Transcript amine regeneration - Itering languages.com

KHABAROVSK REFINERY
HYDROPROCESSING PROJECT
PROCESS DESCRIPTION
TRAINING COURSE
APRIL 29th – MAY 3rd 2013, MADRID, SPAIN
INTRODUCTION
TRAINING COURSE
TO HIGHLIGHT THE MAIN PROCESS FEATURES,
STARTING FROM THE BASIC KNOWLEDGE OF THE THEORY
BLOCK DIAGRAM OF SRU/TGT
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MAIN SECTIONS
PLANT SECTIONS:
CLAUS SECTION
To remove H2S and sulphur compounds from acid gas
producing elemental sulphur
DEGASSING
SECTION
To remove H2S and polysulphides (H2Sx) from the
produced liquid sulphur
TGT SECTION
The tail gas is reduced so that all sulphur compounds
and residual SO2 are converted to H2S
AMINE SECTION
To regenerate the rich amine containing H2S and CO2
and recycle the acid gas to the Claus Section
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MAIN SECTIONS
PLANT SECTIONS:
AMINE
REGENERATION
SECTION
SOUR WATER
STRIPPING
SECTION
To regenerate the rich amine containing H2S and
CO2 and recycle the Amine Acid Gas to the Claus
Section
To remove H2S and NH3 from sour water
streams and recycle the SWS Acid Gas to the
Claus Section
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CLAUS SECTION
PURPOSE
• To remove hydrogen sulphide and sulphur compounds
from acid gas, producing elemental sulphur.
• As a second effect, NH3 content of the SWS stream will
be highly reduced in the Claus Thermal Reactor.
THERMAL STAGE
CATALYTIC STAGE
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CLAUS SECTION - Process Streams
The process streams involved in the Claus Section are:
PROCESS
STREAMS
FEEDS
- Amine Acid Gas;
- Sour Water Stripper Acid Gas;
- Amine Acid Gas Recycle from TGT Regenerator
PRODUCTS
- Tail Gas to TGT Section
- Liquid Sulphur to degassing/storage
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CLAUS SECTION - PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM
Amine Acid Gas
Scrubber has
the purpose to
remove the NH3
in the AAG.
AAG recycled
from Regenerat.
section is
mixed with
AAG coming
from AAG header
K.O. Drum
installed to
prevent any
liquid drop going
to the burner.
Combustion Air
is supplied by
Blower.
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CLAUS SECTION - PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM
SWSAG and part of the
AAG are mixed prior
to enter in the Claus
Burner.
AMINE AG
SWS AG
COMB. AIR
Thermal Reactor, WHB:
residence time, gas
cooling and heat
recovered.
Any sulphur condensed in the Thermal Reactor Waste Heat Boiler is drained to Sulphur Pit via
dedicated hydraulic seals.
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CLAUS THERMAL REACTOR : Main Equipment
 The concentration of H2S and the presence of impurities in the feedstock to Claus Unit
play an important role for the selection of the more appropriate plant configuration
THERMAL STAGE
The minimum requirements for the Thermal Reactor in case of treatment of
feedstock which contains impurities are:

Installation of a well proven high intensity burner

Appropriate residence time in the Thermal Reactor

Adequate temperature in the Thermal Reactor
The Thermal Reactor has been designed with double zones configuration to achieve
COMPLETE DESTRUCTION OF ALL IMPURITIES
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CLAUS SECTION - PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM
CATALYTIC STAGE
2 Claus Reactors, filled with
alumina catalyst to complete
the Claus reaction between
H2S and SO2
The first reactor has been
designed also for the use of
titania catalyst (to promote
Hydrolisis of COS, CS2).
Claus Heaters:
Hot gas by-pass for the first
Claus Converter;
Electrical Heater for the
second Claus Converter.
Steam side:
1st, 2nd and 3rd Condensers
operating P = 4.5 kg/cm2 g
The produced Svap is condensed in each Sulphur Condenser and drained via hydraulic seals.
Condensation and removal of sulphur, before the inlet to first and second catalytic stage,
enables further conversion of sulphur in each catalytic reactor.
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SULPHUR DEGASSING SECTION
• To remove H2S and H2Sx from the liquid sulphur
produced.
PURPOSE
The removal is achieved by means of direct contact with air
(Stripping Air from Combustion Air Blower) in a internal
Degassing Column filled with catalyst.
The process streams involved in the Sulphur Degassing are:
FEEDS
PROCESS
STREAMS
- Undegassed Liquid Sulphur with H2S content about of 300ppm wt.
- Stripping Air
PRODUCTS
- Degassed Liquid Sulphur with H2S content less than 10ppm wt.
- Sweep Air to Thermal Incinerator
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SULPHUR DEGASSING – PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM
Sulphur Pit is
equipped with
Undegassed
Sulphur Section
and Degassed
Sulphur
Storage
Section.
Air (hot) is fed
from
Combustion Air
Blower
through steam
jacketed pipe.
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SULPHUR DEGASSING – PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM
Sulphur Pit temperature
The temperature inside the
sulphur
pit
must
be
135÷145 °C in order to
control the viscosity of the
liquid sulphur, which has to
be
easily
pumped/
transferred (steam coils
are provided).
Sweeping the sulphur pit
In order to ventilate the
vapour space above the
sulphur level - and thus
maintaining
the
H2S
concentration below the
lower explosion limits –
Steam Ejector is provided.
The resulting Sweep Air is
sent
directly
to
the
Incinerator.
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TAIL GAS TREATMENT SECTION
R.A.R. Technology (REDUCING, ABSORPTION, RECYCLE)
The goal of the process is the reduction/hydrolysis into H2S of
sulphur compounds (SO2, Sx, COS, CS2) and the selective
absorption of H2S with the amine solution.
The H2S released during the regeneration of the amine solution is
recycled to Claus Unit.
To reduce all sulphur compounds contained in the
tail gas from Claus Section into H2S, over a
catalytic reactor.
PURPOSE
After the reduction stage, there is the cooling
stage, where the gas is cooled in the gas/gas heat
exchanger and the water content is reduced by
condensation.
Finally, the H2S contained in the quench tower
outlet gas is absorbed along the TGT Absorber and
recycled to the Claus Unit.
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TAIL GAS TREATMENT SECTION – Process Streams
The process streams involved in the TGT Section
are :
PROCESS
STREAMS
FEEDS
- Tail Gas from Claus Unit
- Lean Amine (MDEA 50%wt.) from Amine Regenerator
PRODUCTS
- Tail Gas to Thermal Incinerator
- Rich amine (MDEA 50%wt.) to Amine Regenerator
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TAIL GAS TREATMENT SECTION– PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM
TGT Heater is designed to
heat the tail gas coming from
both Claus trains and preheated
in the gas/gas exchanger.
Hydrogenation Reactor
filled with special catalyst,
capable to convert all sulphur
compounds in the Claus tail gas
to H2S, under slight H2 excess.
Hydrogenation Reactor
• Inlet/Outlet temperature =
280 °C/310 °C at SOR
For turndown capacities, the Recycle Gas Blower is used to maintain in recirculation to
ensure the min. flow of gas for the Hydr. Reactor and the TGT Absorber (also at start-up/SD).
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TAIL GAS TREATMENT SECTION– PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM
Quench Tower
• Gas from Quench Tower
temperature = 38 °C
• H2 content @ Quench Tower
outlet = 3% vol.
TGT Absorber
• MDEA solution = 50% wt.
• Lean MDEA inlet temp. = 40°C
• Tail Gas outlet temp. = 42°C
The Quench circuit is completed by the Quench Water Cooler, by the Sour Water Filter, and by
the draw-off line (excess of condensed water).
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AMINE REGENERATION SECTION
To regenerate the rich amine containing H2S
and CO2 from TGT Absorber.
PURPOSE
To recycle the acid gas back to the Claus.
The process streams involved
Regeneration Section are:
in
the
Amine
FEEDS
PROCESS
STREAMS
- Rich Amine (MDEA) from TGT Absorber
PRODUCTS
- Lean Amine (MDEA) to TGT Absorber
- Acid Gas Recycled to Claus
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AMINE REGENERATION SECTION– PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM
AMINE REGENERATION
Rich Amine to Regen. = 100 °C
Recycle Gas temperature =
50°C
Regenerator Reflux Drum
pressure = 0.9 kg/cm2 g
AMINE ABSORPTION
Lean Amine to TGT Absorber
temperature = 40 °C
Lean Amine to filtration system
about 50% of total amine flow
Amine type: MDEA
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AMINE REGENERATION SECTION– PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM
AMINE FACILITES
Steam Condensate make up is fed to Reflux Drum to maintain 50%wt.
Amine Drain Drum is provided to collect amine drains and is equipped with Amine Drain
Pump. Blanketing medium to protect amine from degradation.
Amine Filters are designed to remove particles (mechanical filters) and to absorb entrained
impurities (active carbon filter).
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INCINERATOR SECTION
PURPOSE
To perform the incineration (=oxidation at high
temperature) of residual H2S and all sulphur
compounds to SO2, in presence of excess air.
To discharge the flue gas to the atmosphere via a stack
in safe conditions (dispersing the resulting product at
altitude).
The process streams, involved in the Thermal
Incinerator, are the followings:
PROCESS
STREAMS
FEEDS
- Tail Gas from TGT Absorber
- Sweep Air from Sulphur Pit
Thermal Incinerator is sized to accomplish the
combustion of tail gas coming directly from Claus train,
in the event of TGT section shutdown (TGT by-pass).
PRODUCTS
Flue Gas from Stack
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INCINERATOR SECTION– PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM
Incinerator
• Oper. temp.=
650°C
• Natural draught
type
• Flue Gas O2
content = 2% vol.
minimum on wet
basis
• O2 analyzer at the
Stack
Due to low heating value of tail gas, it is necessary to sustain the combustion
using the fuel gas. The fuel gas flow to the burner is adjusted by temperature
control in the thermal incinerator.
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AMINE REGENERATION SECTION (ARU) – Process Streams
To regenerate the rich amine containing H2S from
Hydrocracking Section (HCU).
PURPOSE
To produce Amine Acid Gas that shall be treated in the
Claus Trains.
The process streams involved in the ARU Section
are:
PROCESS
STREAMS
FEED
- Rich Amine (DEA 25%wt.) from HCU
PRODUCTS
- Amine Acid Gas to Claus Trains
- Lean Amine (DEA 25%wt.) to HCU
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ARU SECTION – PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM
AMINE REGENERATION
Rich Amine to Regen. = 93 °C
Acid Gas temperature = 55°C
Regenerator Reflux Drum
pressure = 0.9 kg/cm2 g
Lean Amine to HCU
temperature = 55 °C
Lean Amine to filtration system
= 15% of total amine flow
Amine type: DEA
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ARU SECTION – PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM
AMINE FACILITES
Demi-water make up is fed to Regenerator Reflux Drum to maintain 25%wt.
Rich Amine Flash Drum is provided to collect rich amine from HCU Section and is equipped
with Rich Amine Pump and Slop Oil Pump.
Amine Filters are designed to remove particles (mechanical filters) and to absorb entrained
impurities (active carbon filter).
Amine Sump Drum is provided to collect amine drains from HCU Section and is equipped with
Amine Sump Pump. Blanketing medium to protect amine from degradation.
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SOUR WATER STRIPPING SECTION – Process Streams
To remove Hydrogen Sulphide and Ammonia from Sour
Water Streams.
PURPOSE
To produce Sour Water Stripper Acid Gas that shall be
treated in the Claus Trains.
The process streams involved in the ARU Section
are:
PROCESS
STREAMS
FEED
- Sour
- Sour
- Sour
- Sour
Water
Water
Water
Water
from
from
from
from
SRU
TGT
HCU
DHT
PRODUCTS
- Sour Water Stripper Acid Gas to Claus Trains
- Stripped Water to HCU/DHT
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SWS SECTION– PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM
Sour Water Stripping
Sour Water to Stripper = 84 °C
SWS Acid Gas temperature =
85°C
Stripper pressure = 0.9 kg/cm2g
Stripped water to HCU/DHT
temperature = 90°C
SWS FACILITES
Sour Water Feed Surge Drum is provided to collect sour water streams and is equipped with
Stripper Feed Pump and Slop Oil Pump.
Sour Water Stripper is also equipped with pumping/pumparound cooling system
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Viale Castello della Magliana 75
00148 - Italy
Ph. +39 06 602161
Fax +39 06 65793002
[email protected] – www.tecnimontkt.it
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