Transcript Current status and Pole of future of Technical Textiles by Gajanan

Nanofibers: Current Status and
Role on Future of Technical
Textiles
Gajanan Bhat
Professor MSE & Director, UTNRL
University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
[email protected]
TECHNOTEX 2011, Mumbai, India
August 26, 2011
Nanotechnology
“ The science, engineering and technology related to
the understanding and control of matter at the scale
length of approximately 1 to 100 nanometers.
However, nanotechnology is not merely working with
matter at the nanoscale, but also research and
development of materials, devices and systems that
have novel properties and functions due to their
nanoscale dimensions and components”
The National Nanotechnology initiative at Five years: Assessment and Recommendations
of the National Nanotechnology Advisory Panel, Presidents Council of Advisors on Science
and Technology, Washington, DC, May 2005, p7.
Nanotechnology
Has not reached the state of application that draws
public interest
Can be a big investment - a lot at stake
Lot of research and developmental activity in this
area
In general technology lags behind science
Textiles – technology may be ahead of science
Nanotechnology
Relevance to Textiles
Nanofibers
Coating
Finishing
Modification
Characterization
Nanofibers
Diameter
High specific surface area
Higher filtration efficiency
Nanofiber Research Publications
Peer Reviewed Publications
1600
1400
1200
1000
800
600
400
200
0
2002
2004
2006
Year
2008
Cotton Structure – Nanofibers?
Wool Structure – Nanofibers?
Production Techniques for
Nanofibers
Splitting (IS)
Drawing
Electrospinning
Forcespinning
Modified Melt Blowing (MB)
Production Techniques for
Nanofibers
Splitting of bi-/multi-component
fibers
From multicomponent spinning
and dissolution of some
components
Hard to precisely control the
fiber dimensions
Solvent
Electrospinning Process
Simple process at lab scale
Fine fibers possible
Scalability
Solvents
Dielectric requirements
Not suitable for PP
Forcespinning Fiberrio
By using Centrifugal
Force
Both solutions and
Melts
No high voltage, no
hot air
New Process – many
unknowns
Melt Blowing Process
Fiber Diameter (2-5 μ)
Air permeability/Hydrohead
Filtration efficiency
Porosity, pore size & Distribution
Mechanical Properties
Composite structures
Suitable for any thermoplastic
polymer – No solvents
Nanofiber Melt Blowing
Figure 6: Nanofiber Melt Blowing
Nanofiber Melt Blowing
Modular Dies
AGR/NTI
Hills
Melt Blown Nanofibers
Melt Blown Nanofibers
20-inch Meltblowing Line
Melt blown Nano and Sub-Micron Fibers
12
Fiber Count
10
8
6
4
2
0.1
0.15
0.2
0.25
0.3
0.35
0.4
0.45
0.5
0.55
0.6
0.65
0.7
0.75
0.8
0
Fiber Diameter (microns)
Cumulative % of Fiber Population
Cumulative % of Melt Blown Fibers in 1800 MFR PP Web .
100.00
75.00
50.00
25.00
0.00
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
Fiber Diameter (microns)
0.8
1
Where are We?
Consistently produce NF MB webs from
several thermoplastic polymers
Narrow fiber diameter distribution
Optimize Processing Conditions
Understand the Morphology
Development
Evaluating Composite Structures
Applications of Melt Blown
Nanofibers
Applications of Melt Blown
Nanofibers
Scaffolds
Controlled Rate of Drug Delivery
Tissue engineering
Wound dressing
Applications of Melt Blown
Nanofibers
 Detoxification/Decontamination,
 Enhanced reactivity of the Catalysts, Biocides,
 Enhanced oxidative/
hydrolyzing activity
of Catalysts (nano
MgO, -Cyclodextrin), biocides
(N-Halamines),
have against
wide spectrum of
of
CBWA Polymer
nanofiber membrane
to capture chemical agents
Applications of Melt Blown
Nanofibers
Figure 10: Functionalized nanofibers for protective clothing
Applications of Melt Blown
Nanofibers
Nanocomposites
Oil Adsorbents
Accidental oil spills
Fuel cell membranes, battery and fuel cell
separators, catalysis
Applications of Melt Blown
Nanofibers
Filtration Media
Lower pressure drop
Higher permeability
Higher particle capture efficiency
Quality factor
Air & water purification filters, chemical
filtration, HEPA filtration devices, face masks,
filters for furnace
Applications of Melt Blown
Nanofibers
Filtration Efficiency, %
100
80
60
40
20
0
SB
SB+Nano
MB
MB+Nano
Nanofiber Arrays Dramatically Boost Battery Energy Storage
New method allows a dramatic boost in capacity for a given
weight
http://www.nano.org.uk/news/1571/
Future Prospects of Melt Blown
Nanofibers
Future Prospects
The global market should reach $176 million in
2012 and grow to $825 million by 2017
$1 trillion are market in textile
$100 billion market in electronic packaging
 Scaffolds for the $10 billion tissue engineering by
2020
The mechanical/chemical sector is projected to
account for 73.5% of total revenues in 2007
Nanofiber Market Projection
BCC Research
2.5
2.15
Billion $
2
1.5
1.17
1
0.63
0.34
0.5
0.1
0.19
0
2010
2012
2014
2016
Year
2018
2020
Nanotechnology for Textiles
Nanocomposite fibers
CNT and nanoclay
Finishes
Water repellency
UV protection
Antibacterial
Wrinkle resistance
Reactivity
Functionality without sacrificing physical
properties
Nanotechnology for Textiles
BASF
Nanoparticle Application on
Textiles
Continuous Spraying
system
Sonication to achieve
dispersion of nanoparticles
Uniform application on
nonwovens and other
textiles
Other Nonwoven Related
Research Projects at UTNRL
 Nanoparticle Reinforced Fibers, Webs and Films (Corp)
 Nanoparticle Reinforced Composites (ONR)
 Thermal Bonding Fundamentals
 Melt Blowing –Processing, Polymers and Fundamentals
 Nanofiber Composites
 Biodegradable Nonwovens & Composites
 Coating of textiles, webs and films
 Multifunctional Composites –(NASA)
 Flame Retardant Nonwovens – (USDA & Cotton Inc.)
 High Temperature Polymeric Fibers – (Corp)
 Fiber Formation Fundamentals – (corp)
 Other Proprietary work – Various companies.
Future of Nanotechnology for
Textiles in Indian Context
Availability of Science and Technology
Product Development
Value Addition
Marketing
 Approach
 Domestic and Global
Creativity and Engineering will lead to
tremendous growth
– where do you want to be?
Thank You