Transcript Chapter 30 Review

Chapter 30 Review
Galaxies and the Universe
What characteristic of radio waves
makes them useful for determining the
shape of a galaxy?
1.
2.
3.
4.
their long wavelength
their high frequency
their easy visibility
their variable energy
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What method allows
astronomers to locate the
structures circled in the
diagram?
1. recording radio waves
2. observing RR Lyrae
variables
3. measuring infrared
radiation
4. observing hydrogen
emission spectra
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Which of the following is a
characteristics of a Population II star?
1. trace amounts of heavy
elements
2. age of less than 10 billion
years
3. located in disk arms
4. found in spiral galaxies
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The Milky Way and the
Andromeda are both________.
1.
2.
3.
4.
stars
galaxies
nebulae
quasars
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A scientist who discovered
a galaxy could use the
following diagram to
classify the galaxy
according to its
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2.
3.
4.
shape
age
color
size
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Which ratio best expresses the
mass of the Sun compared to
the mass of the Milky Way?
1.
2.
3.
4.
1: 100 billion
1: 100 million
1: 100 trillion
1: 100 thousand
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Which line on the graph
shows the relationship
between the size and
brightness of a variable star?
1.
2.
3.
4.
A
B
C
D
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The pulsation period of four
variable stars is indicated
on the diagram. Which of
the stars in a Cepheid
Variable?
1.
2.
3.
4.
A
B
C
D
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Which sentence best summarizes
Hubble’s Law?
1. The greater the distance to a
galaxy, the greater its velocity.
2. The greater the distance to a
galaxy, the brighter its halo.
3. The greater the distance to a
galaxy, the greater its age.
4. The greater the distance to a
galaxy, the greater its mass.
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Other galaxies were first
believed to be ____.
1. nebulae or star clusters
within the Milky Way
2. quasars outside the
Milky Way
3. constellations within the
Milky Way
4. the Andromeda galaxy
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Elliptical galaxies are divided
into subclasses based on ____.
1. their elongated shapes
2. the length of their
diameters
3. the ratio of their major
and minor axes
4. the length of their spiral
arms
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Cosmic background radiation has a
wavelength of approximately 1 mm,
which makes it ____.
1. gamma ray
radiation
2. microwave
radiation
3. X-ray radiation
4. infrared radiation
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If the average density is higher
than the critical density, the
universe is ____.
1.
2.
3.
4.
closed
open
flat
round
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Recent observations show that
the rate of expansion of the
universe is ____.
1. slowing down
2. stabilizing
3. constantly
changing
4. speeding up
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Study of the universe
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
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7.
8.
inflationary universe
cosmology
Big Bang theory
cosmic background radiation
steady-state theory
Hubble constant
active galactic nucleus
superclusters
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Core of a galaxy in which highly energetic
objects or activities are located
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
inflationary universe
cosmology
Big Bang theory
cosmic background radiation
steady-state theory
Hubble constant
active galactic nucleus
superclusters
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0%
0%
0%
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Gigantic formation of clusters of galaxies
hundreds of millions of light-years in size
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
inflationary universe
cosmology
Big Bang theory
cosmic background
radiation
steady-state theory
Hubble constant
active galactic
nucleus
superclusters
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A value of approximately 70 kilometers per
second per megaparsec
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2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
inflationary universe
cosmology
Big Bang theory
cosmic background
radiation
steady-state theory
Hubble constant
active galactic
nucleus
superclusters
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0%
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2
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States that the universe began as a point
and has been expanding ever since
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2.
3.
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5.
6.
7.
8.
inflationary universe
cosmology
Big Bang theory
cosmic background
radiation
steady-state theory
Hubble constant
active galactic
nucleus
superclusters
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2
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Proposes that the universe looks the same on large scales
to all observers and that it has always looked that way
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2.
3.
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5.
6.
7.
8.
inflationary universe
cosmology
Big Bang theory
cosmic background
radiation
steady-state theory
Hubble constant
active galactic
nucleus
superclusters
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2
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Persistent noise discovered in 1965 that is caused
by weak radiation from all directions in space
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2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
inflationary universe
cosmology
Big Bang theory
cosmic background
radiation
steady-state theory
Hubble constant
active galactic
nucleus
superclusters
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0%
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2
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0%
3
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5
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Model that says the universe began as a fluctuation in a
vacuum and expanded very rapidly for a fraction of a
second before settling into a more orderly expansion
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
inflationary universe
cosmology
Big Bang theory
cosmic background
radiation
steady-state theory
Hubble constant
active galactic nucleus
superclusters
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Normal spiral
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E7
Irr
a
c
SO
EO
S
SB
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Barred spiral
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E7
Irr
a
c
SO
EO
S
SB
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Tightly wound arm and large,
bright nucleus
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2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
E7
Irr
a
c
SO
EO
S
SB
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Loosely wound arms and a
small, dim nucleus
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2.
3.
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5.
6.
7.
8.
E7
Irr
a
c
SO
EO
S
SB
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0%
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2
0%
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0%
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5
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0%
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Flat disks that do not have spiral
arms
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
E7
Irr
a
c
SO
EO
S
SB
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0%
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2
0%
0%
0%
3
4
5
0%
0%
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Round elliptical
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
E7
Irr
a
c
SO
EO
S
SB
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0%
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2
0%
0%
0%
3
4
5
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Very elongated elliptical
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
E7
Irr
a
c
SO
EO
S
SB
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0%
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2
0%
0%
0%
3
4
5
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Irregular galaxy
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
E7
Irr
a
c
SO
EO
S
SB
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0%
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2
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3
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5
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Variable stars get brighter as they
get larger.
1. True
2. False
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The Sun is classified as a
Population II star.
1. True
2. False
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RR Lyrae and Cepheid are two
categories of variable stars.
1. True
2. False
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The Local Group is the galactic
group that includes the Milky
Way.
1. True
2. False
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The galaxy in the
diagram is categorized
as E0 based on its
shape.
1. True
2. False
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The Milky Way and
Andromeda are larger than
other galaxies in the Local
Group.
1. True
2. False
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Redshift is used as evidence
that the universe is contracting.
1. True
2. False
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The equation v = Hd shows the
relationship between the speed at which
a galaxy moves and its distance.
1. True
2. False
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The shaded area of the
circle graph represents the
percent of the universe
composed of dark matter.
1. True
2. False
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On a graph, Hubble’s law is
represented by a straight line.
1. True
2. False
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By measuring a star's period of
pulsation, astronomers can determine
its luminosity and calculate how far
away a variable star must be to appear
as dim or as bright as it does.
1. True
2. False
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Astronomers have determined the shape of
the Milky Way by using gamma waves
because they penetrate the interstellar gas
and dust without being scattered or absorbed.
1. True
2. False
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Edwin Hubble's discovery of RR Lyrae variable
stars in the Great Nebula in the Andromeda
constellation proved the existence of galaxies
outside the Milky Way.
1. True
2. False
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The halo and bulge of the
Milky Way are made of old
stars which suggests that the
halo and bulge formed first.
1. True
2. False
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A(n) SBc galaxy is a normal
spiral with loosely wound arms
and a small, dim nucleus.
1. True
2. False
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The farther away from Earth a
galaxy is, the slower it is
moving.
1. True
2. False
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There are 35 known members of the
Local Group, of which the Milky
Way and Andromeda galaxies are
the two largest.
1. True
2. False
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The redshift in many quasars is
very large, which means that
those quasars are far away.
1. True
2. False
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Most galaxies in the inner
region of a large cluster are
spirals.
1. True
2. False
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Studies provide evidence that there is
a great amount of unseen matter
called dark matter composed of dim
stellar remnants that have no mass.
1. True
2. False
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Edwin Hubble measured the redshifts
and distances of many galaxies and
found that the redshift of a galaxy
depends on its distance from Earth.
1. True
2. False
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Cosmic background radiation
provides information about
conditions now in the expansion of
the universe.
1. True
2. False
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A key goal of the Fermilab is to
gather data that would help to
pinpoint the value for H, the Hubble
constant.
1. True
2. False
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