Analogies

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SYNONYMS ANTONYMS OBJECT/ACTION SOURCE/PRODUCT

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PART/WHOLE

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ANIMAL/HABITAT

Analogies An analogy compares two pairs of words that are related in the same way.

shovel : dig :: pencil : write

This is an analogy because shovel and dig go together in the same way that pencil and write go together.

HOW TO READ THIS ANALOGY “Shovel is to dig as pencil is to write.” or “Shovel goes with dig like pencil goes with write.”

Types of analogies

There are many types of analogies. Some of the types are: Synonyms, Source/Product Antonyms, Part/Whole Object/Action, Animal Habitat

NOTE: Possible solutions are provided for the exercises, but there are also other correct solutions to many of the analogies.

find : discover :: begin : start

Find and discover go together because they both mean the same thing. They are synonyms. Begin and start also go together because they are synonyms.

Complete this analogy.

Explain why your answer is correct.

right : correct :: under: _____

right : correct :: under: below

Solve these analogies by adding synonyms.

1. back : rear :: flat : _____ 2. courageous : brave :: sly : _____ 3. small : little :: quiet : _____ 4. narrow : thin :: wealthy : _____ 5. terrifying : frightening :: calm : _____

Solutions back : rear :: flat : level courageous : brave :: sly : sneaky small : little :: quiet : silent narrow : thin :: wealthy : rich terrifying : frightening :: calm : peaceful

serious : funny :: huge : tiny

Serious and funny go together because their meanings are opposite. They are antonyms. Huge and tiny also go together because they are antonyms.

Complete this analogy.

Explain why your answer is correct.

new : old :: narrow: _____

new : old :: narrow: wide

Solve these analogies by adding antonyms.

1. open : close :: up :_____ 2. correct : mistaken :: dangerous : _____ 3. graceful : clumsy :: gentle :_____ 4. fiction : non-fiction :: toxic : _____ 5. credit : debit :: positive : _____

Solutions open : close :: up : down correct : mistaken :: dangerous : safe graceful : clumsy :: gentle : harsh fiction : non-fiction :: toxic : non-toxic credit : debit :: positive : negative

scissors : cut :: eraser :erase

Scissors and cut go together because scissors is an object and cut is its action. Eraser and erase also go together because they are an object and its action.

Complete this analogy.

Explain why your answer is correct.

eye : see:: nose : _____

eye : see :: nose : smell

Solve these analogies by adding an action word.

1. ear : hear :: hand : _____ 2. rooster : crow :: lion : _____ 3. clock : tick :: bell : _____ 4. boat : float :: airplane : ____ 5. broom : sweep :: shovel : ____

Solutions 1. ear : hear :: hand : write 2. rooster : crow :: lion : roar 3. clock : tick :: bell : ring 4. boat : float :: airplane : fly 5. broom : sweep :: shovel : dig

well : water :: beach : sand

Well and water go together because a well is a source where water is found. Beach and sand go together in the same way because a beach is a source where sand is found.

Complete this analogy.

Explain why your answer is correct.

tree : lumber :: quarry : ____

tree : lumber :: quarry : stone

Solve these analogies by adding a product from each of the sources listed.

1. field : corn :: pond : ____ 2. mine : diamonds :: oyster shells : ____ 3. sheep : wool :: silkworm : ____ 4. palm tree : coconuts :: maple tree : ____ 5. paddy : rice :: bog : ____

Solutions 1. field : corn :: pond : fish 2. mine : diamonds :: oyster shells : pearls 3. sheep : wool :: silkworm : silk 4. palm tree : coconuts :: maple tree : syrup 5. paddy : rice :: bog : cranberries

toe : foot :: finger : hand

Toe and foot go together because a toe is part of a foot. Finger and hand also go together because a finger is part of a hand.

Complete this analogy.

Explain why your answer is correct.

room : house :: chapter: ____

room : house :: chapter: book

Solve these analogies by adding a whole that goes with the part.

1. steering wheel : automobile :: wing : ____ 2. branch : tree :: boxcar : ____ 3. kernel : corn :: grain : ____ 4. leg : chair :: handle : ____ 5. word : sentence :: letter : ____

Solutions

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steering wheel : automobile :: wing : airplane 2. branch : tree :: boxcar : train 3. kernel : corn :: grain : wheat 4. leg : chair :: handle : cup 5. word : sentence :: letter : word

spider : web :: bird : nest

Spider and web go together because a spider is an animal and a web is its habitat. Bird and nest also go together because a bird is an animal and a nest is its habitat.

Complete this analogy.

Explain why your answer is correct.

bat : cave :: bear : ____

bat : cave :: bear : den

Solve these analogies by adding a habitat.

1. ant : hill :: bee : ____ 2. cattle : barn :: chicken : ____ 3. pig : sty :: horse : ____ 4. giraffe : grasslands :: polar bear : ____ 5. toucan : rain forest :: bald eagle : ____

Solutions

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ant : hill :: bee : hive 2. cattle : barn :: chicken : coop 3. pig : sty :: horse : stable 4. giraffe : grasslands :: polar bear : tundra 5. toucan : rain forest :: bald eagle : temperate forest

Sort these pairs of words into the three categories below.

Synonyms Antonyms Object/Action

sun : shine clock : tick laugh : cry pen : write give : receive right : correct transparent : opaque divide : multiply ambulance : rescue liquid : fluid shout : scream

Synonyms

right : correct liquid : fluid shout : scream

Solution Antonyms

laugh : cry give : receive transparent : opaque divide : multiply

Object/Action

sun : shine clock : tick pen : write ambulance : rescue

Sort these pairs of words into the three categories below.

Source/Product Part/Whole Animal/Habitat

dime : dollar bead : necklace eagle : forest tree : walnuts stream : gold nuggets horse : stable whale : ocean key : piano toe : foot bees : honey student : class

Solution Source/Product Part/Whole

tree : walnuts stream : gold nuggets bees : honey dime : dollar bead : necklace key : piano toe : foot student : class

Animal/Habitat

eagle : forest horse : stable whale : ocean

Solve these analogies. Then, tell which type of analogy each one is: synonym, antonym, or object/action.

1. hand : touch :: eye : ____ 2. car : automobile :: ship : ____ 3. work : labor :: incinerate : ____ 4. failure : success :: mistaken : ____ 5. world : earth :: teacher : ____

Solutions hand : touch :: eye : see OBJECT/ACTION car : automobile :: ship : boat SYNONYMS work : labor :: incinerate : burn SYNONYMS failure : success :: mistaken : correct ANYONYMS world : earth :: teacher : instructor SYNONYMS

Solve these analogies

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Then tell which type of analogy each one is: source/product, part/whole, or animal/habitat.

1. garden : tomatoes :: ocean : ____ 2. blade : ice skate :: wheel : ____ 3. button : shirt :: latch : ____ 4. Camel : desert :: crocodile : ____ 5.

McDonald’s : hamburger :: Chick-fil-A : ____

Solutions 1. garden : tomatoes :: ocean : tuna SOURCE/PRODUCT 2. blade : ice skate :: wheel : skateboard PART/WHOLE 3. button : shirt :: latch : door PART/WHOLE 4. Camel : desert :: crocodile : swamp ANIMAL/HABITAT 5. McDonald’s : hamburger :: Chick-fil-A : nuggets SOURCE/PRODUCT

Review Questions

1. What is an analogy?

2. Name six types of analogies.

3. Give an example of each type.