One Common Thread : Bread More than sustenance!

One Common Thread : Bread More than sustenance!

Time-line of Bread

• • • • • • • • • • • 73000 BC Asia– Crushed grain mush 8000 BC Asia- Heated over fire 3000 BC Mesopotamia– First baking vessels 2000 BC Switzerland- First bread in Europe 1500 BC Egypt- First leavened bread (40 types) 1400 BC Egypt- Jews left; Matzo; Passover 800 BC Greece- Refined art of bread making 300 BC Rome- Baker’s guilds Mud ovens Water/wind mills for grinding 70 AD Rome- First published cookbook 100 AD Rome- First baking school 1000 AD England- Trenchers (first bread bowls)

Time-line of Bread

• • • • • • • • • • • • 1202 AD England- First laws regulating bread 1307 AD England- Rift between bakers of white bread and brown bread 1620 AD Atlantic ocean- Ships biscuits 1700 AD America- Batter breads 1760 AD England- Earl of Sandwich 1793 AD France- “Let them eat cake” 1800’s 1860’s England- Refined bread for aristocracy America- Quick breads 1928 AD America- Sliced bread 1930 AD America- First fortifying w/ nutrients 1940’s Russia- Bread of immeasurable value 1996 AD Jordan- Riots over price of bread

Bread Ingredients

• • • • In it’s purest form • Ground grain • Water • Salt Unleavened or leavened with yeast Wide array of grain flours • Wheat for gluten Herbs, fruits, onions, olives, seeds, etc.

Why is bread the “staff of life”?

• • • • • • • Inexpensive source of calories Excellent source of carbohydrates High in fiber (if whole grain) Protein • Gluten in wheat is a partially complete protein Excellent source of most B vitamins • plus some vitamin E and K Wide array of minerals • Fe, Ca, Mg, P, Cu, Mn, Se, Zn, Cr Low in fat

Current Dietary Guidelines

• • • • Make half of your grain intake whole grains 3 whole grains per day for a 2000 kcal diet Whole grains, as part of a healthy diet, may protect again chronic disease FDA has approved 3 whole grain health claims statements for use on labels

What kind of bread should I choose?

• • • • • Look for a WHOLE GRAIN BREAD “Whole grain” or “Whole wheat” as first ingredient Label that says 100% Whole Grain Don’t be fooled by “Wheat Bread”, “Stone Ground” or brown colored breads Enriched flours or breads have some nutrients replaced, but they do not contain everything that a whole grain bread does

Our Project:

Most cultures view bread as an critical part of life Actually synonymous with the word ‘life’ or a similar derivative in many languages An integral part of life in most cultures deserves further study . . . We are currently collecting recipes & information in 2 categories: 1) Everyday breads 2) Celebratory breads

Traditional & Celebratory Breads

What about rituals?

Consider based on the form of ritual: Family Celebrations--holidays Family Traditions--vacations, birthdays Patterned interactions--dinner, bedtime, etc Consider based on the purpose of ritual: Connection rituals--outings, vacations, etc Love rituals--birthday’s, Mother’s Day, etc Community rituals--weddings, religious Wolin & Bennett-- Doherty activities All are common in most cultures!

Traditional & Celebratory Breads Value of Rituals & Traditional Celebrations 1) Stability (predictable, links past & future) 2) Continuity & Security (life goes on) 3) Protective positive forces during trauma (I’ll be OK) ***something as common as bread can be an important part of traditions, rituals and celebrations

Results. . .

Responses vary greatly Common thread Those who respond have positive memories Let’s let some of them tell you!

Sample cultures:

Culture Egypt/Jewish Exodus Greece France Italy Holland England America Russia Hawaii Finland Middle East New Zealand Germany Daily Matzo Pita Bread Baguette Peasant Bread Oliebollen Malt Loaf Corn Bread Black Rye Hawaiian Sweet Bread Rye Bread Pita Bread Pakipaki Gingerbread Loaf (early monks) Holiday Challah Tsoureki (easter egg bread) Pastries Foccacia Pofferffes Crumpets Anadama Kulich (Russian Easter Bread) Aloha Bread Finnish Easter Bread Yemen Sponge Bread Foccacia Stollen

Classroom Applications

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Foods—this is a given and we’ll move on!

TLC Adult Roles and Financial Literacy Clothing/Fashion Strategies Entrepreneurship Teen Living Interior design Child development Hospitality Life management Consumer economics Child care

Handout contents:

Project letter & forms Recipes (thus far) Breadmaker adaptation when available Book list Web links