Introduction to Cloud Computing
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Transcript Introduction to Cloud Computing
Cloud Computing
Part #1
Zigmunds Buliņš, Mg. sc. ing
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http://www.digitaltrends.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/09/Cloud-Computing.jpg
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Computing history (1)
Abacus
2700–2300 BC
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ea/Boulier1.JPG
http://retrocalculators.com/abacus_files/Wooden_Abacus_Russian_Wood_Schoty.jpg
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Computing history (2)
Babbage computer
1834 - Charles Babbage
http://members.peak.org/~jeremy/superlative/pix/babbageMachine.jpg
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Computing history (3)
Z1 computer
Konrad Zuse, 1936
22-bit floating point
Z2, Z3, … Z5
Plankalkul (ALGOL)
http://www.yorku.ca/lbianchi/sts3700b/z1-vb2.jpg
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Computing history (4)
Bell 1
1940
9000 relays, 90 m2, 10 t
Mark 1
1944
Equations
ENIAC
1946
18000 lamps, 90 × 15 m2, 30t, 150 kW
100 kHz, + for 0.2 ms, * for 2.8 ms
http://mathsci.ucd.ie/~plynch/eniac/ENIAC.jpg
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Computing history (5)
Philco-2000
1955
56000 transistors, 1200 diodes, (450 lamps)
+ for 1,7 microseconds, * for 40,3
CDC 6600
1960
169000 transistors
100 MHz
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/CDC_6600.jc.jpg/800px-CDC_6600.jc.jpg
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Computing history (6)
System-360
1964, First integral
DOS, OS/360
Intel 8008
1972
8 bit
Intel 8088
PC XT -> PC AT (80286)
http://www.wired.com/images/article/full/2008/04/ibm_360_500px.jpg
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Performance progress (1)
2010: 2.57 petaflops
2005: 280.6 teraflops
2000: 4.94 teraflops
1995: 170 gigaflops
15,100 times faster
1,650 times faster
19 times faster
The baseline
http://royal.pingdom.com/2010/12/02/incredible-growth-supercomputing-performance-1995-2010/
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Performance progress (2)
In 2010, we measure the performance of
the fastest supercomputers in petaflops
(quadrillions of operations per second).
In 1995, we used gigaflops (billions of
operations per second). We are now
using the scale a million times larger
than we did 15 years ago.
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Tasks and computers
Need for performance
Amount of the data
Resolution / quality / complexity
Growing demand
More online users
More applications running
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Scaling thing (1)
Personal computer
Simple, personal computing tasks
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Scaling thing (2)
Network
Common tasks, resources
http://www.lucartech.com/images/Services_network.jpg
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Scaling thing (3)
Cluster
Processing power, large IO
http://www.biomedcentral.com/content/figures/1471-2105-11-217-1-l.jpg
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/MEGWARE.CLIC.jpg/300px-MEGWARE.CLIC.jpg
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Scaling thing (4)
Cloud
The topic we will speak about…
http://www.bluesci.org/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2011/09/Sevensheaven_illustration-Cloud_Computing.jpg
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Cloud computing (1)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Cloud_computing.svg
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Cloud computing (2)
Grid computing
SOA
Client-server
distributed application that distinguishes
between service providers (servers) and
service requesters (clients)
Peer-to-peer
distributed architecture without the need for
central coordination
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5 essential characteristics
On-demand self-service
Broad network access
Resource pooling
Rapid elasticity
Measured service
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Service models
Infrastructure (IaaS)
Platform (PaaS)
Software (SaaS)
Network (NaaS)
Database (DBaaS)
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3c/Cloud_computing_layers.png
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Deployment models
Public cloud
Community cloud
Hybrid cloud
Private cloud
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/87/Cloud_computing_types.svg
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Comparison for SaaS
Criteria
Public cloud
Private cloud
Initial cost
Typically zero
Typically high
Running cost
Predictable
Unpredictable
Customization
Impossible
Possible
Privacy
No (Host has access
to the data)
Yes
Single sign-on
Impossible
Possible
Scaling up
Easy while within
defined limits
Laborious but no limits
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Virtualization (1)
VM technology allows multiple virtual
machines to run on a single physical
machine
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Virtualization (2)
Advantages of virtual machines:
Run operating systems where the physical hardware is
unavailable;
Easier to create new machines, backup machines, etc.;
Software testing using “clean” installs of operating
systems and software;
Emulate more machines than are physically available;
Timeshare lightly loaded systems on one host,
Debug problems (suspend and resume the problem
machine);
Easy migration of virtual machines (shutdown needed or
not);
Run legacy systems!
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Advantages of Cloud
Computing (1)
Lower computer costs
Improved performance
Reduced software costs
Instant software updates
Improved document format compatibility
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Advantages of Cloud
Computing (2)
Unlimited storage capacity
Increased data reliability
Universal document access
Latest version availability
Easier group collaboration
Device independence
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Disadvantages of Cloud
Computing (1)
Requires
a constant Internet
connection
Does not work well with low-speed
connections
Features might be limited
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Disadvantages of Cloud
Computing (2)
Can be slow
Stored data might not be secure
Stored data can be lost
Compatibility for clouds/DB/etc.
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