Discern the fine distinctions

•

Demonstrate your proficiency

•

Distinguish yourself from others

•

Betray your deficiency

Language Proficiency



Grammatically correct



Idiomatically sound



Aesthetically elegant

Language Proficiency

 The first stage of mastering a foreign language is to develop a working vocabulary (diction) and master the ability to organize it in grammatically correct sentences.

 The second stage, is to be able to use elements language in ways that are neither correct in diction and/or grammar, but conveys meaning “idiomatically.”  Finally, the third stage is to use correct and idiomatic language in aesthetically pleasing ways.

Test (25 points)

 Error corrections (5 points)  Translation (10 points)  A short essay on Life (10 points)

Grammatically correct

 Luggages are not allowed to be left here. NI  Luggage is not allowed to be left here.

( 集体名词【有的能计数，有的不能】 个体名词 ) Poetry poem Machinery machine Luggage trunk, bag, etc.

Police policeman Committee member

Foliage leaf Equipment tool Clothing garment

 Knowledge-a knowledge of English a slight knowledge of Shanghai  abstract meanings like the quality of a person: Less of a fool=less foolish As much of a fool as=as foolish as Too much of a fool=too foolish  Man, coward, coquette, politician, sportsman, scholar, poet He was enough of a man to tell the truth.

He was not man enough to admit his mistakes in public.

 She had to appear in the court to give evidence. NI  She had to appear in court to give evidence.

( 有冠词，定 / 不定，表示该名词所表示的处所，零冠 词，该处所的功能 )  bed, church, college, court, hospital, market, office, prison, sea, school, table the boy is old enough for school.

they were at table when we called.

It is a city on the sea.(=at the seaside) He wanted very much to go to sea.(=be a sailor)

Notice the difference

 I am annoyed with him.

 I was annoyed by mosquitoes all night.

 I am surprised at your behavior.

 I was surprised by a knock at the door.

 Replace the underlined parts by phrasal verbs.

 The train was delayed by fog and arrived late. Held up   You mustn’t omit the difficult questions. Leave out Chinese students of English often confuse the words ‘ lie ’ ‘ lay.

’ Mix up and  The chairman brought his speech to an end by thanking the staff for their hard work. Wound up  I used to believe his tall stories; now he rarely succeeds in deceiving me. Taking me in  I will admit my mistakes. Own up to  My nephew often utters the cleverest remarks. Comes out with  When his father died, Jim inherited a fortune. Came into

  If you refuse to execute my orders, you’ll be dismissed. Carry out  He recovered consciousness when the doctor had applied artificial respiration. Came to  If I don’t punish you this time, will you promise never to do it again? Let you off  They are quarrelling and reconciling by turns. making up  She is not really that way. She is just pretending. Putting on  I finally understood what she was talking about. Caught on to  Some new problems appeared at the last minute. Cropped up

Modal verb  You will wait outside the gate.

You will report to me afterwards.

 

Will: indicates a kind of obligation.

Usually used along with “ you ” , as an intensified imperative sentence.

There ’ s someone coming upstairs.

That will be Lisa. 

Will: speculation

  A lion will attack a man only when hungry.

Before his retirement he would catch the early bus every morning.

   

A speculation based on customary actions.

Oil will float on water.

Pigs will eat anything.

A speculation based on objective judgment.

         You shall stay with us as long as you like. = I ’ m willing to let you stay with us as long as you like.

He shall be praised if he works hard for the people. = I ’ ll see that he is praised if he works hard for the people.

Shall: indicate the will of the speaker

You ‵ shall obey my orders. = I insist that you obey my orders.

They ‵ shall do what I told them to. = I ’ m determined to make them do it.

Shall (stress): indicate the strong will and determination of the speaker

You ‵ shan ’ t get away with it. = I will never allow you to get away with it.

Foreign countries ‵ shall not interfere in our internal affairs.

Shall not (stress): indicate the prohibition and the threat from the speaker

 His parents are deadly against the trip. NI His parents are dead against the trip.

She stopped dead. ( 突然地，完全地 ) The wind was dead against us. ( 完全地，直接地 ) Deadly pale ( 死人似的苍白 ) Deadly serious ( 极端严重 )  fair/fairly play fair hit him fair on the nose fair and square  firm/firmly stand firm hold firm to your beliefs

 ( Clear You can see clear to the mountains today. 完全地，径直地 ) Sand clear of the gates! ( 隔开，不接触 )  close He was following close behind. ( 近 )  high/highly aim high 力争上游 hold one ’ s head high 昂首 play high 大赌 search high and low 到处搜寻 fly high 有雄心 a historical high 历史新高  sharp/sharply ten o ’ clock sharp turn sharp right look sharp 赶快，留神，注意

 You ’ re always being late.

 You ’ re not staying here any longer. = I won ’ t allow you to stay here any longer. 进行时表将来 含情态意义。  I ’ m not sitting on that hard seat. = I won ’ t sit on that hard seat.

 It is the first time that I speak in public.

It is the first time that I have spoken in public.

 It is/was/will be the first time + (that) have done  It was the first time + had done  This, this evening, yesterday. Second tenth. Month year.

  Almost every professor and student at the university approve of the choice of Dr. Brown as the new president. UG Almost every professor and student at the university approves of the choice of Dr. Brown as the new president. It is a message of importance for every man and woman who votes.

 Each penny, nickel, dime, and quarter are counted carefully by the bank teller. UG Each penny, nickel, dime, and quarter is counted carefully by the bank teller.

 She used to come each day but now she only comes once a week. UG She used to come every day but now she only comes once a week.

 No boy and no girl is admitted.

 It has been seven years since I first entered the university.

It is seven years since I first entered the university.

   The house has been in bad repair since he lived in it. = The house has been in bad repair since he moved out.

I haven ’ t eaten snails since I was a student at Indiana. = I haven ’ t eaten snails since I left Indiana.

Lived 持续性动词 was 静态动词 Since 分句中用持续性动词和静态动词的一般过去式，通常 表示动作或状态的完成或结束。   The house has been in bad repair since he has lived in it.

I haven ’ t eaten snails since I have been a student at Indiana.

 The quiet little room is become to me perfectly. NI The quiet little room becomes me perfectly.

 一些静态动词没有被动语态。  This plane holds about 500 people.

 The graduates lacked working experience.

 She resembles her sister in character.

 He ’ s gone.

 The moon is risen now.

 They are finished.

 相当于完成体结构  He has gone.

 The moon has risen now.

 They have finished.

         Tomatoes can be bruised easily.

Tomatoes bruise easily.

主动代被动 主语指物居多，通常具有某些内在特征，是动作得以 / 难 以实现。 The belt won ’ t buckle.

My voice doesn ’ t carry well.

Damp wood will not fire. (Ame: Damp wood will not burn.) The flat lets for 600 dollars a month.

Ripe apples pick easily.

This paper tears easily.

The material won ’ t wear.

Meanings change when turned into passive voice

 There was nothing to see. = There was nothing for one to see.

 There was nothing to be seen. = The thing being looked for was not there.

 His novels don ’ t sell.

His novels are not sold.

 She does not photograph well.

She has not been photographed well.

Subjunctive mood

 Heaven forbid!

 So be it.

 Suffice it to say that…  He will remain here if need be.

 Home is home, be it ever so homely.

 He ’ s my best friend, my second self, as it were.

= so to speak

Notice the presence of “to”

 I ’ d rather not have eggs and bacon for breakfast.

 I would just as soon stay as go.

 He would sooner play than work.

 He would rather listen to others than talk himself.

 Rather than cause trouble, he left.

 The manager believes it is important to invest in new machinery rather than to increase wages.

The infinitive “to” or the preposition “to”

 Keeping what belongs to another amounts to stealing.

 She confessed to (having) a dread of spiders.

 He ’ s stopped taking drugs now, but he may revert to taking them again.

 She took to being out frequently in the evening.

 He swore to having paid for the goods. ( 强调地说 )

  It ’ s hard to reconcile oneself to never being sick a long time.NI: delete “never” He applied himself to learning English.

  He is resigned to losing the competition.

He was reduced to begging for food.

  After a long delay, he got round to writing the letter.

His suggestions went very near to resolving our dilemma.

  That is tantamount to saying that you do not agree.

Whatever you my say, she is deaf to reasoning.

  I ’ m writing with a view to finding out whether you have any news about my son.

He bought the old house with an eye to making it a hotel.

           A drunk man is one who has drunk too much alcohol and has got drunk. UG A drunken man is one who has drunk too much alcohol and has gotten drunk. A ship that has been sunk is a sunk ship. UG A ship that has been sunk is a sunken ship.

原形 -ed 分词 形容词作名词修饰语 形容词作补语 Bind bound bounden bound Drink drunk drunken drunk Light lit lighted lit Melt melted molten melted Rot rotted rotten rotten Shave shaved shaven shaved Shrink shrunk shrunken shrunk Sink sunk sunken sunk

 A bounden duty is a duty one is bound to do. (“bounden” NI)  A lighted candle is one that has been lit.

 Wood that has rotted is rotten wood.

 Molten steel is steel that has been melted.

 Shrunken clothes are clothes that have shrunk in the wash.

 A clean-shaven man is one who has been shaved clean.

 A ship that has been sunk is a sunken ship.

Idiomatically Sound

 The night is still early yet. NI The night is still young.

 In the still/dead of the night  Have an early night 早点睡觉  At the crack of dawn NI

 Some children are afraid of the darkness. NI Some children are afraid of the dark.

 The room is in (the) dark. NI The room is in darkness.

 At first sight/hand/glance “hand” NI  Rank first  (the) first thing need “the”

 His determined profession was medicine. NI  His chosen profession was medicine.

 A very determined woman

 They are not so willing as us to have this picture hung in the corridor. UG  They are not so willing as we to have this picture hung in the corridor. NI  They are not so willing as we are willing to have this picture hung in the corridor. NI  They are not so willing as we are to have this picture hung in the corridor.

  Such a man as he is welcome. NI A man like him is welcome/Such a man is welcome.

 Let us begin from this chapter. NI Let us begin with this chapter.

 We started with soup and end up with ice cream. it could be “ended up”  The English alphabet begins with “ A ” “ Z.

” and ends with  Exception: begin from the beginning

 Irrigation and drainage are two of the most common ways of exploiting wasteland. NI  Irrigation and drainage are two of the most common ways of reclaiming wasteland.

 Exploit water power/natural resources  Reclaim ( 开垦荒地 )marshland/desert/an area from the sea

 The acquirement of knowledge, his literary acquirements, (spiritually)  The acquisition of property, his mental acquisitions (physically and spiritually)  Your services are an acquirement to the staff UG  Your services are an acquisition to the staff NI  The young assistant is an acquisition. ( 被得到的可贵的人或物 ) NI

              I am twenty years of my age. UG I am twenty years of age. Ok I’m aged twenty. I’m aged twenty years. ( 也可作：我在容貌或精神上好似老了二十年 ) ok My age is twenty years. NI I’m twenty of age. UG My age is twenty years old. UG but OK I am aged twenty years old. NI At the age of ninety 年龄 In his old age 人生的一段时间 In an age of general unrest 时代 Of my age At an advanced age/at an old age/at an extremely old age/at a good old age For ages=for an age

 Whenever he meets me he always speaks of his father.  Whenever he meets me he speaks of his father.

 When he meets me he always speaks of this father. NI  He ‵

always

‵ is here! （别以为他不在这儿）他的确常常在这儿！

 The Annal of African Medicine is published by the Usmanu Danfodiyo University. UG  The Annals of African Medicine is published by the Usmanu Danfodiyo University.

 The call of God is a summon to people to come to Him through faith in Christ.  The call of God is a summons to people to come to Him through faith in Christ.

 You cannot be too careful.

 You cannot be careful enough.

 You cannot be sufficiently careful.

 You cannot take enough care.

 You cannot take sufficient care.

 We cannot recommend this book too strongly.

 I cannot see enough of him.  We cannot exaggerate his attainments.

 This point cannot be overemphasized.

 It is of no exaggeration to say he is second to none in this field. NI  It is no exaggeration to say he is second to none in this field.

 He is of (no) character. NI  He is a man of (no) character.

 You are a man of your word.

 You are a man of his word.  I am a man of his word.

 A man of his word 守约者

 Note the difference  We are all members of society. 统说“社会”  You ought to work for the welfare of the society. 特指 某一“会社，团体 ”  These accomplishments fit one for society. 社交界  The new society/the old society

     Note the difference He is no fool. 他很精明 He is not a fool. 他不是呆子 He is no genius. 他是呆子 He is not a genius. 他不是天才 He is no grammarian. 他不大懂语法 He is not a grammarian. 他不是语法家 He is no scholar. 他不大识字 He is not a scholar. 他不是学者     He is no judge. 他不会鉴赏 He is not a judge. 他 不是鉴 赏家 I am no angel.

我脾气不大好 I am not an angel.

我不是天使 It is no joke.

这是一件正经事 This is not a joke.

这不是笑话 He has no small chance of success.

他大有成功的可能 He has no smallest chance of success. NI 他完全没有成功的可能

 There’s no such a thing as that. NI There’s no such thing as that.

 No such book

 He depends more on you rather than on me. NI  He depends more on you than on me.

 He depends on you rather than on me.

 Without “a” or “an”  Hard of heart  Large of limb  Nimble of foot  Quick of eye  Pale of face NI  (All these would go with “He is [hard of heart etc.]” except “He is pale of face” is NI; rather, “He has a pale face”] (With the others we could always say “He is hard hearted, quick eyed, pale faced” etc. and also “He is”

 Note the difference  The river/River… Bri. English  The … River Ame, English  the river/River Thames (in England)  the Hudson River (in America)  the Thames  the Hudson

 A letter of an early date/a late date A letter of early date/late date  The conference adjourned without setting a date. Ame. The conference adjourned indefinitely. Bri. 会议无限期休会

 Don’t be in a hurry. Don’t hurry.

 I advise you to be in a hurry. NI I advise you to hurry up.

 He is a teacher by trade. NI  He is a tailor by trade.

 By trade: carpenter, shoemaker, mason, tailor, blacksmith  Instead of teacher, writer

A Wealth of Idioms

 hit the mark: to be correct or accurate  have/hold all the aces: to be in a strong position when you are competing with someone else, because you have all the advantages  Average Joe: An average Joe is an ordinary person without anything exceptional about them. (dear John letter, peeping Tom, keep up with the Joneses, plain Jane)  skate on thin ice: to be in a risky situation.

 Break A Leg: A superstitious way to say 'good luck' without saying 'good luck', but rather the opposite.

 Dead Ringer: 100% identical. A duplicate.

 Salad days: Your salad days are an especially happy period of your life.

 Salt of the earth: People who are salt of the earth are decent, dependable and unpretentious.

 Just off the boat: If someone is just off the boat, they are naive and inexperienced.

 Bob’s your uncle: This idiom means that something will be successful: Just tell him that I gave you his name and Bob's your uncle- he'll help you.

 Teacher’s pet: The teacher's favorite pupil is the teacher's pet  Zero hour: The time when something important is to begin is zero hour.

 Young blood: Young people with new ideas and fresh approaches are young blood.

Aesthetically elegant

 I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud — by William Wordsworth  Hope — by Emily Dickinson  Abstract from “The Good life” — by Bertrand Russell  Abstract from Young Goodman Brown — by Nathaniel Hawthorne  Abstract from The School for Scandal — by Richard Brinsley Sheridan

I wandered lonely as a cloud — by William Wordsworth

I wandered lonely as a cloud That floats on high o‘er vales and hills, Out-did the sparkling waves in glee: When all at once I saw a crowd, The waves beside them danced; but they A poet could not but be gay, A host, of golden daffodils; In such a jocund company: Beside the lake, beneath the trees, I gazed--and gazed--but little thought Fluttering and dancing in the breeze. What wealth the show to me had brought: Continuous as the stars that shine For oft, when on my couch I lie And twinkle on the milky way, In vacant or in pensive mood, They stretched in never-ending line They flash upon that inward eye Along the margin of a bay: Which is the bliss of solitude; Ten thousand saw I at a glance, And then my heart with pleasure fills, Tossing their heads in sprightly dance. And dances with the daffodils.

Hope — by Emily Dickinson  Hope is the thing with feathers That perches in the soul, And sings the tune--without the words, And never stops at all,  And sweetest in the gale is heard; And sore must be the storm That could abash the little bird That kept so many warm.

 I've heard it in the chillest land, And on the strangest sea; Yet, never, in extremity, It asked a crumb of me.

Rhyme in Poetry

The Sun Rising

— by John Donne Busy old fool, unruly sun, Why dost thou thus, Through windows and through curtains call on us?

Must to thy motions lovers’ seasons run?

多管闲事的老傻瓜，不安分的太阳，你为何要这 样做，透过窗户和窗帘叫唤我们？难道情人的季节 必须跟着你转吗？

Rhyme in Poetry

An Essay on Criticism

— by Alexander Pope True wit is Nature to advantage d

ressed

, What oft was thought, but ne’er so well exp

ressed

.

Something whose truth convinced at sight we f

ind

, 。

ind

. 真正的机智是打扮得体的大自然，过去人们经常想 到，却从未如此精妙地表达出来，是我们一看到就 确信其真理，它将再现曾留在我们脑海里形象

Rhyme in Poetry

Annabel Lee

— by Edgar Allan Poe It was many and many a year ag

o

, In a kingdom by the s

ea

, That a maiden there lived whom you may kn

ow

, By the name of Annabel L

ee

; And this maiden she lived with no other thought, Than to love and be loved by m

e

.

Rhyme in Poetry

Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard

— by Thomas Gray The curfew tolls the knell of parting d

ay

, The lowing herd wind slowly o’er the l

ea

, The plowman homeward plods his weary w

ay

, And leaves the world to darkness and to m

e

.

晚钟敲响了丧钟，送走逝去的白昼， 低鸣的牛群迂曲绕行，缓缓走在草原上， 犁地人拖着脚步，疲惫地走在回家的路上， 把整个世界留给黑暗和我。

Rhyme in Shakespeare’s Works

    lin

sey

-wool

sey

废话 nob

ility

and tranqu

ility

高贵而悠闲 nor c

ru

st nor c

ru

mb 没有面包屑和面包皮 (with)

m

ight and

m

ain 尽全力地 By the pricking of my th

um

b, / Something wicked this way c

om

es. 我的拇指刺痛得厉害，定有什么坏东西朝这边来。 We are not the f

irst

/ Who with best meaning have incurred the w

orst

. 我们不是第一个善心反而遭到恶报的人。

Alliteration

     a

f

usion of

f

acts and

f

iction 一种现实与虚构的融合 

r

epresentation of

r

omance and 浪漫和现实的再现

r

eality a

w

ar of

w

it and

w

ords 才智和语言的交锋

s

aints and

s

inners 圣人与罪人 (in)

w

eal and (or)

w

oe 无论是福是祸

tri

als and

tri

bulations 痛苦与磨难

Alliteration in Poetry

1. John Donne

Songs and Sonnets

《歌与 14 行诗》 ‘the union of soul and body ’ 2. William Blake

Marriage of Heaven and Hell

《天堂与地狱联姻》 3. Robert Burns O

My Love’s Like a Red Red Rose

《我的爱像一朵红红的玫瑰》

Alliteration in Poetry

4. Edgar Allan Poe

‘lines written, in my passionate boyhood, to the first, purely ideal love of my soul ’

写作于我激情的儿童时期，献给我灵魂的第一位纯洁而又 理想的爱人 。

To Helen

‘

Helen, thy beauty is to me Like those Nicean barks of yore, That gently, o’er a perfumed sea, The

w

eary,

w

ay-

w

orn

w

anderer bore To his own native shore

’

Alliteration in Poetry

5. Percy Bysshe Shelley

Ode to the West Wind

《西风颂》

‘

O Wild West Wind, thou breath of Autumn

’

s being

’

啊，狂野的西风，你是秋日的气息

Alliteration in Shakespeare’s Works

crafty confusion

（装糊涂）

for the fantasy of fame

（为虚名）

delight and dole (

喜与悲 )

painted pomp

（虚饰的荣华）

wonted way

（常态）

mangled matter

（弄糟的事）

wild whirling words (

疯话 )

Alliteration in Fiction

 Jane Austine

Pride and Prejudice

《傲慢与偏见》

Sense and Sensibility

《理智与情感》

 ‘

torn between sense and sensibility

’

Alliteration in Essay

Francis Bacon 

Of Envy

《论嫉妒》 play-pleasure 看白戏式的快乐 sober sort of politique persons 头脑清醒的政客 

Of Nobility

《论贵族》 waves and weathers 饱经风霜 

Of Seditions And Troubles

《论叛乱与动乱》 secret swellings of seas 暗涌的海浪

Alliteration in Essay

     Autobiography — by Bertrand Russell a

p

articular,

p

ersistent reason 一个特别而又持久的原因 a

c

omparable

c

ombination of qualities 各种素质的均衡结合 a

d

eliberate

d

esign 特意设计

The Spirit of Solitude

《孤独的心灵》

d

oomed to a

d

ark

d

estiny 在劫难逃

Alliteration in Essay

       the darkest despair 绝境 paroxysms of pains 一阵一阵的痛苦 a saint and a sage 圣贤之人 a foolish fear 愚蠢的恐惧 merely mundane misfortune 纯粹的世俗不幸 daily pursuit and pleasure 纯粹的世俗不幸 a mixture of public and private events 公事和私事兼有

Abstract from “The Good life” — by Bertrand Russell

 Love at its fullest is an indissoluble combination of the two elements, delight and well-wishing. The pleasure of a parent in a beautiful and successful child combines both elements; so does sex love at its best. But in sex love, benevolence will only exist where there is secure possession, since otherwise jealousy will destroy it, while perhaps actually increasing the delight in contemplation. Delight without well-wishing may be cruel; well-wishing without delight easily tends to become cold and a little superior. A person who wishes to be loved wishes to be the object of a love containing both elements, except in cases of extreme weakness, such as infancy and severe illness. In these cases benevolence may be all that is desired.

Abstract from “The Good life” — by Bertrand Russell

 Conversely, in cases of extreme strength, admiration is more desired than benevolence: this is the state of mind of potentates and famous beauties. We only desire other people say, ‘ ’ s good wishes in proportion as we feel ourselves in need of help or in danger of harm from them. At least, that would seem to be the biological logic of the situation, but it is not quite true to life. We desire affection in order to escape from the feeling of loneliness, in order to be, as we understood ’ . This is a matter of sympathy, not merely of benevolence; the person whose affection is satisfactory to us must not merely wish us well, but must know in what our happiness consists. But this belongs to the other element of the good life, namely knowledge.

Expressions for Describing People

 Abstract from Young Goodman Brown — by Nathaniel Hawthorne  Some affirm that the lady of the governor was there. At least there were high dames well known to her, and wives of honored husbands, and widows, a great multitude, and ancient maidens, all of excellent repute, and fair young girls, who trembled lest their mothers should espy them. Either the sudden gleams of light flashing over the obscure field bedazzled Goodman Brown, or he recognized a score of the church members of Salem village famous for their especial sanctity.

Expressions for Describing People

 Good old Deacon Gookin had arrived, and waited at the skirts of that venerable saint, his revered pastor. But, irreverently consorting with these grave, reputable, and pious people, these elders of the church, these chaste dames and dewy virgins, there were men of dissolute lives and women of spotted fame, wretches given over to all mean and filthy vice, and suspected even of horrid crimes. It was strange to see that the good shrank not from the wicked, nor were the sinners abashed by the saints. Scattered also among their pale-faced enemies were the Indian priests, or powwows, who had often scared their native forest with more hideous incantations than any known to English witchcraft.

Expressions for Describing People

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Hamlet

— by Shakespeare Look here, upon this picture, and on this, The counterfeit presentment of two brothers.

See, what a grace was seated on this brow; Hyperion's curls; the front of Jove himself; An eye like Mars, to threaten and command; A station like the herald Mercury New-lighted on a heaven-kissing hill; A combination and a form indeed, Where every god did seem to set his seal, To give the world assurance of a man

Expressions for Love

The School for Scandal

— by Richard Brinsley Sheridan Chas. Surf. But what has made Sir Peter steal off? I thought he had been with you.

Jos. Surf. He was, brother; but, hearing you were coming, he did not choose to stay.

Chas. Surf. What! Was the old gentleman afraid I wanted to borrow money of him?

Jos. Surf. No, sir; but I am sorry to find, Charles, you have lately given that worthy man grounds for great uneasiness.

Chas. Surf. Yes, they tell me I do that to a great many worthy men. But how so, pray?

Jos. Surf. To be plain with you, brother, he thinks you are endeavouring to gain Lady Teazle ’ s affections from him.

Expressions for Love

Chas. Surf. Who, I? O Lud! not I, upon my word—Ha! ha! ha! so the old fellow has found out that he has got a young wife, has he?—or, what is worse, Lady Teazle has found out she has an old husband?

Jos. Surf. This is no subject to jest on, brother. He who can laugh— Chas. Surf. True, true, as you were going to say—then, seriously, I never had the least idea of what you charge me with, upon my honour.

Jos. Surf. Well, it will give Sir Peter great satisfaction to hear this. [Raising his voice.

Expressions for Love

Chas. Surf. To be sure, I once thought the lady seemed to have taken a fancy to me; but, upon my soul, I never gave her the least encouragement. Besides, you know my attachment to Maria.

Jos. Surf. But sure, brother, even if Lady Teazle had betrayed the fondest partiality for you— Chas. Surf. Why, look father— ’ ee Joseph, I hope I shall never deliberately do a dishonourable action, but if a pretty woman was purposely to throw herself in my way—and that pretty woman married to a man old enough to be her

Expressions for Love

Jos. Surf. Well!

Chas. Surf. Why, I believe I should be obliged to— Jos. Surf. What?

Chas. Surf. To borrow a little of your morality, that ’ s all. But, brother, do you know now that you surprise me exceedingly, by naming me with Lady Teazle; for i ’ faith, I always understood you were her favourite.

Jos. Surf. Oh, for shame, Charles! This retort is foolish.

Chas. Surf. Nay, I swear I have seen you exchange such significant glances— Jos. Surf. Nay, nay, sir, this is no jest.

Expressions for Love

 Sons and Lovers — by D.H. Lawrence  Because—the difference between people isn't in their class, but in themselves. Only from the middle classes one gets ideas, and from the common people—life itself, warmth. You feel their hates and loves.

Expressions for Love

 Tess of the D’urbervilles — by Thomas Hardy  It was Dairyman Crick's rule to insist on breaking down these partialities and aversions by constant interchange, since otherwise, in the event of a milkman or maid going away from the dairy, he was placed in a difficulty.

Expressions for Love

 Oliver Twist — by Charles Dickens  Well," said the old gentleman, " I suppose he's fond of chimney-sweeping?" " He dotes on it, your worship," replied Bumble, giving Oliver a sly pinch

Expressions for Love

 A Man of Property — by John Galsworthy  Of all eating-places James liked best to come here; there was something unpretentious, well-flavoured, and filling about it, and though he had been to a certain extent corrupted by the necessity for being fashionable, and the trend of habits keeping pace with an income that would increase, he still hankered in quiet City moments after the tasty fleshpots of his earlier days.