Transcript Breast_Cancer_PPT

Physical Activity and
Reduction of Breast
Cancer Risk
Physical Activity vs. Exercise
Physical Activity
• Any form of movement
using skeletal muscles.
• Movement required for
daily life.
– Occupational physical activity
• Activities done for
enjoyment.
Exercise
• Physical training
– Recreational physical activity
• Aerobic or anaerobic
• Higher intensities
Benefits of Physical Activity
• Physical activity can help maintain and/or
reduce weight
• It helps to maintain and/or reduce body mass
index (BMI)
– Underweight < 18.5
– Normal = 18.5- 24.9
– Overweight = 25.0-29.9
– Obesity > 30
Benefits Continued
• Helps us burn excess calories instead of
turning into fat
• Increases lean muscle
• Helps retain and strengthen bone
• Strengthens the immune system
• Enhances mental and emotional well being
Definitions
• Risk- The likelihood of developing cancer
based on lifestyle choices and family history
• Prevention- Lifestyle choices to reduce the risk
of cancer
• Recurrence- The return of cancer after
treatment
Pre vs. Postmenopausal Breast Cancer
Premenopausal
• Occurs in younger women
• Often linked to genetic
predisposition
• Typically more severe and
harder to treat
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Postmenopausal
More common form
Linked to younger age of
menarche and older age
menopause
Higher risk with no or few
children, or older age of first
birth
Strongly linked to obesity
after mid-life
Female Breast Cancer Incidence Rates* by State, 2007
Color on Map
Interval
Light green
99.9 to 116.8
Medium green
116.9 to 122.5
Medium blue
122.6 to 124.8
Dark blue
124.9 to 139.2
Light Grey
Did not meet USCS data quality
criteria
Rates are per 100,000
and are age-adjusted
to the 2000 U.S.
standard population.
†Source: U.S. Cancer Statistics Working Group. United States Cancer Statistics: 1999–2007 Incidence and Mortality Web-based Report. Atlanta (GA):
Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and National Cancer Institute; 2010. Available at:
http://www.cdc.gov/uscs.
American Institute for Cancer Research
Summary
• Increased amounts of physical activity reduce
risk of breast cancer.
• Stronger for postmenopausal women
Physical Activity and Risk of Breast
Cancer Among Postmenopausal
Women
• Objective
– Examine the associations of physical activity with
breast cancer risk among postmenopausal women
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long-term activity
recent activity
change in activity
specific types of activity
Study Design
• Nurses Health Study - 95,396 postmenopausal
women
• Questionnaire in 1986
– time per week spent doing physical activities
• 7 more questionnaires over next 20 years
• Reports of breast cancer confirmed through
medical records
Results
• Moderate physical activity may reduce
postmenopausal breast cancer risk
• 5 hours per week of brisk walking was
sufficient to reduce the risk of breast cancer
• An increase in activity after menopause may
be beneficial
Take Home
• Moderate physical activity like walking
reduces breast cancer risk
• More exercise further reduces risk
• Physical activity reduces risk in women with a
family history of breast cancer
The evidence is strong that a
lifestyle including regular
physical activity and maintaining
a healthy weight reduces breast
cancer risk for women of all ages
The American College of Sports Medicine
and the American Heart Association
recommend
30 minutes of moderately intense aerobic exercise 5
days a week
and
strength- training exercises twice a week
Summary
• Physical activity has many benefits
– Maintains healthy weight
• Physical activity reduces cancer risk
– moderate is good but vigorous is better
– Daily and consistent