on gloves.

Body Fluid Cleanup Procedures If splashing is anticipated, wear protective eyewear and mask

Body Fluid Cleanup Procedures  Remove visible material with absorbent towels

Body Fluid Cleanup Procedures   Area should be decontaminated for 10 minutes Once the area has been disinfected, dry area with absorbent towels and dispose of towels in regular trash

Body Fluid Cleanup Procedures Glove removal and disposal technique

  Glove Removal and Disposal Grip one glove near the cuff and peel it down until it comes off inside out. Cup it in the palm of your gloved hand.

Place two fingers of your bare hand inside the cuff of the remaining glove.

Glove Removal and Disposal  Peel that glove down so that it also comes off inside out and over the first glove.

 Properly dispose of the gloves.

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Body Fluid Cleanup Procedures Wash hands well.

EHSRM (v. 10/01)

Proper Disposal of Contaminated Items 41

Emergency Actions Following Exposure  Wash with soap and water or disinfectant  If water not available, use antiseptic towelette  Seek Medical Attention Immediately  Notify supervisor  Post Exposure Evaluation

Accident/Injury Report    Complete report as soon as possible after incident Turn in to your supervisor Call ARS 1 (888) 800-0029 43

Post-Exposure Evaluation  Confidential medical evaluation  Document route of exposure  Identify source individual  Test source person’s blood   Post exposure prophylaxis (PEP) Provide results to source and exposed employees

Record Keeping 

Maintain duration of the employment



PLUS 30 years



Records must be kept CONFIDENTIAL!



Records are available to the employee and the employees designated representative



Record all needlesticks and sharps injuries as an injury on SH 900 log

Bloodborne Pathogen Quiz 1. HIV, HBV, and HCV can be transmitted when infected bodily fluids directly contact the eyes or nonintact skin.

present in the bodily fluid.

True or False 2. The risk of exposure to bloodborne pathogens is only possible when blood is True or False 46

Bloodborne Pathogen Quiz 3 . Treating all blood/body fluids as infected is 4. HIV stays alive in dried blood. True or False 5. Name three of the most common bloodborne

Hepatitis B

47

For Additional Assistance, Contact the Health & Safety Unit Staff Michelle Glover-Brown, MPH - Director, H&S Unit Nanette Geary, BA – Associate Industrial Hygienist Edward Kusckar, MS – Associate Industrial Hygienist Mary Lanzi, BS – Senior Industrial Hygienist Email: [email protected]

Phone: (518) 402-9381

Bloodborne Diseases Any Questions?