Transcript Intercultural Market Communication 1_student copy

Intercultural Market
Communication
Bedlinen
only 9.99
this week …
Week 36
Fall 2010
What is
he talking
about
Practical
• Who am I?
• Who are you? Photos
• What is Intercultural Market
Communication all about?
• Exam
• In English, please
Today
•
•
•
•
Course introduction
Lecturer’s presentation, discussions
Please read: M&M, ch. 1; U&L ch. 3
Group work based on questions 1, 2
and 3 in M&M
• Presentation of Assignment 1
• Academic Writing – presentation and
discussion
What is culture?
• Culture theory
• Sociolinguistics
• Anthropologists – Alfred L. Kroeber and
Clyde Kluckhohn
• Social semiotics
Functionalist vs. interpretivist
• From Hofstede and Hall to Geertz
• From predictive patterns of thinking and
behaving to the complexity of
overlapping, changeable small cultures
Functionalist
• Hofstede - dimensions
• Hall - context and time
Geert Hofstede’s 5 dimensions
"Culture is more often a source of conflict than of synergy.
Cultural differences are a nuisance at best and often a disaster."
- Dr. Geert Hofstede
http://www.geert-hofstede.com/
Exercise:
• What does it mean to be Danish?
• Please give me examples of a painting,
a photograph, a person, a thing, a text,
a song or piece of music, a poem, a
dish, a place, an occation
Edward Hall: Context (high/low) ...
Overtness of messages
Many covert and implicit messages,
with use of metaphor and reading
between the lines
Many overt and explicit messages that
are simple and clear. Overtness of
messages
Locus of control and attribution
for failure
Inner locus of control and personal
acceptance of failure
Outer locus of control and blame of
others for failure
Use of non-verbal
communication
Much nonverbal communication
More focus on verbal communication
than body language
Expression of reaction
Reserved, inward reactions
Visible, external, outward reaction
Cohesion and separation of
groups
Strong diistinction between
ingroup and outgroup.
Strong sense of family
Flexible and open grouping patterns,
changing as needed
People bonds
Strong people bonds with affiliation
to family and community
Fragile bonds between people with
little sense of loyalty
Level of commitment to
relationships
High commitment to long-term
relationships. Relationship more
important than task
Low commitment to relationship. Task
more important than relationships
Flexibility of time
Time is open and flexible. Process is
more important than product
Time is highly organized. Product is
more important than process
Edward Hall: ... and time
Monochronic Culture
Polychronic Culture
Interpersonal Relations
Interpersonal relations are
subordinate to present
schedule
Present schedule is
subordinate to interpersonal
relations
Activity Co-ordination
Schedule co-ordinates
activity; appointment time is
rigid
Interpersonal relations coordinate activity; appointment
time is flexible
Task Handling
One task at a time
Many tasks are handled
simultaneously
Breaks and Personal Time
Breaks and personal time are
sacrosanct regardless of
personal ties
Breaks and personal time are
subordinate to personal ties
Temporal Structure
Time is inflexible; time is
tangible
Time is flexible; time is fluid
Work/personal time
separability
Work time is clearly separable
from personal time
Work time is not clearly
separable from personal time
Organizational Perception
Activities are isolated from
organization as a whole; tasks
are measured by output in
time (activity per hour or
minute)
Activities are integrated into
organization as a whole; tasks
are measured as part of
overall organizational goal
(Adapted from http://stephan.dahl.at/research/online-publications/intercultural-research/halls-classic-patterns/)
Criticism
• Other identity factors than culture (as
nationality): Age, gender, race, religion,
family patterns, education, occupation.
• Various identities at home, at work, over
time, etc.
• Ethnocentrism
• Determinism
• Stereotyping
Interpretive
• Clifford Geertz – webs of significance –
thick description
• Victor Turner
• Etic/emic – Kenneth Pike
Clifford Geertz
• Webs of significance
Geertz:
"Believing, with Max Weber, that man is an animal suspended in webs of
significance he himslef has spun, I take cultures to be those webs, and the
analysis of it to be therefore not an experimental science in search of law but an
interpretive one in search of meaning."(1973)
• Thick description - Geertz’ Balinese
cockfight example - almost like being
there
Criticism
• Utility - degree of usefulness
• Relativism
• Idealism
Group work
• Main differences between approaches?
• Define web of significance. How does it
relate to intercultural communication?
• What is national identity?
Assignment 1
1. Take a close look at Arla’s international website
www.arla.com to see in which countries Arla
operates. Then identify some of the intercultural
communication challenges that Arla faces operating
in a globalised world. Please, discuss.
2. How should Arla deal with the intercultural
communication challenges that you have identified
above? Please, discuss.
3. What could other companies learn from Arla about
operating across cultures?
Assignment 1 continued
Practical stuff when working on this assignment:
1. Check spelling and grammar
2. Answer all questions
3. Provide notes when you quote, paraphrase and refer to someone else’s words and opinions
4. Find facts, articles, etc. to support your case
5. Search for information on the internet, in other works of literature, etc. (remember
references)
6. Use meta-language – tell what you’re doing and why
7. Be cohesive – demonstrate a logical flow
8. Demonstrate that you understand relevant theoretical issues and that you can use them in
your argumentation
9. Everything is up for discussion, so please discuss
10. Remember this is an academic paper
11. Deadline: Session 3 – 23 September
12. Write no more than 10 pages per group (the final exam will be up to 6 pages per person)
A
Group 1:
Group 2:
Group 3:
Group 4:
•Steffen Berg Jensen
•Christina Nielsen
•Maren Bork Villadsen
•Mariann Daugaard
•Mads Boye Holst
•Pia Bloch Mikkelsen
•Ragnheidur
Georgsdottir
•Jeanette Kjær Olsen
•Julie Veggerby Jensen
•Janne Hougaard
Rasmussen
•Mads Steen Hebbelstrup
•Patrick Hoban
•Ellen Kraaijenzank
•Fawzie El-Fil
•Trine Moesgaard
Thomsen
Group 5:
Group 6:
Group 7:
Group 8:
•Christina Thomsen
•Sanne Skov Iversen
•Trine Nielsen
•Hanne Kragh
•Anastasia F. X. Hjorth
•Lise Anna Kløcker Grove
•Anne Sofie Weiersøe
Skovholm
•Kathrine Ærthøj Kanne
Pedersen
•Kristian Skriver Jensen
•Martin Norup Thomsen
•Kathrine Frost Eriksen
•Jesper Skov Christensen
•Anja Rank Jensen
•Christina Kirk Kjærsgaard
•Janni Lanzky Jensen
•Anja Hansen Støvring
•Stine Bundgaard Jensen
•Maia Haferbier
•Astrid Hedermann
Pedersen
•Katrine Bæk Larsen
•Eva Bøge Josefsen
•Mette Bruun Sørensen
•Janni Ank Mertz
B
Group 1:
Group 2:
Group 3:
Group 4:
•Thomas Maegaard-Nielsen
•Simon Ulrik Jeppesen
•Stine Smedstrup
Mortensen
•Sacha Vernstrøm Prosberg
•Sandra Schnoor
•Tine Nørgaard Winther
•Trine Kristensen
•Maria Thomsen
•Stine Møgelvang
Mogensen
•Camilla Størup Ugilt
•Kasper Miki Laursen
•Ida Wøjcik-Jonasson
•Lars Jørgensen
•Gitte Adamsen
•Jessica Støvring
Group 5:
Group 6:
Group 7:
•Maria Nørgaard
Lundsgaard
•Anita Bjørn Kristoffersen
•Emir Catak
•Christian Ohm Nørgaard
•Mads Skov Mathiesen
•Tina Buhelt Olesen
•Andreas Brogaard
Christensen
•Jonas Rusborg Frederiksen
•Anna Skovgaard Pedersen
•Line Geltzer Johansen
•Katrine Engberg Holm
•Lene Filtenborg Buhl
•Mia Darschana Hansen
•Ianne Jill Griffin
•Anne Katrine Stouby
•Anders Kilgast Jensen
•Søren Kronborg
•Janicell Karina
Rasmussen
•Maja Repic
Useful academic writing sites:
•
For resources in various academic fields:
http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/section/1/2/
•
Essay writing:
http://www.victoria.ac.nz/st_services/slss/studyhub/assignment/Essay%20Writin
g%20Process.pdf
•
Using English for Academic Purposes - A Guide for Students in Higher
Education - Academic Writing: http://www.uefap.com/writing/writfram.htm
•
How to develop arguments, counterarguments, etc. in academic writing:
http://www.unc.edu/depts/wcweb/handouts/argument.html
(All sites last visited on 26 August 2010, Elisabeth Houe Thomsen)
Furthermore, you may find inspiration in the Danish book: “Den gode opgave”,
Lotte Rienecker, Stray Jørgensen, Forlaget Samfundslitteratur
Text to prepare for next week
• http://www.unicef.org/maternalhealth/
• Identify the discourses and rhetorical
strategies used in the text