Transcript LOST COMMO PROCEDURES

TWO – WAY RADIO
FAILURE
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REFERENCES
• FAR 91.185
• Flight Information Handbook, Section A
• AIM, Section 6-4-1
• Individual Aircraft ATMs
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TASK 1032
Perform radio communications procedures
CONDITIONS: In a H-60 or OH-58 helicopter
STANDARDS:
d. Perform two-way radio failure procedures per the DOD
FLIP or host-nation regulations.
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TWO – WAY RADIO FAILURE
• VMC PROCEDURES
• IMC PROCEDURES
• QUESTIONS
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TWO – WAY RADIO FAILURE
Your safety and that of your crew
depends upon knowing and executing
the published two-way radio failure
procedures.
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TWO – WAY RADIO FAILURE
During two-way radio communications
failure, when confronted with a situation not
covered in the regulation, pilots are
expected to exercise good judgment in
whatever action they elect to take.
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TWO – WAY RADIO FAILURE
Should the situation so dictate they should
not be reluctant to use the emergency action
contained in FAR part 91.3(b).
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FAR PART 91.3(b).
Sec. 91.3 Responsibility and authority of the pilot in command.
a) The pilot in command of an aircraft is directly responsible
for, and is the final authority as to, the operation of that
aircraft.
b) In an in-flight emergency requiring immediate action, the
pilot in command may deviate from any rule of this part to
the extent required to meet that emergency.
c) Each pilot in command who deviates from a rule under
paragraph (b) of this section shall, upon the request of the
Administrator, send a written report of that deviation to the
Administrator.
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TRANSPONDER OPERATION:
If an aircraft with a coded radar beacon
transponder experiences a loss of two-way
radio capability, the pilot should adjust the
transponder to reply on mode 3/A, code 7600.
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TWO – WAY RADIO FAILURE
Pilots can expect ATC to attempt to
communicate by transmitting on guard
frequencies and available frequencies of
voice transmission capable NAVAIDS.
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TWO – WAY RADIO FAILURE
VMC
• If able to maintain flight in VMC, continue
flight under VFR, land as soon as practicable
and notify ATC.
It is not intended that the requirement to “land as
soon as practicable” be construed to mean “as soon
as possible.”
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TWO – WAY RADIO FAILURE
VMC
•
The pilot retains his prerogative of
exercising his best judgment and is not
required to land:
1) At an unauthorized airport
2) At an airport unsuitable for the type of aircraft flown
3) Only minutes short of his destination
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TWO – WAY RADIO FAILURE
VMC
• The primary objective of this provision is to
preclude extended IFR operations in the ATC
system in VMC.
• When operating “on top” and unable to
descend VMC prior to destination, the IMC
procedures apply.
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2 – WAY RADIO FAILURE
IMC
If VMC is not encountered, continue flight
according to the following:
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2 – WAY RADIO FAILURE
Route Priorities (4):
1. By the route assigned in the last ATC
clearance received.
2. If being radar vectored, by the direct route
from the point of radio failure to the fix,
route, or airway specified in the vector
clearance.
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2 – WAY RADIO FAILURE
Route Priorities (4) con’t:
3. In the absence of an assigned route, by the
route that ATC has advised may be expected
in a further clearance.
4. In the absence of an assigned route or a route
that ATC has advised may be expected in a
further clearance, by the route filed in the
flight plan.
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EXPECT FURTHER CLEARANCE (EFC)
Explanation of EFC:
• EFC time: (applies to holding).
– The time a pilot can expect to receive clearance beyond a clearance limit.
• EFC via: (applies to routing).
– EFC Via (Airways, Routes Or Fixes)
– Used to inform a pilot of the routing he can expect if any part of the
route beyond a short range clearance limit differs from that filed.
– Never accept a clearance limit that is both: short of the destination, and
off the flight plan route, unless the clearance includes an EFC via.
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2 – WAY RADIO FAILURE
Altitude Priorities (3):
•
For the route segment being flown, the highest of:
1) The altitude or flight level assigned in the last ATC
clearance received;
2) The minimum altitude for IFR operations; or
3) The altitude or flight level ATC has advised may be
expected in a further clearance.
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Intent of the altitude rule:
1. Select the appropriate altitude for the particular route
segment being flown.
2. Make the necessary altitude adjustments for subsequent
route segments.
3. If the pilot received an "expect further clearance"
containing a higher altitude to expect at a specified time
or fix, maintain the highest of the following altitudes until
that time/fix:
(1) the last assigned altitude, or
(2) the minimum altitude/flight level for IFR
operations.
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Intent of the rule:
• If the radio failure occurs after the time/fix
specified, the altitude to be expected is not
applicable ...
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WHAT IS MIN ALT FOR IFR OPS?
FAR 91.177:
1. On a published route:
– the MEA, or
– within 22 NM of the VOR, the MOCA.
2. On an unpublished route:
– 1,000 AHO within 4 NM in non-mountainous
terrain, or
– 2,000 AHO within 4 NM in mountainous terrain.
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LEAVE CLEARANCE LIMIT
• When clearance limit is a fix from which an
approach begins:
– commence descent or descent and approach as close as
possible to the EFC time if one has been received,
– or if one has not been received, as close as possible to
the ETA as calculated from the filed or amended (with
ATC) ETE.
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LEAVE CLEARANCE LIMIT
• If the clearance limit is not a fix from which an
approach begins:
– leave the clearance limit at the EFC time if one has been
received, or ...
– if none has been received, upon arrival over the clearance
limit, and proceed to a fix from which an approach begins and
commence descent or descent and approach as close as
possible to the ETA as calculated from the filed or amended
(with ATC) ETE.
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RADAR APPROACHES
• Initiate lost communications procedures if no
transmissions are received for approximately:
– one minute while being vectored to final
– 15 seconds while on ASR final
– five seconds while on PAR final.
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RADAR APPROACHES
• Attempt contact on:
–
–
–
–
a secondary frequency
the previously assigned frequency
the tower frequency, or
guard.
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RADAR APPROACHES
• If unable to re- establish communications and
unable to maintain VMC, proceed with a
published IAP or previously coordinated
instructions.
• Change transponder to appropriate code.
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RADAR APPROACHES
• Maintain the last assigned altitude or the minimum
safe/sector altitude (emergency safe altitude if
more than 25 NM out), whichever is higher, until
established on a segment of the published
approach.
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QUESTIONS?
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