Transcript AID Coordination and Effectiveness in Afghanistan
Name :Mohammad Sabir ID :MEP09054 Country : Afghanistan
Afghanistan After 9/11 International conferences held for the reconstruction of Afghanistan since 2001 Volume of the ODA to Afghanistan Delivery Mechanism Aid distribution region and sector wise Assistance through military and non military channel Afghan Government Aid Priorities Paris declaration on Aid effectiveness Challenges Achievement Recommendations
September 9/11 made significant changes in to Afghanistan social economic and political environment . At the end of 2001,the USA lead collation forces fought its war against terrorism in Afghanistan which over threw The Taliban regimes from Power
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Tokyo Conference (2002) 2.
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Berlin Conference (2004) London Conference (2006) Room Conference (2007) 5.
Paris Conference (2008) 6.
Coming conference in Kabul
Conferences Tokyo (2002) Berlin(2004) London (2006) Room(2007) Pairs (2008) Total Pledges by conferences Total Supplemental Pledges Grand t Total of pledges Amount in $US Billion Amount Pledge 5.1
5.6
8.7
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28.6
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Pledge ODA refer to Unwritten commitment that the donor announced in the pledging conferences and or at the different occasion since 2002 . As of November 2009 out of 62 billion pledges 46 billion has been committed and only 36 billion has been disbursed in Afghanistan 40% 9% 10% 16% 25% 0% Toko Barlin London Rome Paris Supplemental Pledges
30000 25000 20000 15000 10000 5000 0 27389 2249 2247 1803 1448 1378 1236 1206 1044 5455 Amount in US$ Million
$1 800 $1 600 $1 400 $1 200 $1 000 $800 $600 $400 $200 $0 $1 528 Iraq $585 Bosnia $292 Afghanistan
35000 30000 25000 20000 15000 10000 5000 0 32615 5252 Nation Wide Central Zone Geographical Distribution of ODA 1410 East 1202 South 993 1353 South East West 1744 1639 North North East
As of November ,2009 out of 62 billion pledges only 36 billion has been disbursed in Afghanistan .Of 36 Billion around 19 billion has been invested in security sector to support reform and training of Afghanistan National Army (ANA )and Afghanistan National Police (ANP ) 22% 9% 9% 15% Security infrustructure 45% Agriculture & Rural development and Governance Education,Health,Econ omic Gowernance ,and social proetction Cross cutting sector
This indicates that due to large spending in security sector, less attention has been given to other priority sectors of the ANDS
8% 5% 5% 3% 4% 5% 11% 13% Security 46% Governance and rule of law Infrustructur al and natural resources Economic Governance Agriculture and rural Development Health
1-Donor Managed assistance Delivery through Military Channel(PRT,CSTC-A ,CERP) Delivery through Non Military Channel (Development agencies, contractor, GO ) 2- Afghan Government Managed Assistance Core Budget Through ARTF , L OTFA and CNTF 23% Donors managed assistance 77% Government managed assistance
Currently there are 26 PRT in different provinces which engaged activities Also assistance has been channeled (CSTC-A (CERP ) .Available Data shows that 40% of the and total development Aid has in been ) development through commitment made by military agencies .
Government of Afghanistan does not have a clear picture of the assistance provided by military sources
The Trust Funds namely the Afghanistan Reconstruction Trust Fund (ARTF), Law and Order Trust Fund (LOTFA), and Counter Narcotics Trust Fund (CNTF) remain a significant pooled funding mechanism for the Government of Afghanistan to finance its priority programs and to achieve the results of its development strategy.
Afghanistan Reconstruction Trust Fund (ARTF ) : and finance its priority programs .
Administered by World Bank was established in 2002 to support the shortfall of government recurrent expenditure Law and Order Trust Fund (LOTFA ) : Administered by UNDP was established in 2002 to mobilize resources for the support of Afghanistan National Police (ANP ) Counter Narcotics Trust Fund (CNTF) : Administered by UNDP was established in 2005 to mobilize resources needed by the government of Afghanistan to implement the national Drug Control Strategy
Assistance through military and non military channel (2002-2009) Amount in $Million Funding Channel Commitment %age Disbursement %age Development Military Grant total 27816 18388 46204 60% 40% 100% 21516 15401 36917 58% 42% 100%
Afghanistan National Development Strategy (ANDS) is five year comprehensive Development Plan which reflects the government’s vision, principles and goals for Afghanistan that builds on its commitment to achieve the Millennium Development goals by 2020 and the implementation of the Afghanistan Compact benchmarks.
Security Afghanistan National Development Strategy (ANDS) Governance Economic Growth Poverty Reduction
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Aid Coordination Section : Serves as platform of discussion/negotiation between the donors and the Government of Islamic Republic of Afghanistan on the allocation of donors’ assistance to projects and programs and other important issues Aid Management Directorate (AMD) 1.
Aid effectiveness and policy section AND :The objective of this section is to ensure that the donors programs and projects are aligned with the results stipulated in the Aid Coordination Section 2.
Aid Management Information Section :The objective of the section is to function as an information bank on the development assistance and functions as focal point for the development partners Aid effectiveness and policy section Aid Management information Section
Paris declaration 2005, Five Principles :
Ownership Alignment Harmonization Mutual Accountability Managing for the result
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AID delivery Mechanism Aid delivery through military channel PRT Large portion of Aid goes to Security Disparities in the Distribution of Aid Ownership ,Alignment and Coordination Contractor and corporate profits Expertise salaries and cost Transparency and accountability Widespread corruption Lack of capacity within the government
Example
Italian Government Project to Reconstruct Maternity hospital in Kabul to double its capacity . Contract is given to UNFPA which was sub contracted to UNOPS and then to Italian organization and finally to Afghan construction company. As a result less then half of the total budget was spent on the project and the quality of the work was so poor that it required further reconstruction . Italian government (2.2 Million UNFPA UNOPS Italian Organization Afg Company Budget 1 Million
Publishing New Constitution for Afghanistan.
Presidential and Parliamentary Election for the first time .
Making National Army and National Police for Afghanistan Highways reconstruction, more then 4000 Kilometers roads have been built which link capital with major regions Significant improvement in the Telecommunication sector .More then 9.5 million population has access to telecommunication facilitates In spite of the security ,social and political difficulties Afghanistan GDP growth in 2009 was 22.5% the most high growth ever Afghanistan has achieved .
Considerable progress made in the health and education sector in the past 8 years
Donors countries
Volume of the AID with emphasis on quality .
Information Sharing Disbursement channel should be changed Equality in the distribution of the Aid ANDS implementation Capacity building for the implementation of ANDS Specify the spending of security sector
Afghan Government
Corruption within the government system Government has to improve public financial Management system Government has to improve domestic revenue