MST Proprietary – Company Confidential Presentation to Jerusalem Conference 2013 10 Oppenheimer St. Rehovot Science Park, Rehovot 76701. Israel Office: +972-8-9314606 Website: www. mst-ren.com

MST Proprietary – Company Confidential

.

The CPV Wakeup

MST Proprietary – Company Confidential

CPV Power tracker 3 MST Proprietary – Company Confidential

MST Proprietary – Company Confidential

The Technology – Power block

5 MST Proprietary – Company Confidential



What is CPV

CPV is the technology that uses MJ (multi junction) solar cells that were originally developed for space application and concentrated light to reduce the size of the solar cells and thus reduce cost.

 The industrial MJ solar cells have today an efficiency of 40% and will reach in about 3 years an efficiency of 45%. In the more distant future the MJ cells will reach an efficiency of 50%.

 The increase in efficiency of the cells is of great interest because it reduces proportionally the cost of the CPV system.

MST Proprietary – Company Confidential

What is CPV

 The light concentration of present systems varies between 500 and 1000 suns. The size of the lenses varies from 30x30 cm to 5x5 cm.

 The high concentration requires accurate tracking of the sun, normally better than 0.1 deg.  The tracker is a critical element in the CPV system, because degradation of tracking will reduce strongly the efficiency of the system.  The tracker becomes also a significant cost item and its MTBF is critical. (Mean Time Between Failures) MST Proprietary – Company Confidential

CPV Technology

The following are the basics of CPV (

C

oncentrated

PV

)  Reducing the cell area by replacing expensive semiconductor material with low cost GLASS lenses.  Employing highly efficient solar cells instead of regular Si solar cells (40% instead of 20%).

8 MST Proprietary – Company Confidential

The Technology

– Power Element

 Refractive secondary optics.

 Novel optical design which yields a >1 º acceptance angle.  Special optical bonding.

 Integrated solar cell receiver (bypass diode and terminals).

9 MST Proprietary – Company Confidential

Resource available to CPV

 Light energy is comprised of two elements: DNI (Direct Normal Irradiation) and diffusive.

 The resource available to CPV is only the DNI.

 The DNI contains about 80% of the available light energy.

 However, because CPV tracks the sun, it captures all the DNI available, in contrast to PV fixed systems that capture only part of it.

MST Proprietary – Company Confidential

Resource available to PV

Silicon PV captures only the normal component of the DNI and the diffusive light.



Thus, about 25%-30% of the DNI is lost for fixed latitude tilted silicon PV systems because of cosine losses.

MST Proprietary – Company Confidential

Other differences: CPV vs PV



There are two other major parameters that make a difference in efficiency between silicon and MJ/CPV systems: Temperature and Aging



The typical efficiency reduction of Silicon due to cell temperature is 0.38%/degK.



The typical efficiency loss figure for MJ cells is 0.06%/degK



The efficiency decay over time is comparable

MST Proprietary – Company Confidential

CPV advantage over PV

From above it is obvious that the CPV has advantage over Fixed Tilt PV in hot areas, and due to the fact that CPV is tracking the sun The following are 5 typical locations where CPV has advantage over Fixed Tilt PV.

The resource information is from NASA Data Base that collected the data over a period of 22 years.

MST Proprietary – Company Confidential

Dimona

Dimona Radiation Monthly Production (kwh/msq/month)

250.00

200.00

150.00

100.00

50.00

0.00

1 2 CPV 3 4 PV Tilted 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

Month

12 MST Proprietary – Company Confidential

Dimona

Dimona M onthly Excess Energy Produced by CPV (CPV/PV-1)

160.0% 140.0% 120.0% 100.0% 80.0% 60.0% 40.0% 20.0% 0.0% 1 2 3 TPV/PV Ratio 4 5 Yearly average 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Month

MST Proprietary – Company Confidential

DeAar, South Africa

DeAar Radiation Monthly Production (kwh/msq/month)

250.00

200.00

150.00

100.00

50.00

0.00

1 2 CPV 3 4 PV Tilted 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

Month

12 MST Proprietary – Company Confidential

DeAar, South Africa

DeAar M onthly Excess Energy Produced by CPV (CPV/PV-1)

140.0% 130.0% 120.0% 110.0% 100.0% 90.0% 80.0% 70.0% 60.0% 50.0% 40.0% 30.0% 20.0% 10.0% 0.0% 1 2 3 CPV/PV Ratio 4 5 Yearly average 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Month

MST Proprietary – Company Confidential

Tibet Plateau

250.00

200.00

150.00

100.00

50.00

0.00

1

Tibet Plateau Radiation Monthly Production (kwh/msq/month)

2 CPV 3 4 PV Tilted 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

Month

12 MST Proprietary – Company Confidential

Tibet Plateau

150.0%

Tibet Plateau M onthly Excess Energy Produced by CPV (CPV/PV-1)

140.0% 130.0% 120.0% 110.0% 100.0% 90.0% 80.0% 1 2 3 CPV/PV Ratio 4 5 Yearly average 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Month

MST Proprietary – Company Confidential

Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China

Hohhot Radiation Monthly Production (kwh/msq/month)

250.00

200.00

150.00

100.00

50.00

0.00

1 2 CPV 3 4 PV Tilted 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

Month

12 MST Proprietary – Company Confidential

Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China

Hohhot M onthly Excess Energy Produced by CPV (CPV/PV-1)

150.0% 140.0% 130.0% 120.0% 110.0% 100.0% 90.0% 80.0% 1 2 3 CPV/PV Ratio 4 5 Yearly average 6 7 8 9 10 11

Month

12 MST Proprietary – Company Confidential

Alice Springs. Australia TPV/PV =125.4%

MST Proprietary – Company Confidential

Summing Up

For a DNI of about 2200 kwh/msq/y the CPV produced energy has an advantage of 20%-23.6% For a DNI of about 2600 kwh/msq/y the CPV produced energy has an advantage of about 26% For a DNI of about 2700 kwh/msq/y the CPV produced energy has an advantage of about 30%.

The higher the DNI, the larger the advantage of CPV over Fixed Tilt PV

MST Proprietary – Company Confidential

Global Solar Irradiance

MST Proprietary – Company Confidential

25 MST Proprietary – Company Confidential

Global Solar Irradiance

The following regions are the most favorable for CPV:  South West US, North Mexico,  Chile, North Argentina,  South Africa,  Tibet Plateau, Inner Mongolia,  Australia,  North Africa  Middle East countries including Israel.

MST Proprietary – Company Confidential

CPV vs Tilted PV Land Use



CPV requires an area of 8,000msq/MW up to 12,000msq/MW.



Tilted PV requires 20,000 to 40,000 msq/MW



CSP (Thermal Concentrating systems) requires 35,000 msq/MW.



CPV can be installed on hilly areas because it is mounted on a pole.



PV requires flat areas.



Land is always a rare commodity, and should be used sparingly.



For large installations at the level of a country, a low land area requirement is a major benefit.

MST Proprietary – Company Confidential

Additional advantages of CPV



Dual use of land



Lower soiling



Higher productivity. CPV produces 2.6 times more energy per unit land area than Fixed Tilt PV

MST Proprietary – Company Confidential

Cost effectiveness of CPV



The CPV systems have reached the stage that large turnkey solar plants can be sold at a price of $2500/KW.



High quality fixed tilt PV systems are now sold for a price of about $2000/KW. Having an advantage of 20%-30%, the CPV installations are as cost effective as the PV systems.



Taking into account the additional advantages of the CPV, it becomes the system of choice in desert areas and high altitude

MST Proprietary – Company Confidential

Cost effectiveness of CPV



Moreover, as the efficiency of MJ solar cells increases, the cost and therefore the price of CPV installations will reduce proportionally. In addition, as the installation capacity of CPV increases, the price of components will decrease as well.



In view of above, we can easily anticipate a reduction of 25% in CPV price in the next 5 years to a price below $2000/KW. At that stage CPV will be the most cost effective solar system technology to install in the relevant territories.

MST Proprietary – Company Confidential

The CPV demand



The customers learned to appreciate the CPV advantages, and there is a raising demand world wide to this technology.



The status is that there is a handful of companies that can supply utility size systems.



Therefore, CPV systems are in high demand and this is growing



In view of the vast land areas that comply with CPV capability, this demand will be growing

MST Proprietary – Company Confidential

The MST CPV Business Model



MST has anticipated the status of CPV and its demand and followed the following steps:



Developed a high efficiency low cost system



Developed a reliable, low cost, low maintenance cost, high accuracy tracker that supports the system.



Developed with Kuka and Ortech a Production Line that allows implementing the technology by anyone who desires acquiring it.



The Production Line capacity is 75MW/year with 3 shifts.

MST Proprietary – Company Confidential

Technology licensing Content

 Lines hardware and software.

 Installation and supervision.

 Engineering support.

 Ramp up.

 Training.

 Documentation.

 Technology upgrades.

 Financing.

33 MST Proprietary – Company Confidential

The MST CPV Business Model



MST offers its customers complete packages as follows:



Licensing the CPV technology



Turnkey installation of Production Lines to build solar plants near the area of deployment



Training of personnel to operate the Production Lines.



MST is the only company that proposes such packages.

MST Proprietary – Company Confidential