Lesson 1-1 Slides Prehistoric Astronomy
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Transcript Lesson 1-1 Slides Prehistoric Astronomy
Prehistoric and Classic Astronomy
Warm Up Questions
CPS Questions (1-2)
Chapter 1, Lesson 1
Chapter Overview
Prehistoric and Classical Astronomy
Astronomy and the Renaissance
The Enlightenment and Modern
Astronomy
Chapter 1, Lesson 1
Lesson Overview
Celestial Sphere
Greek Earth-Centered Model
Ptolemy’s Model
Chapter 1, Lesson 1
Quick Write
What does Eratosthenes’ experience in
measuring the Earth tell you about what’s
needed for scientific discoveries?
(Note to teacher: Use “Pick a Student” button in CPS)
Chapter 1, Lesson 1
The Celestial Sphere
Celestial sphere refers
to an imaginary sphere
of heavenly objects that
seems to center on the
observer
North Celestial Pole
South Celestial Pole
Constellation
Courtesy of NOAO/AURA/ASF
Chapter 1, Lesson 1
The Celestial Sphere
It takes the Sun about 365.25
days to revolve around the
celestial sphere
The ecliptic is the name for
the Sun’s apparent path among
the stars around the Earth
The zodiac is the group of
constellations the Sun passes
through on its apparent path
along the ecliptic
Chapter 1, Lesson 1
The Moon’s Phases
The Moon does
orbit the Earth
Earth’s gravity
holds the Moon in
such a firm grip
that it always
keeps the same
face turned toward
the Earth
Chapter 1, Lesson 1
The Moon’s Phases
Chapter 1, Lesson 1
© J. Gatherum/ShutterStock, Inc.
Observing Planetary Motion
Retrograde Motion
Planets move in
elliptical, not circular
orbits
Revolve around the
Sun, not Earth
Chapter 1, Lesson 1
The Greek Earth-Centered Model
Thales of Mileus
Stars are not gods
Pythagoras
Spherical Earth
Aristotle – 322 BC
Placed the Earth at the center of things
Parallax is the apparent shifting of nearby
objects with respect to distant ones as the
position of the observer changes
Chapter 1, Lesson 1
Ptolemy’s Model
Claudius Ptolemy – AD 150
Ptolemy believed that heavenly bodies
(planets and stars) were perfect, in contrast to
earthbound objects
The universe was based on perfect circles
An epicycle is the circular orbit of a
planet, the center of which revolves
around the Earth in another circle
Chapter 1, Lesson 1
Evaluating Ptolemy’s Model
Strengths
Fits evidence
available during his
lifetime
Includes testable
predictions
Weaknesses
Assumed that Earth
was stationary
Theory of epicycles
was a departure from
simplicity and
symmetry
Chapter 1, Lesson 1
Learning Check
CPS Questions (3-4)
Chapter 1, Lesson 1
Activity 1: Astronomy Crossword
Use your textbook to identify the
terms and people of prehistoric and
classical astronomy to complete the
crossword puzzle.
Refer to pages 6-18 in the textbook.
Chapter 1, Lesson 1
Activity 2: Testing Parallax
Follow the step-by-step directions on
your worksheet in order to test the
concept of parallax.
Then answer the questions about
parallax on the worksheet.
Be prepared to share your answers
with the class.
Chapter 1, Lesson 1
Activity 3: The Moon’s Phases
Work with your team to complete your
worksheet on the Moon’s phases.
You may refer to page 13 in the
textbook.
Chapter 1, Lesson 1
Technology Enrichment:
Sky Maps & Constellations
1. Using the website link provided,
download this month’s version and last
month’s version of the Evening Sky Map
for your geographic location.
2. Follow the steps and answer the
questions on the worksheet. You may
refer to pages 9-10 in your textbook.
Chapter 1, Lesson 1
Review
Celestial sphere refers to an imaginary sphere
of heavenly objects that seems to center on the
observer
Earth’s gravity holds the Moon in such a firm grip
that it always keeps the same face turned
toward the Earth
The ancient Greeks looked for symmetry, order,
and unity in the cosmos
Thales of Miletus reasoned that the Sun and
other stars were not gods but balls of fire
Chapter 1, Lesson 1
Review, cont.
Pythagoras proposed that the Earth is spherical
Aristotle placed the Earth at the center of things
The Greek model of the universe that won the
widest acceptance was that of Claudius
Ptolemy; for 1,300 years, his model was the
conventional wisdom of the scientific world
Chapter 1, Lesson 1
Review Questions
CPS Questions (5-6)
Chapter 1, Lesson 1
Summary
The Celestial Sphere
Greek Earth-Centered Models
Ptolemy’s Model
Chapter 1, Lesson 1
Next…
Done – Prehistoric
and Classical
Astronomy
Next – Astronomy
and the
Renaissance
Chapter 1, Lesson 1
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