Transcript RFFS Response Model - Airport Fire Officers Association
Annual Meeting CAA Aviation House Gatwick 4 July 2012
Standards Officer Aerodrome Standards Civil Aviation Authority
Aviation House 2W, Gatwick Airport South, West Sussex, RH6 0YR, UK Office +44 (0) 1293 573256 Mobile +44 (0) 7908 627481 [email protected]
www.caa.co.uk
An overview and future work
With an evolution of existing provisions in mind and taking account of the tasks involved and applicable risk, develop new performance-based provisions for the response to an emergency at or in the vicinity of an aerodrome or heliport, with regard to:
the type and frequency of operations, including rotorcraft and general aviation;
the size, construction and use of the aircraft;
typical emergency response scenarios, including details addressing accidents occurring at specific locations such as on or near the extended runway centreline;
the availability and suitability of emergency response resources when needed; and
the development of risk and task analysis criteria and methodologies On the basis of the above, develop generic procedures and/or guidance on the development of procedures for the emergency response at or in the vicinity of an aerodrome or heliport for incorporation in PANS Aerodromes
IR - ADR-OPS.B010 - Rescue and Fire-fighting Services (a) The aerodrome operator shall ensure that: (1) aerodrome rescue and fire-fighting equipment and services are provided; (2) adequate equipment, fire extinguishing agents and sufficient personnel are available in a timely manner; (3) rescue and fire-fighting personnel are properly trained, equipped and qualified to operate in the aerodrome environment; (4) rescue and fire-fighting personnel potentially required to act in aviation emergencies demonstrate their medical fitness to execute their functions satisfactorily, taking into account the type of activity.
(b) The aerodrome operator shall implement and maintain training and check programmes to ensure the continuing competence of rescue and fire fighting personnel.
AMC 6-ADR-OPS.B.010 — Personnel (a) The aerodrome operator should ensure that: (1) During flight operations, sufficient trained personnel is detailed and readily available to ride the rescue and fire-fighting vehicles and to operate the equipment at maximum capacity; (2) Personnel is deployed in a way that ensures the minimum response times can be achieved and continuous agent application at the appropriate rate can be fully maintained considering also the use of hand lines, ladders and other rescue and fire fighting equipment normally associated with aircraft rescue and fire-fighting operations; (3) All responding rescue and fire-fighting personnel are provided with protective clothing and respiratory equipment to enable them to perform their duties in an effective manner.
GM 3-ADR-OPS.B.010 — Number of RFFS personnel In determining the number of personnel required to provide for rescue, consideration is necessary to be given to the types of aircraft using the aerodrome. Staffing levels are promulgated, or reference to, the Aerodrome Manual.
ICAO “.....save lives...” “.....create and maintain survivable conditions...” “.....initiate the rescue of those occupants unable to make their escape without direct aid.” Initiate To set going by taking the first step.
“..create and maintain survivable conditions..” ‘Control of the fire’ Initiate the rescue System of work Rescue or identify
“..create and maintain survivable conditions..” “..rescue of those occupants unable to make their escape without direct aid..” Initiate the rescue System of work Rescue or identify
“..create and maintain survivable conditions..” “..rescue of those occupants unable to make their escape without direct aid..” Initiate the rescue System of work Rescue or identify
“..create and maintain survivable conditions..” “..rescue of those occupants unable to make their escape without direct aid..” The Unacceptable Gap Initiate the rescue System of work Rescue or identify
Sheriff Desmond J Leslie, following an Inquiry into the death of Allison Hume 1 “
I do not endorse a practice where management policy should prevail over a comprehensive risk assessment particularly so when life is in imminent danger.”
Coroner’s Inquests into the London bombings of 7 July 2005 2
“Risk assessments and decisions may have to be revisited as protocols are overtaken by events. “ 1 http://www.scotcourts.gov.uk/opinions/2011FAI51.html
2 - http://7julyinquests.independent.gov.uk/docs/orders/rule43-report.pdf
Activity Time
Activity
Equipment Personnel Procedures
Time
Activity
Equipment Personnel Procedures
Time
Fire and Rescue Services Act 2004 (E&W) Fire (Scotland) Act 2005 The Fire and Rescue Services (Northern Ireland) Order 2006
Fire and Rescue Services (Emergencies) (England) Order 2007
Rescue and protection in case of certain emergencies A fire and rescue authority must make provision in its area for the purpose of rescuing people who may be trapped and protecting them from serious harm, to the extent that it considers it reasonable to do so, in the event of— (a) an emergency involving the collapse of a building or other structure; or (b) an emergency which— (i) involves a train, tram, or aircraft
The Fire (Additional Function) (Scotland) Order 2005
Serious transport incidents A specified authority shall make provision for the purpose of rescuing people trapped by wreckage and debris and protecting them from serious harm in the event of a serious transport incident in its area.
The Fire and Rescue Services (Emergencies) Order (Northern Ireland) 2011
Serious transport incident The Board shall make provision for the purpose of rescuing people and protecting them from serious harm in the event of a serious transport incident
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Civil Contingencies Act 2004 (E&W) The Civil Contingencies Act 2004 (Contingency Planning) (Scotland) Regulations 2005 NI Civil Contingencies Framework
Duty to assess, plan and advise Category 1 and 2 responders must:
Assess the risk of an emergency occurring
Maintain plans to:
Prevent the emergency Reduce, control or mitigate
Consider if they or others need to add to or modify plans
Fire and Rescue Authorities have the duty to plan and provide for fire and rescue – including aircraft (transport) incidents They can enter into Mutual Aid agreements, or Have arrangements under Civil Contingencies duties/guidance Any agreements/arrangements should be made under local emergency planning arrangements e.g.
Local Resilience Forums (E) Strategic Co-ordinating Groups (S) Civil Contingencies Group (NI) Wales Resilience Forum (W)
Phase 1 Aims and objectives for the RFF services and the required tasks Phase 2 Identify representative realistic, feasible accidents Phase 3 Type of aircraft Phase 4 location for the accident Phase 5 Combine accident with the aircraft Phase 6 Facilitated Task and Resource Analysis
Is a good basis for a model.
But how can we represent its elements?
Category of RFFS – relates to size of aircraft, number of passengers and fuel load
The number of fire fighters to deal with the Critical Area – Stage 1
The number of staff for “the Gap” – Stage 2
The time for Stage 3 to be put into action
Task and Resource Analysis for worst case scenario Determine Response Index Develop contingency arrangements Develop SOP’s to match responses
On runway Off runway 1,000m
Match to Emergency Plan Discuss with Local resilience Forum or fire and rescue service to ensure compatibility and agreement under Civil Contingencies Act
Example of Worst Case Credible Scenario
Aircraft of highest RFFS Category Full passenger load 5% Dangerous cargo Engine fire on take-off Aborts take-off – runs off end of runway into RESA Collapse of undercarriage Fire impinging on fuselage Evacuation takes place on unaffected side of aircraft Some passengers unable to self evacuate
Aim – To review current requirements and guidance and recommend amendments
Scenarios – locations - resources Develop risk & task criteria & methodologies Circle model and Stages
Unacceptable Gap Initiate response system of work Duties – fire and rescue authorities and civil protection Index aligned to model Use of index to identify gaps/weaknesses
Relate to TRA process Worst case credible scenarios Contingency arrangements
Timeline
April - June July 16-20 ~ Engage Stakeholders ~ Draft Discussion Paper ICAO RFF Working Group August - December Finalise Model ICAO AMC
Tests carried out at CNPP, Vernon, France 21 – 25 May 2012
B F F C A F S L e v e l
0:00 1:00 2:00 0:30 1:30 2:12
2 4 M a y T e s t 2 0 1 2 5
4 L 380 L
• CNPP test results within 2 weeks • Debrief – 13 July – agree conclusions • DP and presentation at ICAO RFFWG July • Best practice – CAFS and Fluorine Free • Incorporate findings into future rules
Simon Webb
Standards Officer Aerodrome Standards Civil Aviation Authority
Aviation House 2W, Gatwick Airport South, West Sussex, RH6 0YR, UK Office +44 (0) 1293 573256 Mobile +44 (0) 7908 627481 [email protected]
www.caa.co.uk