Transcript Rapid Oil Consumption Measurement

Rapid Oil Consumption
Measurement
Industriegebiet Ost
Am Hölzel 11
D-76829 Landau
Germany
+49.6341.991.0
www.apl-landau.de
A new instrument for optimisation of lube oil
formulation and reduction of oil related emissions
3rd International Conference
LUBRICANTS RUSSIA
- 2007 -
APL AUTOMOBIL – PRÜFTECHNIK LANDAU GMBH
Oil Consumption – Oil Emission
oil sump balance
oil consumption
crack products
&
PM
oil emission
oil sump volume = lubeoil + fuel + water + ...
leakages
fuel
deposits in engine
lubrication TC
Blow-by
valve lubrication
lubrication pistonpiston ring-cylinder
reverse bBlow-by
flinging off
scraping
evaporation
lubeoil in exhaust gas
combustion deposits, water
unburnt HCs
from lubeoil
fresh oil
Mechanism Evaporation
Temperatures 0 - 720° Crank Angle
Log (T)
piston
evaporation
combustion chamber above piston
top ring
2nd ring
oilfilm
liner
water
oil evaporation
oilfilm cooling water
cylinder liner
Oil Consumption Measurement
Methods
without tracer
groups of HC- molecules,
unchanged fuels + lubes
selective ion calculation
in mass spectra
with tracer
radioactive
not
radioactive
Tritium
Brom
SO2
Chlor
Pyren
conventional
gravimetric
volumetric
drain / weigh
method
level
measurement
Composition of Fuels & Lubes
Hydrocarbons
carbon
hydrogen
Diesel fuel
overlap
Lubeoil
distance
Gasoline
0
5
10
15
20
25
Carbon Atoms [-]
30
35
40
Measuring Method
Mass Segments for Oil Emission
ring-shaped hydrocarbons
xylene
benzene
toluene
ambient air
substances
aliphatic hydrocarbons
CO2
Ar
O2
H2O
Intensity
N2
Gasoline < 160 m/z
Oil emission measuring range > 170 m/z
Diesel fuel < 290 m/z
0
50
100
150
Oemr > 300 m/z
350
300
250
Mass(m) / Charge(z)
[Atomic mass units]
200
Rapid Oil Emission Measurement
Principle
sampling in exhaust system
ion source
vacuum
pump
hexapol
quadrupoles
pre vacuum
Frequency < 250 Hz
mass
spectrometer
detector
high vacuum
Stationary Comparison of Oils
Oil related oil consumption differences
Comparison of Oils C, D & E
50
•measurement
•flushing
•measurement
•flushing
•measurement
•flushing
45
Oil Consumption [g/h]
4-cyl 2 litres
gasoline engine
40
35
Oil
Oil
Oil
Oil
Oil
Oil
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
0
2000
4000
Engine Speed [rpm]
6000
C WoT
D WoT
E WoT
C 50% WoT
D 50% WoT
E 50% WoT
Comparison of Oils over Time
Comparison of Oils A & B
120
+ simulation
+ calculation
100
80
60
delta eot
•rapid oil emission
•radio nuclid wear
increasing level
delta fresh
combination of
online methods:
WoT Oil Consumption [%]
running in
40
20
running in
constant low level
0
0
50
100
150
200
Running Time [h]
250
300
Oil A
Oil B
Comparison of Oil Emission Maps
300 h
20 h
OIL A
OIL B
Comparison of Oil Emission Maps vs Time
Influence of Motoring / Intake Vacuum
Dynamic Behaviour
100
modified by
motoring
90
oil emission [g/h]
80
70
60
50
40
30
fired:
20Nm load
motored: throttle closed
20
10
0
0
100
200
300
400
time [s]
500
600
700
Dynamic Comparison of Oils
5000
250
4000
200
3000
150
2000
100
1000
50
0
0
0
10
20
30
-1000
Time [min]
40
50
60
-50
Torque [Nm]
300
fired
6000
motored
4-cyl 2 litres
gasoline engine
Engine Speed [rpm]
Test Cycle
Dynamic Comparison of Oils C, D & E
Test Results
4-cyl 2 litres
gasoline engine
WOT oil consumptions
D<E<C
peak oil consumptions
D<C<E
Oil Consumption [g/h]
100
80
60
40
20
0
0
10
20
30
Time [min]
40
50
Oil C
60
Oil D
Oil E
Peak oil consumption up to 500 g/h
Summary & Conclusions
1. A new rapid oil consumption measurement
technique allows measurements up to 250 Hz
2. This enables the "fine tuning" of lube oils like
no other method
3. For some OEMs the traditional oil quality
specifications, together with their on top inhouse requirements are no longer sufficient
4. Oil quality and formulation modifications can
quickly be compared without influence of
changes in the engine
5. In combination with online wear measurement
this is the quickest development tool for the
moment
6. Simulation techniques and calculations can
additionally support the lube oil development