Transcript File - What is History?

Nazi Education and
Youth
• Hitler wanted to create a “ThousandYear Reich”, in which the Nazis would
rule forever. He believed the way to
achieve this was to win the support
of the young people of Germany. He
therefore began a nationwide
programme of INDOCTRINATING
young people, getting them to believe
in the key Nazi ideas.
•This was done by controlling the education system.
• If you had been a German student in
the Nazi period your teacher would
be acting under strict instructions.
They had to belong to the Nazi
organisation of the German Teachers’
League, and had to make sure that
they taught Nazi ideas – or they
were dismissed.
• The teaching of school subjects was
controlled so that the young were
“indoctrinated” with Nazi ideals.
An example of a school
textbook
A bomber aircraft on take-off carries twelve
dozen bombs, each weighing ten kilos.
The aircraft takes off for Warsaw,
international centre of Jews. It bombs the
town. On take-off with all the bombs on
board and a fuel tank containing 1000 kilos
of fuel, the aircraft weighed about eight
tons. When it returns from the crusade,
there are still 230 kilos of fuel left. What is
the weight of the aircraft when empty?
PERIOD
MONDAY
TUESDAY
WED
THURS
FRIDAY
SAT
8.00 8.45
Am
German
German
German
German
German
German
8.509.35
Geography
History
Singing
Geography
History
Singing
9.4010.25
Race
studies
Race
studies
Race
studies
Race
studies
Party
beliefs
Party
beliefs
10.2511.00
Break
Break
Break
Break
Break
Break
11.0012.05
Domestic
science
with
maths
Domestic
science
with
maths
Domestic
science
with
maths
Domestic
science
with
maths
Domestic
science
with
maths
Domestic
science
with
maths
12.1012.55pm
Eugenics science of
breeding
Eugenics science of
breeding
Eugenics
– science
of
breeding
Eugenics science of
breeding
Eugenics
- science
of
breeding
Eugenics science of
breeding
2.006.00
Sport
Sport
Sport
Sport
Sport
Sport
A typical timetable from a German girls school in 1935
– how does this compare to your daily timetable?
Healthy
Biology
Biased
Nazi
textbooks
History
textbooks
glorified the
military and
German
heroes
Girls
studied
home craft
Boxing made
compulsory for
boys
Race Studies
introduced
Students
gave
staff
Nazi
salute
Lesson
s
Schools
Adolf Hitler Schools
Order Castles to
train future Nazi
leaders
By 1939 all
religious
schools
were
abolished
Lots of PE
– 5 hours a
week
Nazi
Educatio
n
Policies
Teachers
Teachers
went on a
1-month
Nazi
training
course
Non-Nazi
teachers and
Jewish teachers
were removed
Classroom
Nazi
posters
Swastika
Flags
Photos
of
Hitler
All teachers had to join
the Nazi Teachers
League and university
lecturers had to join the
Nazi Lectures Association
The Nazi Party believed that:
‘Those who have youth on their side
control the future’
Hitler Youth
flag
They therefore encouraged young Germans to join
Nazi Youth organisations. Attendance soon
became compulsory…
Boys
Girls
11-14 years old
11-14 years old
Young Folk
League of Young Girls
Boys
Girls
14-18 years old
14-18 years old
Hitler Youth
League of German Girls
Hitler Youth was formed in 1928 and by 1932 108,000 youths had
joined it
Hitler Youth facts
You experience outdoor activities
such as camping and hiking
The Hitler Youth
act was passed in
1936 and this
stated that all
youths had to
belong to HJ. This
became
compulsory in
1939
You had to swear an oath
of allegiance to Hitler
Hitler Youth Facts
The aim of the HJ was to prepare boys
for military service and to be strong
future leaders of Germany
The aim for Girls
was to prepare
them for
motherhood
By 1939 there were
7.3 million members
Emphasis was placed on
Physical fitness, group activities
and obedience to the party
Hitler in the
background
Young HJ
boy –Aryan in
appearance
Military
smart
uniform
Caption in bold
Who is the
poster aimed
at?
What does
the poster
tell you
about
attitudes to
youth?
Activities
Copy these key terms:
Propaganda: information that tries to make you think in a
certain way
Indoctrination: Process of changing someone’s views without
them even realising
1.
2.
3.
4.
Why did the Nazis hold such massive rallies?
What does censorship mean?
How did the Nazis restrict information?
Why did the Nazis focus their indoctrination and
propaganda on the German youth?
5. Why is it difficult to know if Nazi propaganda and
indoctrination was a success?
6. What are the general messages of Nazi propaganda?
7. Was propaganda more effective than the police state for
the Nazis keeping control in Germany?
EXTENSION:
‘The Nazis failed in their attempts to win the hearts and minds
of the German people’. Explain whether you agree or
disagree with this statement, justifying your opinions
using evidence.